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' 7
ANTHROPOLOGICAL REPORT
ON THE
EDO-SPEAKING PEOPLES OF
NIGERIA.
PART II: LINGUISTICS.
BY
NORTHCOTE W. THOMAS, MA., F.RA.L, etc.
GOVERNMENT ANTHROPOLOGIST.
LONDON :
HARRISON AND SONS.
1910.
611864
t-7.sv
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Preface..,
...
System of
Transliteration
Section I
: Edo Texts
I.
Azuambili (the sponger)...
II.
lya
III.
Emigaheme (the three tasks) .
IIIa.
„ second version
IV.
Igifiemido (the archer) ...
V.
Boebose
VI.
The three boys
VII.
The tortoise
VIII.
Osa and the lizard
IX.
Omeneli
X.
Man with elephantiasis ...
XI.
Palm nuts ... ...
XII.
Ido
XIII.
The monkey
XIV.
The poor man
XV.
The smokers
XVI.
Burial custom
XVII.
The plantain eater
XVIII.
Osa and the farmer
XIX.
The poor woman and her son .
XX.
Osa and Ewale
XXI.
The four men
XXII.
Igifiemido and Emigherameme,
XXIII.
The dog and the leopard
XXIV.
Ezomo
XXV.
Ogiso and the poor woman
XXVI.
Dog and tortoise
XXVII.
The seven men
PAGE
vii
ix
1
3
5
8
15
19
21
23
25
29
30
34
37
37
38
40
43
43
44
45
47
50
53
55
55
60
62
64
. 68
IV
Section II : Texts in other Languages of the
. ISHAN, Irua
1-7. Narratives
8. New yam festival
9, 10. Narratives ...
. KUKURUKU
(a) Ijeba
1. Narrative ...
..
(b) Sabongida (Ora)
1 . Phrases
2. Astronomy . . .
3. The dungbeetle
4. Tortoise and snail
5. Burial customs
..
(c) Agbede
1. The francolin
2. Inabosere . . .
...
3. King and tortoise
4. The bird ...
...
5. Tortoise and Omemamoni
6. The impotent man
7. Giant and king of sky
8. The stupid man
9. The tortoise and the eggs
10. Hunting
11. Snail and tortoise ...
12. Man and wife
(d) Uzaitui
1. Hunting
(e) Ibie, N. Nigeria
1. Farming
2. The Imiegba palaver
(/) KOMINIO
1. Farming
(;/) Soso
1. Farming
(/<) Semolika
1. Farming
(/) Ibilo
1. Farming
(./') [sua
1. Fanning
PAGE
Edo Family 71
... 73
...73-76
... 76
... 77
... 78
... 78
... 78
... 78
... 78
... 79
... 79
... 80
... 81
... 83
... 83
... 84
... 85
... 86
... 86
... 89
... 90
... 91
... 93
... 94
... 95
... 97
... 99
... 99
... 100
... 100
... 101
... 103
... 103
... 103
... 103
... 104
... 104
... 104
... 104
... 105
... 105
PAGE
(0 Okpe, S. Nigeria 106
1. Burial customs, marriage, birth 106
2. Tooth filing 107
3. Hairdressing 108
0') Otua 109
1,2. Farming 109
3- War... 110
4. Conversation ... ... ... ... HO
5. New Year HI
6. Bobbery ... ... ... ... HI
7. Marriage ... ... ... ... ... 112
SOBO 114
(a) Emqsoga 114
1. Narrative H4
2. Osagale H4
3. Child and millipede 120
4. Boebose (see also p. 21) 124
(b) Iyede 126
1. Farming 126
(c) Ovu 127
1,2. Farming 127
Section III. Edo Grammar 129
Appendix A. Wano Grammar I43
Appendix B. Examples I47
Section IV. Comparative Dictionary of Selected Words
in the Edo Languages 151
Section V. Edo-English Dictionary I87
II.
A 2
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2011 with funding from
University of Toronto
http://www.archive.org/details/anthropological02thom
PREFACE.
The texts and vocabularies here published were collected
during my tour between January 29th, 1909, and March 28th,
1910. A certain number of vocabularies were collected
during the first three months, which were spent in Benin
City (Eclo) ; but the whole of the words and texts now-
printed were taken down between June 15th and the end of
my tour. My interpreters were as follows : —
Edo Erumese ... Feb. 10 to May 25.
Kukurukuandlshan Corporal Nimahan May 25 to Sept. 22.
Agbede and Kuku- Osidora ... ... Aug. 6 to Oct. 1.
ruku.
Edo Ogbebo Oct. 10 to Dec. 10.
Sobo ... ... James Smart ... Dec. 13 to Jan. 13.
Kukuruku George and Feb. 2 to March 10.
Oganna.
During my second Kukuruku tour Isuma of Agbede
acted as assistant interpreter, and Ogbebo was employed
several times for short periods over and above that
mentioned.
The Edo vocabulary was taken down from Corporal Nimahan
and revised with Ogbebo. The Agbede and Uzaitui vocabu-
laries were taken down with the aid of Edo, no English
being used at all in most cases. In all other cases the
English word was given and the native word asked for.
Corporal Nimahan acted as interpeter for Ijeba, Aroko, Okpe
(mainly by means of Yoruba), Otua, Sabongida, Agbede (with
Osidora), Irua, Ubiaja, and to some extent in the Ida
District. He also related Edo stories I and II. The
remainder of the Edo stories were related by Ogbebo and my
Vlll
orderly Idehin, with the exception of Nos. XIV, XVIII, and
XX, which were told by Asemota of Igwiximi.
At Sabongida, Agbede and Irua the schoolboys supplied
the texts and narratives, and to a large extent acted as their
own translators. The first four Sobo texts were taken down
from the lips of my head boy. The remainder of the texts
were obtained from chiefs and others in the various villages.
The Kukuruku and Ishan texts and the comparative
dictionary have been revised with the aid of Father Strub of
Agenigbodi, to whom I wish to express my heartiest thanks.
My tours in the Sobo country and in Northern Nigeria
were of the nature of flying surveys, made for the correction
of sociological data ; I had no opportunity of revising my
material from those districts. It will be noticed that both
here and elsewhere the native informants have often added
" it " (le or lo) to a transitive verb ; I have advisedly left the
word in the form in which I recorded it.
The pronunciation of different individuals, and in some
places of the two sexes, or of adults and younger people
(with unfiled teeth), differs, sometimes to a marked extent.
It will, therefore, be noticed that there is some want of
uniformity in the spelling.
Further research will probably show that the tones
have been omitted in many cases where the Edo dictionary
here printed does not distinguish between two meanings of a
word.
A certain number of texts have been recorded with the
phonograph, and the numbers of the records are shown at
the head of such texts ; duplicates of the records are
available for study in the Royal Anthropological Institute,
together with nearly three hundred records of music.
TEANSLITEUATION.
A. Vowels.
a = a in father.
o = o in not.
a = a intermediate
between
u = u in ride.
a in father and cat.
u = u in bull.
e = a in take.
u. = u in German giite.
e — e in there.
u = - in German gliick.
q = e in let.
o = o in German konig.
i = ee in see.
ai = in line.
\ = i in it.
au = in how.
o = o in stone.
el
o = o in ought.
oi = in boy.
B. Consonants.
b = b in bed.
r = r in red.
c = ch in church.
r«* = trilled r.
x = approximately
equiva-
rh = r slightly trilled and
lent to Scottish ch
in
aspirated.
loch.
s = s in sea.
d = d in dark.
s = sh in she.
d = cerebral d.
t = t in ten.
f = f in field.
t = cerebral t.
g = hard g in gold.
v = v in vivid.
h = h in have.
w = w iii win.
j = j in jewel.
y = y in yellow.
k = k in hey.
z = z in razor.
1 = 1 in long.
z = z in azure.
1 = cerebral 1.
y = soft g in N. German tag.
m = m in man,
i, v, = bilalnal f and v, Span-
n = n in not.
ish pronunciation of b.
n = cerebral n.
b, p = b and p sounded nearly
n = ng in ringer.
like w, with closed
p = p in pay.
glottis.
Dynamic accent
(stre
ss) x
High tone
/
Low tone
\
Sign of nasalization
(over the letter).
SECTION I.
EDO TEXTS
1
II.
SECTION I.
EDO TEXTS
"l
I.
Record 216.
Azuambjli, Azualegelege iyokpabina ;
Azuambili, Azualegelege, born of the same mother
ogiseoxumu ^nakearowa ; ^nagaiho
when hunger time came they lived in.the same house ; if they heard
§keni jiiauadumina, i,nagaxia. Ogisedokpa
a place where they beat fufu, they went (there). One day
;nagarhiopia ; ^nanawinariobafi, ^nanagaxiaxiaxia ;
they took cutlass, they say they go hunting they went on, on, on,
;namamiemirqkpa ; ;nagQdedowovwofe ;
they saw nothing ; as they came they saw a rat hole ;
Azuambili ow§ Emanobiluaiyi ; Azualegelege
Azuambili said : here he would stay ; Azualegelege
owQmanelegelegaiyi olinanagatonovu ;
said here he would do so too so they began to dig hole ;
jnagizetoi etifwina ; Azualegelege owineriowa ;
they went on digging, they tired ; Azualegelege said he would go
home ;
Azuambili emaleyi ; onagatouoi ;
Azuambili : " here I stay " ; so he went on digging ; as he dug
B 2
4 EDO TEXTS.
gnosagwale ; onoioborhamoi ; ogigomogai ;
he reached room ; he took hand touch ; when he felt it hot,
onawebaba olokpawema ; ogitonqxere ;
he said just now he got up here ; he dug a little more,
onagegerhurhumQle ; onamwelerhurhumu; okeyuyolobo ;
he saw his tail ; he caught at the tail ; it came loose in his
hand
okelef wa ; onarhierhurhumele ; onakezekawoli ;
it ran away ; he took its tail ; he took sand from his track,
onazekubole ; onagbalaiyoko ; onagariowa ;
he took sand from fore feet ; he tied it in a leaf ; he went home ;
ogisowa onamwawuwanakpe, erhuiTmniofeni ;
when he got home, he took pot, washed it, tail of the rat
bexainoze, onameyowawa ; oualamoi ; onamwQii ;
and sand he had picked, he put them in pot ; he fried it ; he took it ;
onarioi ; onarota. Azualegelegexj^e ; onaw'
he ate it ; he sat down. When Azualegelege came ; he said,
ofelele ; ukwegbe ? onawomagumegbe ;
rat to-day ; did you kill it ? he said, it did not let me kill it ;
onawukpaxj^e ; inamioi iwinimwe,
he said, you had gone small ; I saw it I said ; let me catch it,
erhurlmmele onaiuwobo ; onazexuwgle
his tail loose for my hand ; he took sand from fee
bikumbole, inagbaleyoko ; igisowa ; ^girariQle,
from hands ; I put it in parcel ; I came home ; I fried and ate it,
qnawawawanuyagamoiwo ; onawQgolewa ;
he said where is pot you take fry it ; he said look it ;
AzualegelQgelamu ; onasamQkpoge ;
Azualegelege went take it ; he took water to wash it and shake it ;
cmamumo.
he drank it.
EDO TEXTS. O
II.
Records 217-219.
lya, okeginomoclo noqkpa orenqwo ;
lya, when she got husband, who the only one was in the country ;
e/wohia ; ^nananawe : nokwenina ; owe ^nome ;
all country said let her agree for them ; she said : I don't
marry ;
;nanawe omanomina, j,nagagbelua ; qnawk ;
they said (if) she did not marry them, they go kill her ; she said
" M " Okegibie omo okpa nodoli nqrewa,
" M " When she bore child one for her husband who was in
the house,
yianawe clokwenina; iikwe woborolaho;
they said : go agree for them I don't agree ; we all beg you ;
iikwe ; ^nanawe : umakwe, magagbwa ;
I don't agree ; they said : if you don't agree, we kill you ;
okegarieki ; okedoeki inanamwegbe
she went to market ; she reached market ; they got ready
yaxolegode ; ogigqgina ; ;nanawe : kwimele ; e ;
go wait on road she saw them ; they said agree to-day ; no ;
umawukwe ? edixali. elqgino magagbwa ; walaho ;
you don't agree ? So I say. It's to-day we kill you ; I beg you ;
yalexwiodome ; ;nanawe agadqge wakwenima ;
go and look for my husband ; they said we go see if you agree for us ;
(take palaver to him)
maigegbwe ; onadigwe, laho ; igakwe ;
we don't kill you ; she knelt down, I beg you ; I agree ;
giasowa ; eo ; aisowa maholuebaba ;
let us go home ; no ? don't go home we wish to have connection now;
magaholueweniya. Onawikwi. Ugakwe.
we wish to copulate so. She said : I don't agree. You will agree.
Inanarhiopia, ;nak§fialuhumu ; oke,giwu. Odoleonawe :
They took cutlass, they cut her head off ; she died. Her husband
said :
b EDO TEXTS.
imagimie lya ; bogirie wowana ? Iahuele ;
I don't see lya ; Where did she go in this house ? I go look for her ;
okegahuele ; ogadieki ; odo ;
he went and looked ; he went to market ; her husband ;
umamioweki lya, bog' iye, olex^.
Did you not see her in market ; lya, which side, trader.
Eyenawe amamamioi ; iyowoli ;
Market people said we didn't see her ; they were sorry ;
(Traders)
ihoi; onagaxia ; okegahuele; ozehue.le,
I hear ; he went ; he looked ; he kept on looking,
omamioi ; osogiame, ^magimiawoxame ;
he did not see her ; Oh, my enemy, I don't see my wife ;
wiagalue ? " M " goleo ihegimieuhumiya ; ;mag;niie
what I go do ? " M " look ; at last I see Iya's head ; I don't see
ikw^le ; bohuqle olihona ; umamioi ?
her body ; where to look for it ? I find it now, you don't see it ?
mahimioi ; ihqgfmioi ; j,rhiele okegirhiegadeowa ;
We see it ; I have looked till I'm tired ; I take it. He took it home ;
biagaluhumu lya ? igalele ; igal^le
What shall I do with head of lya 1 I bury it ; when I go bury it,
gkpgti ainyo igaia l^le ; walaho wadogum ^dolqle ;
box of gin I take bury it ; I beg you follow me bury her ;
mahoi; magagwelele (ua) lya; bwaigal^leyi ?
we hear ; we go follow you bury lya ; What you go take bury her ?
^we, oxoxo, ekita, egwi, qmila noxwa. Vi^re naiagbum^lqle;
goat, fowl, dog, tortoise, cow big. Bring come follow me
bury ;
mahoi; axwe.magaltjle ? nk^gbe: wadogume(i)ri(n
we hear ; to-morrow we bury her ? he killed ; come follow me eat.
mahoi; j^nanavie ; akggi tota ; awagadainyn ;
we hear ; they wept ; they sat down ; they drank palm wine ;
anagairievei; anagairiewe ; anagaliawa; e^nihiaiiaiaiUjle
they ate kola ; they ate goat ; they ate dog ; all that they took
to bury her
EDO TEXTS. 7
anaga^rioi. "Asimwe"; "I" ihoi ; inaglline
they ate. " Save you " ; " Ay " I hear ; when they ate
gko givo ; jnag^lovie ; onaw& ; biagiluenabe ;
belly full ; they lay down ; he said ; What to do now ;
inan;gbawoxamina ; opiagarhie ; jgagiaginauhumu ;
they who killed this my wife ; I take cutlass ; I cut their heads off;
onagirhiopia ; Qnaiagagiaginawuhumu ; okegifo,
So he took cutlass he went cut their heads ; when he finished,
ogigeyOsalobwa ; Walu ? unagboma
he saw Osa ; What are you doing 1 you kill person
nQseniaii ; ;nakalumele ; bgzqnuwemaxamame ?
like that ; they first did it to me ; why did you not tell me ?
onawe : gegilue^le ; okqrhiebe ; okexi^le ;
he said : he would not do it again ; he took leaf ; he rubbed it ;
okeinieyinunu ; miyoleho ; onarhieumwenota ;
he squeezed it for mouth ; and ears ; he took small stick (whip);
Qnafinale ; onawinarhiore ; agavie,
he flogged them ; he said : let them wake ; when people sleep,
ario ; ^nanaekbaigbe ; onahumewoxwo ; bosi^zo
let them wake ; they got up ; he woke woman ; what brought
palaver
wanagboxwona ; ;nanawe : inanimiai ;
before you kill this woman ; they said : they begged her ;
omakwenia ; olinanagbe ; onanonoxwo :
she did not agree ; so they killed her ; he asked woman :
j,makwina ; onarhiexwaise ; onafiyo ; onawe ;
I don't agree for them ; he took ewaise ; he swore on it ; he said :
ewohoho i^egagi ; kokurhioxwokpa ; ;nafie ;
this whole town they can't mix take one woman ; they swore ;
onawewoxwo : w;r^gbe, gariejimi, ose
he said to woman : go back, go to fflimi, person
noyQlimire.
who goes to Elimi does not come (back).
EDO TEXTS.
III.
Emigaheme, novihenbuda, owe edenemi
Emigaheme, who was slave of Ehenbuda, said day that things
gahemenihomalu igawu. Edeni
tire me which our company do I go die. This day
ovjikpevene yaxame Ehenbuda, emiagmoxame.
he took four kola to go tell Ehenbuda, he was tired of the world.
Edenemigaheme nimasabalu igihomalue,
The day that I tire of a thing which I cannot do and my company
do it,
Ehenbuda uvievenena ; uviobame,
Ehenbuda take these four kola ; take together with me,.
naialuQmi ; igagmoxaino. Ehqnbuda
take do a thing (i.e., kill me) the world hates me. Ehenbuda
naxamezomo ; uwQgewqxarname ! bokahe ?
told Ezomo ; Look what he tells me ! "What 1
Owemihene nihomalu ; qvikpeveneme
He says he is tired for what his company does ; he takes four kola
for me ;
niviome, edenemigaihinoi nihomalu.
let him give them to me, the day he tires for what our company does
Ezqmonatiemigaheme : qnawugaseti ? Emigaheme.
Ezomo said to Emigaheme ; he said Can you ? Emigaheme.
Onawehe : onaweluseti deugasgti onawqle : iziga
He said Yes ; he said ; you can't if you can, he said, murderer
qrggbola ; yam were ; wasabamwQre ggigbaika ;
is in the bush ; bring him ; if you can bring him, he will tie beads ;
qnawglehoi ; onaxia ; Ogisowa Qnawiye ;
he said he heard ; he went ; He went home he said to mother ;
gekQnagiemtde. Gaxia ; uxia, tude.
look place they send me. Go. go, come back ;
Qnawehe. Elegare, ^gbeweriwe. Ixwegboygde
he said " yes." To-day I come, I kill goat for you. [If] Cutlass cuts
plantain tree
Qzunoli. Ukpogun, oyavame, omukwa,
spoils edge. Ukpogun, if it gets water, it throws it off
EDO TEXTS. 9
ohiekwa. Onamwewe, onagbe, gnadesagie,
it throws it away. She took goat, she killed it, she took its blood,
qkemwiuku ; onamune ; onagaxia ;
she put it in calabash ; she gave it to him ; he went ;
okedodinode wogj,sode, esagie
he came and reached road ; When he reached road, blood
okoiowopia qsamaiyigbe ; onagaxia ; ogim;ziga
he took rub cutlass, he threw for body ; he went ; he met murderer ;
onawedo ; onawigano ? Emigaheme ! onawedo
he said " Hail" ; he said " who is that " ? Emigaheme ! he said
doko, qwehe. Onawe tue/me Onawet^tua.
" do, friend," he said " yes." He said " salute me," he said I salute
(murderer) you.
Onarhielesago ; lare. Onagaxia, ogiseva,
He took him to bush house ; come He went, he got there,
onawe: tota, oketota. Onawuriemi ?
he said : sit down, he sat down. He said " You don't eat ? "
onawelegale ; onawe : naiaxwe ; onawehe ;
He said he would eat ; he said let us wash, he said yes ;
onagiseze, gagakaxwe ? Emigaheme ! owexwe ;
he reached river, who washes first ? Emigaheme ! he said : wash ;
miQvaxwe Qreli ni,gixwese ; onawehe ;
take soap it's long since I washed ; he said all right ;
qkegixwe, onamwevaxwe Qnamwen^zigana ;
when he washed, he took soap ; he took it gave to murderer ;
oyevaxwelalo egidegode ; onadefieze ;
he rubbed soap in his eyes he did not see ; he fell into river ;
onamweboto ; onagbai, onarhiegade ;
he put him down ; he tied him ; he took him away ;
ogisogo onawe udinya umag^le ?
when he reached bush house, he said you don't eat yams, don't you eat?
Umagirinya, axivie, axeka,
If you don't eat yams, pot of beads, pot of square beads,
axigo ; uk^dovio ; odaloli ;
pot of cowries ; you come take all ; he packed them ;
10
EDO TEXTS.
Inanagariedo ;
they went to Edo ;
agisieclo ;
when they reached Edo
\venq ; obanagj^re ; gnaw'
I have come ; when the king came ; he said
onawqmada :
he said to Omada :
Okpiaxu ;
You are a man ;
onawigalnese.
he said I go dash you.
one
•crocodile
orovia
in Ovia
Ezomo
Ezomo
yamwere.
bring it ;
nawe
L
said
gebeluelese ;
don't dash him ;
onawe
he said
Onawe :
He said
« M »
"M"
Onagjaxia ;
he went ;
onadinewa ;
he reached home
ogelomo ; ogematon ; obanavione ;
spear of brass, spear of iron, king gave him
onawqzjcrwe :
he told ferryman
egiohame ;
don't fear ;
dogwame ;
put me over ;
nonelidomu.
crocodile I come catch.
onarhieyoko ; lare ; onagade ;
ozigwenawe ohamume ;
ferryman said I fear ;
Ozigwenawehe,
Ferryman said " all right."
lako ; olako ;
he took canoe ; come ; he went ; go in canoe ; he went in canoe ;
ogwa ;
he put him across ;
ogenade,
when it came,
ogizQgwa ;
as he was crossing,
onasnoga ;
he threw his spear
onarhiogematofi ;
he took iron spear,
onawoz^gwe :
he said to ferryman :
onagaxia e^mi
he went to Elimi ;
gnaisiie.
he threw.
ilabwqle ;
I £0 to it
Qgisuroxoxo
he reached fowl gate,
onaiyokani,
he took corn,
gwenawegQgtyra ;
goat said don't pass
QkQg;snr^niila,
he reached cow gate,
niKisnrnke ;
he reached lame man's gate
qnagbyava ;
he passed there ;
oke.gQgone ;
he saw crocodile ;
onarhiogQlonio ;
he took brass spear ;
Onewadqze ;
It sank in river ;
onabwqlQgaxia ;
he went after it ;
QXQXQWggQgtyra ;
fowl said don't pass ;
okeisurQwe,
he reached goat gate,
qiiavjjamina ;
he took the peelings,
onagia ggqdeQmila ;
he gave plantains to cow ;
nkqid^ra ;
he passed ;
qnawqgbira ;
it said : pass ;
onawggQgbira ; onamweniana ;
he said don't pass ; he took the f ufu
EDO TEXTS. 11
<QnanawQgb;ra ; qnasogiy' Ehenbuda. Qnawele :
he said pass ; he reached mother of Edenbuda. She said :
Warie? Irielimi. Qnawji "M" Walalu ?
Whither ? I go to Elimi. She said " M " What go do ?
Iyamwone nisai ; owele ; ugamisi,
•I fetch crocodile that I shot, said he to her ; if you see it
uganole ; qnawiietinole ; onawoga,
•do you know it ; he said he knew it ; she said spear,
qnawagbejume orhue ; ainevaviogare
-«he said they rub it with camwood and chalk ; if they two bring the
spears,
rhiowumeni ; oluwiyanole ; onawenonenusai
•take the camwood one ; so you go know it ; she said the crocodile
that you spear
onawaiume(i)wele ekewonasue ; onawe ;
^she said with chalk they rub it in the place you shot it ; she said ;
agaleminwe, gele utegarie. Onawebe.
df they cook for you, don't eat till you go. He said " yes."
Oviegwiyeva Osalobwa ogawedjo-ue,
^She gave him two tortoises ; if Osa says kneel,
wagisegwasa, awadjgue.
when you reach Osa's palace, it is forbidden to kneel.
Onagaxia Elimi ; ogisQgwasa, Esukegj,mio,
He went to Elimi ; when he reached Osa's palace, when Esu saw him,
Esunawewarie. Otalamaisu ; Ilaniie Osalobwalo,
Esu said which way do you go. He said to Esu ; I go to see Osa's face,
yatamalosalobwa; yatamalolokun yati^leregume.
go tell Osa ; go tell Olokun ; go tell them come for me.
vOnagaxia; oketielere ; gnawelinare.
He went ; he told them come ; he said they are coming.
Onarhiegwe, onarhyoto ; qgirEhramoisa ;
He took tortoise, he put it on ground ; when Ehramoisa came ;
onawe : d^gwe ; onad^gwe niaigwe. Oisa :
he said : kneel : he knelt on the tortoise. Oisa :
12
EDO TEXTS.
wadolu ?
What do you come do ?
Onawehe ;
He said " all right " ;
Onawisuone ;
He said : I shot crocodile ;
gade;
come :
ogoba,
the king's own
olihosenia.
so I heard it
reached here
olQgino.
it is his
Onawehe. Onawe : waisue ? Ogqlomo,
He said : Yes. He said : how did you shoot it ? Spear of brass,
ogematnn.
spear of iron.
Ugamio,
If you see it,
Agarioga.
If they brought spear.
Inaviogare ;
They brought spears ;
Osalobwa wevio.
L
Osa said : take it.
wangle ?
do you know it ?
Ugangle ?
Do vou know it ?
viowewo.
take your own.
Iganole.
I know it..
Owehe.
He said yes.
Okeviogewo
He took his own.
Onaiakionere ; onawe ;
They brought cro2odiles : he said ;
muwewo ;
take vour own
erema;
it's not here
oiyorhue ;
it's marked with chalk ;
oiyume nwegbe, oniologome. Onamosalobwale.
with camwood on its body, that's mine. He showed it to Osa.
Osalobwa wegariowa ; wadowane wodalu ;
Osa said go home ; you meet the crocodile on the road ;
mwaxiagioba wedo. Alemang ;
take it go to king of Edo. They have cooked fufu ;
owine,le ; omufwa ; ulugseu,
he said he would not eat ; he threw it away ; thank yon,
nnawgrggbe. Og;dinogiyehenbuda : onawurenowime ;
he returned. When he met mother of Ehenbuda ; she said, you have
come, my son ;
onawehe ; nrigdola ? " E " ; Use,
he said yes ; are you going to Edo ? Yes ; I am poor,
r^" igako miwe rhiggiowime.
to take to my son.
osogiame, onawe
oh my enemy, [ she said
r'
Yes ; bring it.
'E" ; rhiQre. Onagbaloka ;
I give you parcel
lagbaloka ;
She tied the parcel ;
niiarhiene.
she gave it to him.
EDO TEXTS. 13
BhiQgehqnbuda; tamowime : usogbeme;
Take it give to Ehenbuda ; say to my son : I am poor ;
Qgimemirokpa. Onagaxia qnadoseze ; onatiozigwe ;
T have nothing. He went he reached river ; he said to ferryman;
dogwame ; qkqgigwa ; gzigwenawqle :
put me over ; when he put him over ; ferryman said :
onewo. Oruhumukqze ; dogole ;
where's the crocodile. It is on the top of the bank ; look at it ;
Qnadomone ; onagwaxia ; qnadogwaiyoto ; " iyel^mi ;
he took crocodile ; he crossed ; he reached land ; " I went to Elimi ;
ireneyewo"; oboxia. "E" onamwariedo.
I have come to this country " ; " Welcome." " E " he took it go to
Edo.
Onadodinedo ; iye welelowime,
He reached Edo [Benin City] ; mother said : welcome, my son,
qkwoigagbwe. onawe: xamoba, j[re;
war does not kill you. He said : tell the king, I come ;
qnaxamoba ; obanagade ; qnawedoko ;
they told king; king came; he said, "Hail, friend";
qnawegaluese. EzQmonawe gebeluwelese.
lie said, " I go dash you." Ezomo said : don't dash him.
Onawezomo : giahaime ; Onawe tiluelese omahese.
He said to Ezomo : be silent ; he said : I dash him but not yet.
Amigo oruhumokedo ; yamwere. Egixegbiraode,
Bull is on Okedo ; fetch it. If he does not let (you) pass
(the road)
mwere ; ihoi, j,xia. Onasowa iye awegieme,
bring it ; I hear, I go. He reached house ; mother they send me,
" aha," gaxia ; tuyo, tude. Ihoi. Yqgbovu
" aha," go ; you go, you come back. I hear. Go get bag of ovu
iku mugaxia; rhiume. Onagaxia; ogisewa,
and yam peelings ; take it go ; take salt. He went, he got there,
amigoigiagbirawode, qmiuku, omiovu ; gate]
when bull met him on road, he took yam peelings, he took ovu ; eat.
14 EDO TEXTS.
Onagale. Onagasie ; omwe,bevulii ; nnamwerecliedo.
it ate it. He pulled it ; he held the rope ; he brought it to Edo..
Ogisedo, onawouiada ; laho, tueyime ;
When 'he reached Edo ; he said to Omada ; I beg, salute him
for me ;
imwQre : xamoba ; domiemalo. " E " obanare : " Do ""
T bring it ; tell king ; come see my face. " E " king came ; " do."
umwere ? " Eo." Okwiauxi, onawe ; jgalu^se.
Do you bring it ? Yes. You are a man, he said ; I go dash you
Ezomo owegeluelese. omaise. Bqro ?
Ezomo said " Don't dash him. Not enough. ;: Why not ?'
Osege eha nosime ; QmaisenaiyaluQlqse ?
Tasks three which he does for me ; Not enough to dash for ?
Ategawalokpa arhievalekuzebudo
As they were speaking alone two men ran from Uzebu come
Ezomo lare ; grhe ogiqlowa ; Ezgmo lare. Onagaxia ;
Ezomo come ; lire burns your house ; Ezomo, come. He went ;
ogide erhegiowa. Onawe iwinaga eluona
when he came, fire burnt his house. He said : what can I do with
aihi ? Ulegawu ; onadefierbe ; EzQmonagio..
all this ? he said he would die ; he fell in fire ; Ezomo burnt.
Inawevanikaiv^re ekboneje aiiawagienaxamqba ;
Those two men who first came the time to-day ; they send them tell
king :
EzQmogyuwa. Bagagilue ? " M " Bggilue
Ezomo is burnt. What can I do ? " M " What did he do
nonagiwa ? Ezgmo gdowawagio ; egim^merokpa :
before he burnt ? Ezomo met his house burning ; I have nothing ;
etinegawawu ; onad^fierhe ; onagiwa : Emigaheme, lare ;
so he died ; he fell in fire ; he burnt ; Emigaheme come ;
kologaxia wogi Ezomo ; emila, Qwe, oxoxo, ukmqf)r
from to-day on you are Ezomo ; cattle, goats, fowls cloth,
inya, Uzebu, ake,ni, igaviq : valuwEzomagmg.
yams, Uzebu, ivory, I give ; to sacrifice to Ezomagma.
EDO TEXTS.
15
UliiQseu.
Thank you.
ukpQme ;
thank for me
Uze/buwaihia
All Uzebu thank
Qtgmewaihia
all relatives
ukpome iyeme,
for me ; my mother.
ukpQmoeme.
thank for me.
Qnadosggwai ;
he went to palace
qluqsewegbeme.
you do well for me.
lya
go
Onagaxia,.
He went,
Qbanaoi^viene,
King gave him beads,
qnainkpone, qkeyemilane, onaigmihiane ; qnawe, wagal^zomo.
cloth, cows, things of all sorts ; he said you " eat "
Ezomo.
Emigaheme
Emigaheme
okevigvene, ;
he took four kola ;
IIIa. [Second Version.]
nihomalu ;
[things tire me which our company does]
ovionoba ;
he gave it to the king
viqvename
hold this kola for me
aggviobameyaluqliini.
to take with me sacrifice to Elimi.
edQniabemiku ;
day I go look for dash ;
onadokpa ; obanawele ; onawezomo ; hoemi ;
He buys cock ; the king said ; he said Ezomo ; fine things ;
nowigbe nolnwe. Ezqmo onawelghe qnaweje
who is strong does it. Ezomo said all right ; he said
mw^zigare ;
bring murderer
okegaxia ;
he went :
yamw^zigare begbo ;
go bring murderer in forest
oseva ; orhievaxwe ; doxwe ; kaxwe ; okexwe ;
he got there ; he took soap ; come wash ; wash first; he washed;
dovexwowe, ^ziga ; onarhievaxwe ; okeyagaxwe ;
come wash yourself, murderer ; he took soap ; he went to wash ;
okegbalobo ; onarhiegarEdogioba ;
he tied his hands ; he took him to Edo to the king ;
onawe : nrenehi ? ^rene, ;
he said : You have come ? I have come ;
imwe uwqgbo. 0 ! okwiaxu.
I caught him ; I caught him inside bush. O ! you are a man.
Obanawe iyaluelqse ; Ezomo : omase ; onawQle
King said I go dash him ; Ezomo : not enough ; he said
qnamwin ;
he took rope
obanagade :
king came ;
imu;
16
EDO TEXTS.
yamu
go bring
one
crocodile
gume
to me
qkqmu, iku (inya)
he took it, yam shavings,
qkqmnmagaxia ;
he took f ufu and went ;
qkexwoka,
he went ; he picked corn,
inya ; okerhiema, wumwome ;
yams; he took fufu, he took soup ;
onaseze,
he reached river,
onadomie
he came and saw
okegade, onarhie
he came,
he took him
iyoko,
in canoe,
qkqgone,
he saw crocodile,
onaiaswone ;
he shot crocodile ;
aieveva
he took all two,
oiyaswone ;
he shot crocodile ;
ozigwe ; dogwame ;
ferryman ; put me over
okegagwe ; qwezigwe ;
he crossed river ; he said to ferryman ;
qkerhiqgelqmo, qgematqn ;
he took spear of brass, spear of iron ;
qkelegarielimi ;
he followed it, went to elimi;
ona, Emigaheme, qkelele dosuruqxqxq; qxqxq onawe,
he, Emigaheme, followed it, went to fowl gate ; fowl said,
geya; qkeiya oka; okeiya noxqxq ; onawe,
u don't go " ; he took corn ; he took it for fowl ; he said
gaxia ; qdosogewe; qkegwiku ;
go ; he came reached goat ; he took yam peelings ;
onawqwerhiene, gaxia. okegaxia;
he said, " goat take go." he went ;
qkqdosowuke ; qnarhiema ; rhiene ; gaxia ; tuxia ?
he came to lame man ; he took yams ; take ; go ; you go ?
tude ; qkedomieiyenome ; do, iye ; do, owime ;
you come back 1 he came saw old woman ; hail, mother ; hail, son ;
la lare, owime ; warie ; igiqlimi ;
gbira
pass,
iyanewe ;
took for goat
wane ;
walk come, son ; where do you go ; I go Eli)
miegwi
take tortoise ;
gqdigwe ; rhiggwi rhieyotn :
if they say " kneel," don't kneel ; take tortoise put it on ground ;
digweniale ; walalu ; iswone ;
kneel with it ; what are you going to do ; I shot crocodile ;
(£&, on it.)
qriqlimi ;
it went to Elimi
lxiaiyamu :
I go take it ;
qnaxia : qgegesu ;
he went ; he saw Esu ;
EDO TEXTS.
17
Esu
he
said
gie.dqgbe ;
let day break ;
Edegigbe
when day broke,
Igbagon,
Iffbagon,
wane i
where do you go ?
udomu ;
you come take ;
idomwone ;
I come take crocodile ;
bqgwqsalobua ;
in the house of Osalobua
ogiuwu,
kings of dead,
Ebohia,
all Eb£,
Olokun, Obiame, Ake Ovia,
Olokun, Obiame, Ake, Ovia,
Ehiaketota begwasa.
all sat down in Osa's house.
Osalobwa kedore ; wagilu ? madohemokpa
Osalobua
qlunanagade ;
so we come now
onawe
he said
what do you do ?
owime, bogixi ?
my son, what is it ?
qlagade ; qlinagabwelede ; idomwe
he came ; so I now go for him come ; I go take
waihianayiko. Mahoi ;
all you in the meeting. "We hear ;
ugalone ; ^galone ;
we come hear one word:
lswone
I shot crocodile
inawenitamuwa ;
I say tell you ;
agamwere ;
if they bring it;
alakiaza ;
you know crocodile
one wuli ;
crocodiles two hundred
I know crocodile ; they go open store room;
onawagome
he said mine
njsai
which I shot
ehiavenadia,
all came,
qrema ;
is not here ;
I go look my own ;
iyumewefqkpa ;
I put camwood on one side;
Osalobwowe ;
Osalobua said ;
muwewo :
-i '
take your own;
inaviqnenihinqre ;
they brought seven
crocodiles ;
izurhueyefqkpa ;
I put white chalk on one side ;
e^ko. Mawagione ;
" All right." We go send crocodile ;
gadeyuke ; walueseo ; qnagade ;
go to lame man ; 1 thank you all ; he went ;
qkedosowiyenqme ;
he came to old woman
lyenqme
old woman
qnawe
said:
lele
welcome
owime
my son
miokona rhiegi
take this parcel take it
qnarhiegariedo ;
he took it and went to Edo :
II.
Ehenbuda ;
to Ehenbuda ;
qgaladie,
he went,
rhionane ;
give it (him) ;
qnamwone ;
he took crocodile ;
C
18
EDO TEXTS.
onamwone
he took crocodile
gnamugie ;
they took it go ;
newohia ;
and gave (it) to all town ;
gkgsedo ; gnawe :
they reached Edo ; he said :
irene ; Ureng ? gbakggade ;
I have come ; You have come ? king came ; he
okwiaxu ; ^galuese ; Ezomowe :
you are a man ; I go dash you ; Ezomo said :
doggmigkpa nowelugioba.
go look one thing ; which you do for king.
wanmgigba ;
take to king ;
vaxamoba
go tell king
glgleko :
welcome, friend ;
geluese :
don't dash him ;
Amiggrokedo ;
A bull is on Okedo
yam were ; egixwedoyenvai.
go bring it ; he doesn't let Edo women go to
Enyai ;
gnawe
he said
ixia :
I so
gkesowa,
he went home
"M"
" M " :
Q-axia ; vamwere :
go ; bring it ;
Onarhiumeyodume ;
He took salt to beat it ;
oketameiiye :
he told his mother
okegaxia :
he went ;
qnamugaxia ;
he took it and went
lyenawe
mother said
qkerhieovu.
he took ovu.
gkemiamigo ;
he saw bull :
gnamune ;
he gave [ovu] to him ; the bull ate it ;
gnagade
it went
onarhiukbqli ;
he took a long piece ;
dosegwai ;
reach palace ;
oiiiiwe :
lie said :
],inwe ;
I cauo-ht it ;
imwerme :
I have brouo-ht it
gnasie ;
he drew it ;
watigbagume ;
call king for me ;
gnawe : okwiauxi ; jigalugse ; Olezomo
he said you are a man. I go dash you ; Ezomo
arhievanabwQlgdekuzgbude :
two men came running from Uzebu
lare ; onagaxia ;
come he went ; when he reached house
Qsogiame, bi^galuonahe :
Oh, my enemy ; what I go do with this ;
gmaiQse ;
not enough
lawa,
in your house,
gwaihiagig ;
all was burnt
fseti ; aiatamgba ;
I can't ; go tell king ;
gbanadore
king came
naladia :
gnawe erhe
they said tire
ggidinowa
onawr :
he said :
moi
he"
gdgiierhe ;
he fell into fire
he burned
EDO TEXTS. 10
Jbiekale, inakewirie Qgbe yatamoba : JJzQmQgiQ.
boys they went back to tell the king ; Ezomo is burnt.
Obanawe : ebe, ; aikbokbo ubumere ema
King said that's it ; don't trouble a person's head, not good
Emigaheme ; uwoligiamEzqmo ; onakpome ; oma ;
Emigaheme ; you I take as Ezomo ; he thanked ; persons ;
igo, ewe, emila, qxqxo, emi, ehia, ivie, ada,
cowries, goats, cattle, fowls, things, all sorts, beads, ada
ebQ ; QnaviQne ; okelegaxia ; wagagalezomagmo ;
eben ; he took and gave ; from to-day go you go " eat " Ezomagma ;
nQrjriri Ezomo, emila, ewe, qxqxq, agegavioyalue ;
whoever is Ezomo, cows, goats, fowls, people take sacrifice ;
Qmav^ore, Qgato
if they don't bring he can't last
QlegiliezQmo, norona dosele.
that is Ezomo, who lives till to-day.
wezQmo ;
for Ezomo ;
nenawe
he said ;
IV.
Igifiernido, ehrainabioi ; alegamueleni(inagahelene)2;
Igifiemido,1 his father begot him ; when they were going to choose
name ;
onawagemwelinino ; igatobolimueli (igalugbem^ne) ;
he said don't take name give me ; I choose name myself ;
Qnawegi wagetilue (batieninuwe) ? Onaw£ : inoleg^fiemido.
they said : what is your name ? he said : my name is Igifiemido.
Onakbaigbe ; onagariogiso. Ogisonawewatue ;
He stood up ; he went to Ogiso. Ogiso said : what is your name ?
Qnawenqli Igifiemido. Ogiso nawele : uwufiemido ;
he said his name was Igifiemido. Ogiso said to him, you say you
don't miss ;
1 I.e., I don't miss anything.
2 The words in brackets were substituted by another interpreter
with whom I revised the text.
c 2
20 EDO TEXTS.
gnawehele. Ogisonawele : edenedehinoli
he said to him " yes." Ogiso said to him : in seven days
dofimegi ; eminiogafi, ugasai,
come and shoot for me to see ; the thing you shoot at, if you shoot it,
onawe ; nigagwewaimiyeva ; onawumasai,
he said ; I will follow you divide thiugs in two ; he said if you don't hit,
i^bewanobira, igbewanobiye.
I kill your father's family, I kill your mother's family.
Onawelehoi. Onanagariowa : oketamirhai ;
He said : he heard. He went home ; he told his father ;
gketamiye ; olininagafiafiamo. i,uanawele ;
he told his mother ; so they were afraid. They said :
bagagiluqnahe ? j,nawele : omodaiixi ;
What we go do for this ? They said : you are a bad son ;
^nananmkpogo qkpainyugiame ; ^nanarieggbo ;
hey took cowries one bag and one ; they went to doctor ;
Qbokedobonina ; onawele, owasowa,.
doctor divined for them ; he said, when you get home,
nukaifeme, qkpainyQii ; okpanonioli,
peel arrows two hundred and one ; one that remains over two
hundred ;
oyebaxwekwoli ; ennyebaxwekwena
take parrot's feather ; the one you put parrot's feather in
Qlutikieke. Onanagariowa, ^nagisowa,
that you go shoot last. They went home, when they got home,
qnadokunhabo, okexlokaifQine gkpainyQli.
he came make bow, he made arrows two hundred and one.
Oledehino nadogba onamuhabole, gnaw^rhai
Seven days correct, he took his bow, he said to his father,
oriogiso. Erhai wiye jjiatiatTamo ;
he was going to Ogiso. Father and mother were afraid ;
Onasogiso, Ogiso Qkegpaihiaineygxa. Ogisonawele :
He reached Ogiso, Ogiso tied a bird on tree. Ogiso said :
gahianienqruxuniuxani ; ugasai
look at bird that is on top of that ocha ; if you hit
EDO TEXTS.
21
igweyagmeyeva ; ftmasai
I follow you divide things in two ; if you don't hit
igbewanQbira, ^gbewanobiye.
kill you whom your father bore, I kill you whom your mother bore.
Ouawelehoi. Onamuhabo ; onagafi ; onafifenmli ;
He said : he heard. He took his bow; he shot ; he shot two hundred
qkpadonyoli
one over two hundred
Qkeyavahiamewe.
he hit bird's breast.
onarhiele ;
he took it ;
Inawifeme
He and arrow
onakole, onafie ;
he aimed, he shot ;
jaiagacleoto jnawaso ;
fell down : thev shouted ;
jnawilikpiiiiiiiii. Erhai
they answer : e e e e. His father
Oliyenadefiohai ; erhai
So mother fell into pond ; his father
qiii'imiwigbqle.
does not see what kills him.
wiye
and mother
ahowowa.
hear at home.
owinewu ; okpia
said he would die ; a man
erhai
his father went and saw
okeiage
onawiyemewo ;
he said : where is my mother
gnawe
]Jrh;iike:nudia; oyanamwe ;
His father stood ; so they took him ;
ovielewuhumu. Inanadomesowa ;
his son on head. They bring him reach
house ;
inawiyedefiohai ;
; they say mother is fallen in pond ;
iniaziyino ; ol' Ogiso kegwewajyeva ;
he said, they must go take mother out ; so Ogiso shared his property
onaieniogweseraa.
he made him a new chief.
V.
Boebose owilenomodg sokmogene
Boebose said she did not marry husband except Ogene
onaku ; okedolema
he played ; she began to cook f ufu
okwelem^biekale qkweviewene. Boebosiye
she cooked f ufu for Ogene's boys she gave four kola. Boebose's
mother
onaiyatua ;
he went saluted her
22
EDO TEXTS.
gnawide
she said, " I don't come
grin vane, gnQrhietg gwedorierinya
gave yams, gave to roast called her to turn yams
mawSgene ; magaku ;
we, Ogene, we play ;
wagjgaku, udiemi ? Onaxwemmne
if you play, you don't want chop ? She said, " I am ashamed
mmawemedorierinya onarhiuwawa okerhiihio
you call me to turn the yams ; she took a pot
she went to river
ogizexwe
where she stayed washing
owime ; qnabwele
my daughter ; she went
onalaweze
she went into river
iye
her mother [said]
she took loofa
onagaxwe
she washed
imagimio
1 don't see
onawelaho
she said I beg;
Qnaweg^diowa
Bobose said I don't
come home :
laho
L
I beg
Me
I don't come.
Iye
Her mother
oweriegbe ;
said she was going back
Qgadiowa ; otamogene ;
she went home ; she told Ogene ;
laho yagarhielegume.
I beg you ; go, bring her to me.
onawe Boebose laho
he said : Boebose I beg you,
Ogene narewuweze
Ogene, come into the river ;
Boebose qkwqs qgenobo ;
Boebose caught Ogene by the arm ;
Boebose kfjdekoto ;
Boebose fell to the bottom ;
Qgidenyawalqkpa
As soon as he fell with her
Qge,ne gkqxie qzuzwebe ;
Ogene became a fish tin ;
owimewinede ;
my daughter says I don't come ;
Ogene ogisqze
Ogene Avhen he was at the river
larewowa.
come home.
Boeboseqwe
Boebose said :
Qgqne kilaize
Ogene went into the river ;
qkwesielaweze.
she pulled him into the river,
[caught]
Qgft&QkwQd enyale ;
Ogene fell on the top of her ;
Boebose okwexiehe, :
Boebose became a fish ;
bekwieke.
in the middle of her bark.
EDO TEXTS. 23
VI.
Ibi^keha ; ngdiongro : Imaiiemanemaxamqde ;
Three boys the head of them ; I eat fufu and have not got tired ;
nukpogieva, ImaluhenexaniQde ; nukpogiha,
the second, I have not copulated and got tired before ; the third,
Imavenexamede ; ;nakezoma
I have not wrestled and tired before ; they send a man
naxamogiso; maladotoi ; jinakemwegbe ;
to tell Ogiso ; we go salute him ; they then sit down still (silent)
Qkweyi,evewinagaxia ;nagj(seva
he gave them kola, they went out [with Ogiso] ; when they get there
inatamogiso tinadotoii Ogisokeyevenenina;
they tell Ogiso they salute him Ogiso gave them four kola ;
onanena wowagwalu ? okpanaladia Imavenexamede ;
he asked them what can you do ? one came out Imavenexamede ;
nogievaladia ; Imariemaxamede nogihaladia
the second came ; Imariemaxemede the third came
Imaluhexamede : Ogiso nawe lehoi ; okwevibiek uli,
Imaluhexamede ; Ogiso says he hears; he took boys two hundred,
okwevieyoto ; okwevibiekixwo uli ;
he made them sit down ; he took girls two hundred ;
Qkwevieyoto ; Qnalusugbema, uli
he made them sit down ; he cooked fufu mortars, two hundred ;
gnaleyoto ; Ogiso k^xa: Edomadogoiyaviogoi ^nanawe :
he put it down ; Ogiso said : each man take his own ; they said :
^nade : inanagadiole ; okutakpa oyeg;d^gbii ;
they come; they went into the town : stone one, [big, big], very big;
orole Imaluhenexamgde wemyekianyale
it was in the town ; Imaluhenexamede he took his penis knock
it [the stone]
okutakeva ; ImariemalQxamQde, gkweviokutale
stone in two ; Imariemalexamede, took stone, eat
Imavenexamqde okemakpanya eranqxwa ; gngrole ;
Imavenexamede took ankle knock tree big ; it was in the town
24 EDO TEXTS.
eranoxwakede ; Imariemanexamede qkwerhierale.
big tree fell ; Imariemanexamede took, picked tree up, ate it.
Imaluhenexamede okwevibiekixwo, qnarhiokpawq
Imaluhenexamede took the girls, took one of them
Qkerhiegboto, qnahuele; okwewu okeweriqkpa;
put her on ground, he had her ; she died ; he took one again ;
okewehuele, okwewu ; okwehuli :
he took her and had her, she died ; he took two hundred ;
ehiakewulo ; Ogisonatu; onawebiekada inaxi ;
all died ; Ogiso shouted ; he said, boys bad these are;
Imariemanexamede okwekoboiyema okwediefo kokmakuwawa
Imariemanexamede took fufu ; he ate finish, plate and pot
together
okwediefo ; Imavenexamede okwevibiekani qnarhieokpawq;
he ate it all ; Imavenexamede took boys those, he took one of
them ;
ogweve ; okemwegboto pkwewu ;
he took and wrestled ; he put him down then he died ;
okwemaihia ; ehiakewulo ; iyenome okere : onawe
he took all ; they all died ; an old woman went then ; she said
Imaluhenexamede doluhe ; iyenomekelovie ;
Imaluhenexamede come, have me ; old woman lay down ;
Imaluhenexamede onadenyale ; onahuek' ;
Imaluhenexamede fell on the top of her ; he had her ;
ogizehuele ekiakesoluxqn qnajegaluude
when he kept on copulating his penis reached navel he had her ;
rkiakrsnleho qnaiyegahuQie gkiak^ladiciwunu ;
penis reached throat he had her ; penis came in mouth ;
Osalobwa . kel.ulia giianena : boxi ? onawr :
Osalobua came he asked them : what is it 1 he said :
Imaluhenqxamqde ilohuiyennnie ;
Imaluhenexamede is having connection with old woman ;
Osalobwaonasie ^kiaihiuhere ; OsalobwQnarhiopia ;
Osalobua pulled penis from vulva out ; Osalobua took cutlass ;
EDO TEXTS. 25
gnaiya nj,kia; qkwegialeyoto xi,re xj,re ;
he went cut penis ; he cut it there on ground small small ;
qnagiauhe xj,re xj,re ; qnatiikwia ; qnawQdori;kia ;
he cut the vulva small small ; he called men ; he said : come take
penis ;
nokarhie, qniqrogaga onebie ;
first took it, he got continual erection he got no children ;
ikwianariikia ; qkwekoviexire ; amekerhn :
men took penis ; then remained a little ; rain falls then ;
qgbekiaiyole ; nogiyarhie niolekianown ;
it beats penis in the town ; who goes take he gets penis which dies ;
onatiixwo adoriuhe ; nokarhie
[Osa] called women " Come and take vulva " ; first took it
oniolabosa qnebie ixwonagariuhe,
she got atresia ; she bore no children ; women took the vulva,
okekoviexire ; amekerho ; ogboheyole ;
there remained a little ; rain fell then ; it beat it in the town ;
nogiyarhie, niogilagbite.
who takes it, she gets a rotten vulva.
VII.
Ibiekeha, erinawu ; inakedolele ; erina
Three boys; their father died ; they went buried him ; their faiher
emoxu. Inagileline jiiakegwalowuvweke ;
had no property. When they finished burial ? they saw hole in the
wall ;
i,nanamigeha ; inakedogale ; gdegigbe,
they saw three cowries ; they went and shared them ; when day broke,
nQdiouQrho okweriggoi ; Qgqrieki ; onaiyade
eldest of them took his own ; went to market ; he went to buy
emieki ; okweriadeyowa ; iniavenukpogieva,
agidi ; he bought and brought home ; they together, the second,
26 EDO TEXTS.
inakerioi ; Jnana mwebeli ; ^nanamunenexere ; yamufwa ;
they ate it ; they take leaf ; they give to small (one) ; go, throw it
away ;
nexeregisekyekowa, qkweraibe, ogoviexerewuwele ;
when small boy got back of house, he opened leaf, he saw small inside ;
olarhiile ; ^nanadegele ; jnanatiele ; okwegade ;
he took, ate it ; they watched him ; they called him ; he went ;
inanamwegboto ; ^nanagbe ; okwegavie ;
they put him on ground ; they beat him ; he began to cry ;
inakesolai ; qkweyalota ; onarhiogoigigo
they left him ; he went and sat down ; he took his own money ;
qnarbiegarieki ; ogiseki ; onaiademiowo ;
he took it and went to market ; when he got to market ; he bought meat ;
onarhiegadeowa; onadogiale qkwetietiqle ; wadorhiemiowo ;
he took it home ; he cut it he called his come and take
brothers ; meat ;
jnanagade ; ^nanatota j,nanarhiemiowo ; egwikqre,
they came ; they sat down took meat ; tortoise came,
egwinatota ; egwinagale, ag^riefo ; qgwinagariowa ;
tortoise sat down ; tortoise ate, agidi was done ; tortoise went home;
qnaiatamogiso, qnawebiekaneha, qwinagbohua ;
he went tell Ogiso, he said : " Three boys, he said, they killed
sheep ;
qwinagbele. Ogisonawe omata ? Ogisowadzqma
they killed and ate it," Ogiso said " Ts it true ? " Ogiso sent a person
yatinare ; ^nakgre ; Ogisonangna wagbohua ?
to go and call them ; they came ; Ogiso asked them " Did you kill
a sheep?"
XQdiQngrQ, owulemagbe ; nukpogieva
the eld&«st of them said, he did not kill it ; the second
owulemagbe ; nQXQre cmawelqgbe ;
said, he did not kill it ; the small one said he killed it ;
QnawQgwilgdioi OgisQ,naw£ amifjgwi : agemQgwi ;
he said tortoise ate it ; Ogiso said catch tortoise ; catch tortoise ;
(let them)
EDO TEXTS. 27
Qgwinawr : gnale.fioha, gnagaxia; gk^didqwo
tortoise said ; he was running to bush, he went ; he went to another
country
onawatiko ; gnawaclo ; owukosalexi
he said " Call meeting " ; he saluted them ; he said he was Oa's
messenger ;
Osalobwa w§do ; gweniedolole ewonaii ;
Osalobua says he salutes [you] ; he said let them look this country ;
onawe jnaiyuhi, ogwagainye
he said, let them make law, that if a man passes faeces,
ainyegbe ; qwunwegariQma, ai exwe ;
he does not strain ; he said when mosquitoes bite man, don't drive it
away ;
owagariema awaituehie ;
he said, when man chops fufu it is forbidden to draw in breath for
pepper ;
gnawe : wagalu^dion ogwa ? ewona wehe ;
he said ; when they sacrifice to Idion does it talk? country said " no" ;
Qiiawelaxwe ; waialema, niieyaluidion ;
he said "Day after to-moirow go cook fufu, let him cook sacrifice to
Idion ;
ewonawiuahoi ; onawewo wozukonino ;
country said they heard ; he said to country send messenger for him ;
leiyane ; legainy;gbe wagbelenoa ; lemainy jgbe ;
if he goes to stool ; if he strains kill him if he did not strain ;
walewukosalexi legariema
know he is Osa's messenger ; if he chops fufu,
negatwehie wagbi,lenwa
if he draws his breath for pepper, you must kill him
lematwehie wale ukuosalexi ;
if he does not draw breath for pepper know he is Osa's messenger ;
inakezQfioto le,le ; Qgiseva ;
they sent bush rat for him when he reached there ;
qnawelelane ; Qnad^gie ;
he said he was going to defalcate ; he squatted down ;
28 EDO TEXTS.
gnawgfioto ; gwako okpanorewona ?
he said to bush rat ; he said "ako (fruit) one is in Uiis country?"
lewo gfiotonawe; orho. Qkuexa ; gwakoni
It's in the country rat said ; it was. He spoke ; he said that ako
ggwogamo ; Qwogiwo ;
he said, when it gets seed ; he said it is brown ;
^rhieee
proper (secondary meaning, straining at stool ; onomatopoeic)
qkweyonine ; onagade ; ogisole :
he was able to pass faeces ; he went ; when he reached the town,
imwekegarioi ; gnawgfioto qwemilgkpa
mosquitoes bit him ; he said to bush rat he said " one cow
ngrewona ; of uafama ; Qxwoxwirna; Qnalawa ;
lives in this country ; it is white here ; black here"; he went home ;
gnatigfioto ; gnawelaho gnawetotn
he cad bush rat ; he said " I beg " he said " dig ground,"
garealuidioii ; qwinegasewane, gwine^itiidign;
go to Aluidion ; he said when he reached there, he said, when they
call idion ;
gwekwenie ; owinewole, newole,
he said " answer ;' ; he said let the country know, let the town know,
ukosalexi ? otioto nawehe, oliotonatoto
Osa's messenger he is ? rat said al' right, rat dug
ariggucd^on ; gnatotawa ; gkweri^ega ; grliieue,
go to Oguedion ; he sat down ; he took brass bells ; he took ami
gave ;
§wonadomema ; gnariguwMinn ; emad51ue ;
this town went took fufu ; went to Oguedion ; to sacrifice fufu ;
Qgwinati^dign ; Qfiotrj koxwonie; buwuvu ;
the tortoise called idion ; rat answered ; out of bole ;
gwonikegogo ; Qgwinamwema : jdigfimie ;
country was glad ; the tortoise took fufu ; idion take ;
ggwinaiiiwginiowo ; ^dignmie ; gnavigkwuvu
the tortoise took meat ; idion, take ; he put it inside hole
EDO TEXTS.
29
qfiotonarin ;
giiairiglowo ; egwinakba ;
gnagadie
rat took it ;
he took the meat ; tortoise got up ;
he went
ggisowa gnadogariemani; qngaieminowo ;
he reached home ; he went and ate the fufu ; he ate the meat ;
gnadinole ; gnawgwonekikoisa
he went to town ; he said to town he was not Oisa's messenger
ohogeleta; glale fiwoha; amagimioi.
he lied ; he ran inside bush ; they did not see him.
VIII.
Osaqbiomea ; Omexweha ; Osarhualu ;
Osa begot three children ; he married three wives ; Osa shut his eyes
[became blind]
Odeve;
he got big scrotum ;
gnaxwos^kpalo ;
he ran after a lizard
edgkpa
one day
Ugbogiulimi
Ugbogiulimi
osikpalonale Osalobwa
lizard ran Osalobua
wole ;
in the town
Qs^kpalcmalegbeiie ;
the lizard stayed with him ;
owegyughbogiulimigbinele ;
he said if Ugbogiulimi does not kill and eat him ;
Osanawehe
Osanameyiwukpgii
ohamegbe ;
was hungry
mudia
was standing
onawelabo ;
he said " I beg " ;
nihranwalo ;
let me open eyes
[of Osa] ;
Osanamudia
Osalobua said all right Osalobua put it in his cloth ; Osalobua stood
Ugbogiulimikewere
Ugbogiulimi came ;
nirihjle
lizard to eat (?) ;
Osaua . riowo ;
Osa went away ;
wagenokpa ;
look at one word
onawosa
he said to Osa
laho ; iQsikpalo
" I beg " ; let him take
n^lesieleve ; Osanawehe ;
let him dry scrotum ; Osa said all right ;
Qnativigle ;
he called his sons ;
onatiamole ;
he called his wives
Osikpalo lere ;
lizard ran came :
nugbogiulimi gegbino ;
let Ugbogiulimi not kill him ;
30
EDO TEXTS.
mesmeve ;
let him dry scrotum
wagwaio
talk :
uiehraiualo nQnarhiiwukmofi ; Ugbogiulimi kewere ;
let him open eyes so I put him for cloth ; Ugbogiulimi came then ;
onaweme laho nirhie Osikpalowile ;
he said to me " I beg ;' let him take lizard to eat ;
onawaniQle ; wagwayo ; iviele,
he said to wives : talk to it ; to his sons,
iviqlenawe ; urhalo ? elqmase ;
sons said ; you don't open eyes? that's better ;
amgle ; ugbeve ? elomase. onagie :
his wives : you don't kill scrotum ? that's better. He laughed ;
gnawe : domadogoi elosimi^goi emosimalo, ixwosimyekia ;
he said : each one save his own sons save eyes, wives save penis :
gnawoma gnazosikpalobo Qsikpalo Qkedorhalo :
he said " good " he dropped lizard lizard came and opened his eyes ;
Ugbogiulimi qkwqdosieve onaievalene :
Ugbogiulimi came and dried scrotum he gave to those two chop ;
Ugbogiulimi okwearie ; owaiyemi ngsikpalo ;
Ugbogiulimi went his way ; he gave something to lizard ;
Qkearie ; evase.
then he went ; there it reaches.
(i.e. finis)
IX.
Omeneli
Omeneli
WQXoxwona ;
was a girl ;
Qnaxamehrai :
she said to her father
ok^dosiwu :
she came and got marks
owunQlQmodo ;
she said she did not marry husband
Qgi,kpe atQlenekpea ; ukobakere
when it was finished they said three years ; king's messengers came
inanamwewe ; gte^m^nQli onaladia ;
they caught goat ; Omeneli's relative [brother] came ;
KDO TEXTS.
31
wagemu oxamukf)bawQdio ; ukqbanawegainyale ;
"don't catch it" he said to messengers so ; messengers said "Whose
is it?"
qnawe
he said
qgqmqnqli ; ukqbanawetiqlere ;
it is Omeneli's ; king's messengers said : call her to come ;
awoxawiQiiagarie qkwitielere ; OmqneH qnatwina ;
the boy went he called her to come ; Omeneli saluted them ;
inadqgeli j,nanarhunu ; Omeneli nawe
they looked at her they opened mouths ; Omeneli said
^nanawenahoi ; jnanasewelai ;
they said they heard ; they left the goat ;
;nanaxamqba i,nanawoxoxwo, qkpa,
they told king they said " a girl, one,
qmqsegbe ; oba ; yarhie ;
very fine " ; king ; go bring her \
obanawehe ; obanamwegbe
you take her and marry her ; king said all right ;
qnamwakpata ; qnamugegbe ; qnagaxia ;
he took akpata ; he took mirror ; he went ;
qnatnoi Omeneli oketuoi ; Omeneli qnarhiele
Omeneli then saluted him
wagemwewe
don't catch goat ;
jnanariedo ;
they went to Edo ;
ninamie ;
which they saw ;
urhielqme ;
king got ready
Qgiseva
when he got there
he saluted her
lawa ;
inside house ;
Qnakaoko ;
she filled pipe
Omeneli took him
mime ; Qnaiyeve ; me
take it ; she took kola ; four
qnaviqne ;
she gave to him ;
qnavievene ;
she gave him kola
;nana.aku ;
they played ;
qnakba ;
she got up
Qnamure ;
she brought them
qnavioyiba ;
he put it on seat -t
Omeneli, gnaialenia ;
Omeneli, went to cook yams ;
qnadatioi qba ; lare ;
she called to king ; come 'T
ne,
she
^nadorhiema ; qnawinele ; awoxani qnagavie
they came, took yams ; he said he would not eat ; the girl cried ;
qnamwema ;
she took the yams ;
qnagakpata ;
he played sansa ;
qnaimuhi ;
she put them away ;
awoxanikeagele ;
the girl then looked at him ;
j^nanagaku ;
they played -r
qbanakpa
the king got up-
32 EDO TEXTS.
onawuneriowa ; onawawoxani ; doswino ;
he said he was going home ; he said to girl ; come, lead him ;
Omeneli onawehe ; onagasue ; qgizesue :
Omeneli said all right ; she went ahead ; when she led him ;
oseze ; onawuneriowa ; evananiugegbe ;
he reached river ; she said she was going home ; there he took
mirror ;
gbanamugegbe ; onawemie ; gnagele ; onawele
king took mirror ; he said : take ; she looked at it ; he said to her
uniwadegowa ? Omeneli onawele degeli ;
you don't see house ? Omeneli said to him she saw it ;
onagasue ; qgizesue ; onawen-
she led the way ; when she led him [kept ahead], she said to him
iriowa ; Qbananamugegbe ; qnamune ; Omeneli
I go home ; king took mirror ; he gave (it) to her ; Omeneli
okegeli ; onawele ; umadegowa ?
looked at it ; he said to her ; you don't see the house ?
Omeneli onawele elohoge qnaiyegasue ;
Omeneli said to him, he did not lie she began to lead him on ;
qgizesue onawiniriowa onamugegbe ;
when she kept ahead she said to him : I go home he took mirror ;
onawemie, onagele, qnawele ; uniwadegowa ?
he said, take, she looked, he said to her ; you don't see the house ?
Omeneli onawelohogi ; onagasue, qdosuesedo ;
Omeneli said he did not lie ; she led him, she went led him reach
[to] Edo ;
qnarhiQlelawa ; OuiquqH qnagavie onarhiqle
he took her home ; Omeneli cried he took her
onamole ; ngkagwe ; gniogarhievale Qrhiine ;
he (gave her) to his wife ; first ; she took chop she gave to her ;
QwinoQli ; unagavie onagad.j okweuriwvle,
she said I don't eat ; she cried she got dry skin she said to her,
Qiowale, maiaxamgba ; Om^n^li gmarliienia,
mistress, we go tell the king ; Omeneli does not take fufu,
EDO TEXTS. 33
ggavie, qbanawe lehoi qtiqlere ; qkwere ;
she cries, king said he heard he told to come ; she came ;
qgiseva, qbakqgqle; qdoi; bemata;
when he was there, king looked at her ; she's dry ; true, true ;
mqbanaxamale gadie ; qnagadie qgisowa ;
king said tu her go ; she went when she got home ;
ehraiwiye inagQgQ 5 akqdolema ;
her father and mother they were glad ; they came and cooked fufu ;
inanamune ; qkwqle ; qdqg^gbe
they brought it and gave to her ; she ate it ; at daybreak
qhraideugbo iye qrieze ; lokpa
her father went to farm her mother went to river ; she alone
Qrowa ; onatota ; Qgiyage 5
was at home ; she sat down ; when she went to look ;
yagawoxqkpa ; ode ; ogisineva qnatuoi
went to look one boy ; he came ; when he got there he saluted
awoxani ; oviugwena ; qnasuawoxani obo
the girl ; he was a poor boy ; she took boy's hand
onakaokone ; onaiyeve ine ; ovione ;
she filled pipe and gave it ; she took kola four ; she gave to him
i,nana . aku ; onawuwe legalome ;
they copulated ; she said " You I am going to marry
axamawoxani awoxan^nawehe ; ;nana . aku ; iye
she told the boy the boy said all right ; they copulated ; mother
qkezere ; £nrai okugbore ; gnatamiye ;
came from river ; father came from farm ; she told mother ;
tamehrai ; awoxana, qlinegalqme ; inawehe ;
she told father ; boy, she said I marry him ; they said all right ;
qdegimu, qnawawoxani ; j^nalakbo ; Jnalovie ;
day dark, she said to boy ; they go to bed ; they slept ;
inana . aku ; edeg^gbe ; Jnaiyaxwe ;
they copulated ; at daybreak ; they went to wash ;
noxwoni qkwedia ; okwie use lawa ;
the girl menstruated ; she came home for five days
II. D
34
EDO TEXTS.
ogilawa gnawe iku ; gnagahame ;
when he was in the house she said I played ; she became pregnant ;
ogehame
when she became pregnant
gkwexi mawoxamia ;
she became the boy's wife
wagniQna.
for this world.
gkgdobie, okwia ;
she bore a child, male ;
gnilolamenolome
this is the wife that he married
X.
Okwigkpa, oviugweng,
Man one, poor man,
omamienggbgle
he saw no one to kill it for him
gkwedeve ;
had Eve (big scrotum) ;
gnaiyaliniigbo
he went to beg doctor
nqgbeleve ;
let him [to] kill his Eve ;
gwengmugiamqre ;
he said bring five shillings cowries ;
owineme, ; obonawegadie ; gnagavie, gnagarie,
he said he had not got it ; doctor said " go " ; he cried, he went,
gnakuhabo gnakaifeme uli ;
he took bow, he took arrows two hundred ;
gna . arioha ggisoha
ggisowa
when he got home
gnakwoli ;
he feathered them
he went to bush :
when he got to bush
ggofq ;
he saw a rat ;
ggisowa ;
gnasai ;
he shot it ;
gdotoi ;
gnamu
he took it
okeadioi :
gnagadiowa
he went home
evewefiane ;
when he got home ; he roasted it he ate it ; Eve said cut for him ;
qnaweve ; lggafianwe ugakpa bekilo ?
he said to Eve ; if he cut for you you come down from his penis ?
evenawehe ; Qnaweve ngfianwe ; adevjgbe
Eve said no ; he said to Eve : I don't cut for you ; at daybreak
gnagarioha ; ggisoha; ggbgtan ;
he went to bush ; when he got to bush ; he killed squirrel ;
qnaweve, miuhabo muyagbe nnawolio gnawe
he Baid to Eve, take bow take, kill he said "no" he said
EDO TEXTS. 35
ukeineno milagariggoi evenawe lolue;
"you ask him" when he ate his own Eve said he didn't mind him;
gkgmgtiii; gnagariowa ggisowa gtoi,
he took squirrel ; he went home when he got home he roasted it,
gkggarioi ; evenawgfiane; gnawgro ;
he ate it ; Eve said : cut for me ; he said there's no more ;
leveyagbeboha ; uwolai ; iQgigbe ;
he said to Eve, go, kill in bush ; " you don't go " ; when he killed ;
eba uwunefianwe adev^gbe onamuhabo;
" now " you said, " cut for you," at daybreak he took bow ;
Qvemie, yagbo tail evenawgh^ evenamuhabo
Eve, take go, kill it, come back ; Eve said all right Eve took bow
eveture bqkiale; evena . arioha; evegisoha,
Eve came down from his penis ; Eve went to bush ; when Eve got to bush,
yaguzo evesai uzolgle ; grie ;
he went and saw uzo Eve shot uzo ran ; he went ;
evenariuboiyunu; gnatu ; gna.adiowa;
Eve put hand to mouth ; he shouted ; he went home ;
ggisowa gtamokwiani ; gnagatiheve ^dggjgbe
when he got home he told man ; man cursed Eve at daybreak
gnaktuhabgmo gnawevexiamu gderio ;
man took bow he said to Eve he was going same day ;
evelaikiane: iamu naialugbafi ; gna.axia
Eve went to penis : go take let us go hunting ; he went
jnagiseva; oiyagbgtan ; akugsai gnaiamu;
when they got there ; he killed squirrel ; he shot it he went take it ;
mufigkbo ; ggizexia, oiyagaxiame gnasai
he put it for bag ; as he went, he went look bird he shot
gkweyamu gmufiekbo gna . axia oiyaggtan
he went take it put it in bag, he went saw squirrel
gtanhierha gnafie gsai ginehra
squirrel climbed tree ; he let fly he shot when he was the tree
gtanagbina gnaweve ukpalggbe bekino,
squirrel struggled ; he said to Eve you too big for his penis,
D 2
36 EDO TEXTS.
qgyinoi iyaxiuxumu ; ture niehieli ; evewehe
you don't let him climb up ; go down let him climb ; Eve said no
qnawelaho qtanyekagbe, kevahiame kewqna
he said : I beg squirrel that I first killed, and bird and this
legavionwe evenature qnaweve hiqle
he goes give you ; Eve came down he said to Eve climb it
oyamure ; evenawinenqlai ; qnaweve laho
go bring it ; Eve said he would not go ; he said to Eve I beg,
ugarene ; lesekbo, qniagamwefi noma egidegelue.
if you go he gave bag, he goes put you that man does not see you.
give ;
evewehe evenaihiqle oxumwerhani ; qgiseva,
Eve said all right Eve climbed up the tree ; when he got there,
oniQtan qmuf wa ; okwiani qnarhiuhabo
he took squirrel he threw it down ; the man took bow
qnaiasai evenagaitu ; qnavesai ifemulini
he shot Eve saluted ; he shot Eve the two hundred arrows
onaiasai ; qnamqtan ; qnagadiowa qgisowa
he teok, shot ; he took squirrel ; he went home when he got home
qnadotoi, qna . arioi ; qgidienq ; qnawineya ituqbo
he roasted it, he ate it ; when he finished it ; he said he was going
to salute doctor.
qgisowqbo qnawedo ; gekino ;
when he reached the doctor's house he saluted him ; look his penis ;
umievewp ? qbowehe ; qbonawqle
you see Eve anywhere ? doctor said no ; doctor said to him
gagbe ? qwinoi ; qtobole ; qbonawqle ;
who killed it ? he said he did ; himself ; doctor said to him ;
qgqgqnq ; onogadiowa qgisowa
he was glad for him ; he went home when he got home
onarhiopia ; qnariqkenqle ; Qgiseva ;
he took cutlass he went to that place ; when he got there ;
qtqlumu qweve osiamekwa ; Qnawehm
he looked up he said Eve is dropping water down ; he said "hm "
EDO TEXTS.
37
evemasetiagwa evekekaka; okwexiakilame
Eve can't talk Eve is dry ; it is ant's nest
qniogilokilame lamiewihra kgdogade.
this is ant's nest in same tree from that day.
umalemedewu.
story falls down dead.
qnawgno
he said " so "
iyeva ;
that was there
XL
Otan odied^novie ; qmwqrhurlmmu ;
Squirrel ate palm nut which was ripe ; he put his tail ;
inyaimiomavie ; novie, QXQtaii nqmavie
he got one that was not ripe ; the ripe one squirrel got the unripe
otan
squirrel
iyenome
old woman
qvqtari jikpediqkpa nig[ue] ulomoro ;
one squirrel got ; one palm nut [lived] in Ulomoro ;
gdiolifokpa ; uxqro odiolifokpa ; nokeli ;
ate part one ; uchoro ate one part ; what remained
qkwqrhiqli ;
took it ;
uli;
two hundred
ukpabo
the lamp oil
qdole ;
she cooked it ;
exQreli
the refuse
okexioi ;
she sold
ovukoli
fill two hundred calabashes
qnaziem
held the elephant ;
oiyadqvie,
took buy slave,
ovuwawa
till pots
qnikewu ;
elephant died ;
Oiyamiyoha.
she went took pledge.
Umalem^qdewu.
My story falls down dead.
XII.
Oxwqkpa tiel Ido ;
A woman was called Ido ;
owunelqmqdo ;
she said she did not marry a husband ;
ehrai tiel Omoza
her father was Omoza
j,vialamoha
the children of animals
38
EDO TEXTS.
uzoya qwmenqme,
uzo went, she said she did not marry
erhue, esi, ede,
eruhe, bush pig, hartebeest,
em ;
elephant ;
lkvvi ;
I don't agree
ohogota ;
"you lie";
ona . axia ;
owmQnome
she said she did not marry
udi onaweme,
palm tree said, I,
mana . anmye ;
they begged her ;
igaivo, memorhiQle ;
I will go, I take her ;
qnamwegbe ; okqdorhukmqii ; okezeto ;
he got ready ; he took cloth ; he did his hair ;
ogiseva onawido ;
he went ; when he got there he said to Ido
waiyamelu ?
What you take me do ?
umalomQme
" If you don't marry me ;
Onawe lgalomo ;
She said ; I will marry
qnarhiegarie ;
she took it and went
qnagarhiehi ;
he would keep her ;
onalalo ;
wedorhie ;
you, I come take ;
memelomuwe ?
" You marry me ? "
gegekpQlowa.
don't sweep house."
nigaiyowqkpolo ;
let me take broom,
sweep ;
onatota ; Qnaw£
she sat down ; he said
magerhie ; onavaiko ;
let them not take her ; he cut his belly
umaleinedewu.
igalQmo ;
" I marry you " ;
gegiriofigmQfi ;
don't eat palm oil ;
imQtiwafigmqh ;
I can't forbid oil ;
okedosowa ;
she went home ;
she went inside ; my story falls down dead.
XIII.
Em§r Ogiso em^nawe, otionewu ;
Monkey to Ogiso monkey said, his brother was dead ;
qnawOgiso, laho, ihiyalqlQ ; rhiekebeme ;
he said to Ogiso, I beg you, I go bury him ; give me rump ;
nirhiogoln yoto ; bwamebo (Esago) ;
let me put my tail down ; " go to servant, to my wife " ;
[*.e., Esago]
EDO TEXTS.
39
amgbow§ : bwoviugwQ ; Ogisowoviugwe :
ervant said : go to poor man ; Ogiso said to poor man :
oviugwe, laho ; tiekebeme
oor man, I beg you ; [monkey says] ; give me rump
nirhiogQlgnwe ; iyalQteme ; oviugwinawinehoi ;
let me give you my tail ; I go burying brother ; poor man said I
hear ;
gkqriogQlone noviugwe.
he gave his tail to poor man.
qnarhijne ;
he gave it to him ;
Qna . axia ;
he went ;
j^nana . alele. Esago onawoviugwe ;
Ogiseva ;
When he got there ; they buried him. Esago said to poor man ;
bqgj,lue ? onawogqlo, Q^^QgOJ J
What are you doing ? he said " tail, it hurt him ; "
Qnawaxamqmegade ; emenagade ; qk^sowa
he said " Tell monkey to come ; " monkey came ; when he got to the
house,
gnaw^woxi ?
he said " What is it ?
tagigieme, ;
they laugh at me ; "
Esago ; ihoi ;
"Esago": « I heir "
Khiekebemegume ;
[poor man] Bring my rump to me ;
gnawehe, dQmanogi,gio ?
he said " all right, who laughs at you ? "
onarhieke.be ;
he took rump
qnarhiyoto ;
he put down :
Qnamielogqlo ;
he took tail from him
Qk^xinya,
it turned into yams,
gnawengxmya ;
he [monkey] said turn into yams ;
[to tail]
qkedotoi ;
he roasted them ;
Qnawovmgwe ;
he said to poor man
Qxaguhumova. Esagonagade ; oviugwe, bog;lue ?
he said " you get fever." Esago came ; poor man, what are you
doing ]
uhumovile ;
" He gets a fever "
rhij,le
" take it and eat "
Egesago ;
Esago gets";
rhinyaname ;
" give me the yam " ;
gnarhiile ;
he took it and ate ;
nirhi^le ;
" I take it and eat it " ;
onawemQgolo,
[monkey] he said " tail,
onarhiekebe
he took rump
QnaviQnoviugwe ;
he gave it to poor man ;
40 EDO TEXTS.
onavieyeku ; qnawqsago : bog^lue ?
he put it for hips ; he [monkey] said to Esago : What are you doing?
onetqluhe ; onawagolqno ; onawehe ;
he scratches his rump ; he said his tail ; he said all right ;
qkewoviugwe qlomogolq ; xiamu ; ^nabogiso ;
then he said to poor man he has got tail ; go on ; they went to
Ogiso ;
qgiseva ; Ogisonawe bukmon ; qkedobukmqn ;
when they got there ; Ogiso said loose cloth ; he loosed his cloth ;
ogigoviugwe ; okbweroluhe
when he saw poor man ; he had no tail on his rump
qnawesago ; kwewomqgqlo ; Esagobukmqn ;
he said to Esago : " you said he had a tail " ; " Esago, loose cloth " ;
qkebukmqfi Qgi©egQlQl2> Ogisonawemwesago,
he loosed cloth when he saw his tail, Ogiso said " Take Esago,
muboto ; akefiai ;
put him on the ground " ; they cut him (his head off)
qnawoviugwe woigalesago ;
he said to poor man "Go eat Esago [take Esago's place"]
qnawehe ; qnaweatota qnaviemiesago ;
he said "no " ; he said " go, sit down " he took Esago's property ;
qnaviqnoviugwe ; umalemedewu.
he gave it to poor man ; story falls down dead.
XIV.
Oviugwe ; ehraibioi ; ehrjiimQmi ;
A poor man ; his father begot him ; his father got things ;
iyemqmi qgiriwa ; qkeyaniioniame ;
his mother got things he grew up ; he copulated another man's wife ;
nqnyanie, qwuhamwino ; Qginqnole, ehraigiwu
who got the wife, said he feared ; he did not ask, his father died
iyewu ; okwqlqle ; olqhrai ;
and his mother ; he buried them ; he buried his father ;
EDO TEXTS.
41
nqmiqlame ; qnadonoole ; qfeyogihrai ;
who owned wife ; he came and asked him ; property of his father;
efeogiye ;
property of his mother ;
qgimiewale \lq ;
he did not see food to eat
qnagaviq
he cried :
qnarhiopia
he took cutlass
nkweyaxale ;
he took it and settled palaver ;
qmiukmqn yahiqgbe ;
he did not see cloth to cover body ;
ona . arioha. Ogisoha
went to bash. When he sot to bush
ofiri,
he cut rope,
qdqle, ^
he tied it,
qnahiqle
he climbed it
oduxumu ;
up above ;
owinelawu ; orhieyurhu ; Q,g°t2>
he said he wanted to die ; put it round neck ; he looked at ground,
qiyagosalobwa ; Osalobwanawe : ture ; wolue ;
he looked at Osa ; Osalobua said : come down ; what are you
doing?"
Iqmemi kqti, ogamemi. Osalobwa qnagierha,
" He had nothing " "stop, he gets things." Osalobua cut wood,
ihino, x;re, x^re,
seven, small, small,
qminndqge ; qgalofe Q^igye> ogalotan
thing you look ; it will be rat when he shoots, it will be squirrel
Qfigye qnawehe ; qnagadie ; qxiqxire ;
when he shoots he said "all right" ; he went ; he went a little
way
qna . axia
he went on
qnaviqne
he gave to him
qnawele ;
he said to him ;
yagofe ;
and saw a rat;
yagotin ;
and saw squirrel
ona . axia ;
he went on ;
9%ye
when he shot
qrhiqkpawo ;
he took one ;
qmavale ;
he didn't hit
Qfigye ;
when he shot
qxiqxire ;
he went small small
qmavale ;
he missed ;
oiyagofioto ;
and saw bush rat ;
Q%ye> qmavale
okwikerhene
wobqli ;
when he shot, he missed ; there remained four sticks in his hand ;
qnagaxia ;
he went on
qxiqxire ;
lie went small small
oiyagerqkpa ;
and looked at one tree ;
42 EDO TEXTS.
Qxwe gwakoto ; gmaiyg ;
a parrot was climbing from the ground ; it stopped on the tree ;
yasumwele ; onarhierha ; Qfiy£> omavale ;
it reached the top ; he took sticks ; he threw, he missed ;
gnarhigkpa Qfiyo omavale ; gnarhigkpa gfiyo ;
he took one he shot he missed ; he took one he shot ;
gmavale ; okwekokpa gnarhigkpa ; onafie odegbehra ;
he missed ; there remained one he took one ; he shot he hit tree;
erhadegboto ; oxwehia ; gwulo ; onamoxwe ;
tree fell down ; parrot and all ; he died ; he took parrot ;
Qnawoliga ; gmgxwefwa ; gxwehia,
he picked feathers ; he threw parrot away ; all the parrot,
o wololiga gvigxwgfua ; gnafiebe
he picked all feathers ; he threw parrot away ; he cut leaf
gnowe ; onagbaloi ; igani nnamu
he opened one ; he tied them ; the feathers he took the
gna . arie gnaggggo ; ggisowa gnagadiggake ;
he went he was glad ; when he got home he went to Ake house ;
gnawake clode qbaxwe ; Akewehe
he said to Ake come buy red feathers ; Ake said all right
grhiise ; ovionake ; gnavieweva ; akeyahale ;
he took five ; he gave to Ake ; he took two goats ; Ake took to pay ;
onakba onarigxwaihe ; gnawedodeba ;
he got up he went to Ochuaihe ; he said come buy red feathers ;
Oxwaihewehe gnavise, gvignoxwaihe ; Oxwaihe
Ochuaie said " yes " he took five, he gave to Ochuaie ; Ochuaie
gnavigbe ; ise gnaiyahale ; gnakba ;
gave pieces of cloth ; five he took to pay ; he stood up ;
gnarigovia ; gnagovia dodebaxwe ;
he went to Ovia's ; he said to Ovia come buy parrot's feathers ;
Ovianawehe ; Ovianangle inung ? gnawgbu ;
Ovia said " yes " ; Ovia asked him " how much ?" he said " much " ;
Ovianawgkai ; gnakai ; gkegale ululiwieva ;
Ovia said "count it"'; he counted; when he counted it four hundred
and two ;
EDO TEXTS. 43
Ovianawe ; wahowo ? qwelewcmia,
Ovia said ; " What do you want for it ? " he said he wanted person,
lQWQmila ; ewivig ; I^wqxqxq ;
he wanted cow ; he wanted beads ; he wanted fowls ;
Ovianawehe ; Ovigviomaise ; Oviemilise ;
Ovia said, all right ; Ovia took five persons ; took cows, five ;
•Qmurivie, ise ; oxoxf), ise ; Ovianavione Qnavio
beads, five ; fowls, five ; Ovia gave them he gave them
•gna . adie. Ogisowa, qdobowa ;
he went. When he got home, he went and built house ;
qnaxigdafe ; Ovianaviebaxwe ; qnamunyahumu
he became a rich man ; Ovia took red feathers ; put them on his head
Qniogile OviaiamwQgbe ; riagmQil ; umalemedewu.
that is what Ovia took to dress ; in this world ; story falls down
dead.
XV.
Osiokwowagmqii ; osiokwokwoelimi ; Qsiqgoi ;
Smoker in this world ; smoker in elimi ; each smoked his own ;
qmofiegbo ; qkwexiogo ; Qsiokwonagmqn ;
he put it in bush ; it was a clearing (farm) ; he smoked in this world ;
qsiogoi ; QmokwQgbo ; qxeogo.
•each his own ; he put it in bush ; it was a farm.
XVI.
Omawu begbema aisame axwole,
When a man dies in our family we fetch water to wash him
^vaxwe ihio uwawa ggqgmo aiaxwoli ;
soap loofah pot new to take wash him ;
agijolukmofi ; ag^rhiukmon nofwaiio ; ewogmQ
we_tie him with cloth ; we can take white cloth ; a new mat ;
44
EDO TEXTS.
aviowaiukbo ;
we put it for bed ;
aidomolimiyo ;
we put it on the body ;
aginema ;
we cook f uf u :
agifioto
we dig ground
aiyaneli ; agafiosisi.
we give to chop, we fire guns.
aigjkugalimi ailema
we dance round the body we cook fufu
aiyaluwelowe ; ota wowie, edehino ;
we take sacrifice to feet ; in evening and morning seven days ;
qgagba, aiyaiioisi, buhumuge. aigakn ikeva
(seven days) gone, we fire gun, at road boundary. We dance from
agimweyo ;
we put it in ;
agifioisi
When we fire guns
gade dosunurhu
come reach gate ;
amorhoioto,
we put chalk down,
aikeva
from there
iviurhue
draw chalk
there
ariowa
into the house
asegoyo, aialema aiyalue
we put cowries, we cook fufu we sacrifice
aigatiejehrama. Agaluwelowe, arhigwgkpa yoto.
we call it our father. When we sacrifice to feet, we put one knee on
ground.
Egugkpa yoto magwa ; agarhieyoto,
To kneel on one knee we forbid ; when we put it down,
maig^diQmi; magadioi evale, ^kggafiemale ; aiyawafo,
we don't eat ; if we chop food, belly bites us ; we take afo,
aiyakunu, Qgi^°-
we take it in mouth, that's all.
XVII.
Ahiame Qrhumoyi, aliiame odotu ; Erhumoyi
Bird plantain eater, bird went and saluted him ; Erhumoyi
naxamale kaxwe gaxia ;
said to him from to-morrow go ;
edehino ; nokawu agmnfimioi ; ahiame wehe* ;
seven days who first dies world sees him ; bird said all right ;
mainniii
we don't eat anything
EDO TEXTS. 45
^dgg^gbe ErhumoyiQtota ; gmari;mi ahiame onariugbo
at dawn Erhumoyi sat down ; got no chop bird went to farm
oisugbo qnariehie, ; onadiowa edeg^gbe
when he got to farm he ate pepper ; he went home at dawn
o.kweriehie, ; edQgbqdQgbe edehino okw^riehie, ;
he ate pepper ; every day seven days he ate pepper ;
Qmawu. Erhumoyi ohamogbe, ; qkewu, qkeke
he did not die. Erhumoyi was hungry ; he died, he rotted
wuhe ; ahiame Qnakba ona.axia ogiseva
in his rump ; bird got up went when he got there
Erhumoyiwu gnagele ; Qkeke ; qnagye ;
Erhumoyi was dead he looked at him ; he was rotten ; he laughed ;
Qnawerhumoyi elokwia gnariowa ;
he said to Erhumoyi he was not a man he went home ;
Qgisowa, Qnatiko ; ewokere ; Qnatamina
when he got home, he called meeting ; town came ; he told them
qrhumoyiwu ; inananqle ; ^Qgbe ? "
Erhumoyi was dead ; they asked him ; " Who killed him ?"
Qwgmarievole, eriqnawu ; inananqle : newo ?
he said he ate no chop, so he died ; they asked : " Where is he ? "
Qwokeke ; inanatihene ; kedogade Qihumoyi
he said u rotten" ; they abused him; from that day on Erhumoyi
ele, axwe qke^ke.
if he dies to-day, to morrow is rotten.
XVIII.
Oisa, ugbo, owe ; Osawe ; ugbona, at-Qgbugbona,
Osa, farm, farmer; Osasaid; the farm, till I finish this farm,
agqgwi ; riomomQ, gerhioviqlere ;
don't make palaver ; who gets a child, don't bring his son ;
oweowunehoi ; onaw Osalobwa wagarhoimobgre ;
farmer said he heard ; he said to Osa don't bring small
children :
46 EDO TEXTS.
aggginya ; §gw& 5 Osa ggwane edekgn ;
don't look at yams ; plant (yams) ; Osa planted yams on rest day r
owe qnariugbo ; gnaiawinyawoto ;
farmer went to farm ; lie went took yams from ground ;
gnale ; gnakedglowgle gwe gnawosalobwa :
he cooked them ; he planted them back fanner said to Osalobua :
aiginya ; ggawone, agagglg ;
let them not look yams ; when they are strong, we can look at it 'y
gtielene nakiahino ; iny Osalobwa gmazo ;
he said in seven moons ; Osa's yams did not grow y.
gnagele : inyokeke ; Osalobwa nawowe inyingkeke ;
he looked them : yam, rotten ; Osa said to farmer the yams rotten ;:
owe gwgma uxale : wgmobogere ugbo ;
farmer all right you said : don't bring small child to farm ;
uxale : gmobogare, agbenutu ; gli enagwa
you said : if small child came, we kill it for utu ; so he said
noginya, inyatewo ; utuagagbgna ;
who looks yams, till yams strong ; we kill him for utu ;
owenafiximi ; mobaiyoto ; Osalobwa
the farmer [went to] cut iximi ; he put it for ground ; Osa
lare, leho ninegboelutu ; Osalobwa nawehe ;
come, he wants to kill him for utu ; Osalobua said " no " ;
Xiamu; aiyataingwo ; glinana . ariowa ; inagisowa
go on ; go tell the country ; so they went home ; when they got
home,
inatiko, gwokere, Osalobwa gnatam^wo
they called meeting, country came, Osalubua said tell country
inyalemazg: glinglagele owe gkggwa ; Osalobwa
his yams did not grow ; so he looked it farmer spoke ; Osalobua
gxamino gmobogariugbo nggbenutu ;
said to him if they bring small child for farm let him-kill it for utu :
gningnaxamoisa ; agaginya n^gbenutu ;
so he said : tell Osa ; if we look yams let us be killed for utu ;
lggide ; Osaginya ; oiyenafiximi gnarbieba ;
he came ; Osa looked yams ; so he cut iximi he put it upright ;
EDO TEXTS.
47
Qwonaxa :
country said :
niQgbQimtu ;
let (me) kill (him) for utu ;
Qwe : laho, ke,ti ; kQlegalai,
he said : I beg, stop ; from to-day on,.
aiyalutu ; qmobogaiyugbo,
sacrifice to utu ; if you take child to farm,
Qnawosagade ;
he said to Osa, come ;
Osa umaluQse ;
Osa you did wrong ;
walema,
if you cook fufu,
agaginya ; okedogade ; ngmgrnobo, ogarhieyugbo ;.
look yams ; from that day on ; who gets children, can take them to-
farm ;
ninyalemazo
whose yams don't grow
qgagele.
can look them.
XIX.
Oviugwe
A poor woman
qleriagmQ ;
she was going to the world ;
Osa owinehoi ;
onawQrhai ;
said to her father ;
Qwoisa ;
said to Oisa ;:
agmqfiierienalQgafe ?
world which she was going to, she
would reach ?
qwinggidQviQ ;
Osa Qnawe :
Osa said all right ; she said she would buy a slave ; Osa said :
eninuewo ? qnawigogboya ; Osalobwa qnawe . axia ;.
your name what ? She said : " Igogboya " Osalobua said " go " ;
qlqna . ariagmq qnaxa : Qviq, ninegadQ,
so she went to the world she said ; slaves, which she would buy,
qkpainyoli
lggaviQleyi ; qlediuagmq
;gwe,
in villages, two hundred and one she would put ; she came to the
world ;
akebioi ; qkwenwa onadosiiQki ;
some one bore her ; she grew she began to trade in market ;
qnado[a]dqvie ; qkweabigwqkpainyQii ;
she came buy slaves ; she put them in two hundred and one villages ;
48
EDO TEXTS.
qbwjgwqkpainyoli qmag;bie,
when she put them in two hundred and one villages ; when she had no
children ;
qnakbaigbe qnayaboio ; qnawesokwoiyaqbo ;
she got up she went to divine ; he said the only thing [is] you go
to doctor ;
nqbo rhiele
let doctor take you
qbonarhiele ;
the doctor took her ;
nemabie
she had no children
ariOsalobwa ;
to go to Osalobua ;
gariewosalobua ;
to go to Osalobua ;
Osalobwanawele
Osalobua said to her
okedinqvqbo ;
so she went to doctor ;
qnawosalobwa :
she said to Osalobua :
go home ;
agbemilalehi ;
kill cow for Ehi ;
Omqbe, qnawomqbqna ;
Omobe, he said, it is Omobe ;
qnawemivwonalu ; qwesokworhiqninioi
he said, things won't please his eye ; she said just give him to me
qgasowa,
when she got home
qnawqmqkpa
he said : one son
noialuehiqle
let her sacrifice to Ehi
qgike,
Osalobwanawegaxia ;
Osalobua said : go ;
edinOsalobwarhiene ;
palm nut Osa gave her
qgisowadoxwe ;
qgisuwagmqriuwelimi ;
when she got half way between earth and
heaven ;
qkerhiije ;
she ate it ;
qgixwena
when she got home, she washed ; when she washed
qkedia ;
she menstruated ;
qnawqdqle :
she said to her
husband :
domiqgbe ; qkedowahama ; qkqdobie ;
come take body ; then she became pregnant ; she bore child ;
qgigqmqbena ; omonikedonwa : qk^dosiwu
she saw [it was] Omobe ; that child grew up ; he got marks
qkedose nqlqmame ;
he was old enough to marry wife
norbioxwone ;
to give him woman ;
lqkqdosiyelai ;
he left his mother :
lyena
his mother said
Qkeariole ;
he went out ;
qnawiye
he said to mother
wqmiiise ;
" You are not grown yet" ;
qkweyatuiy^nagmqn ;
he went salute his mistress ;
EDO TEXTS.
49
inakqdoleljjeaiiowa ;
they ran follow him home ;
iyenunemairhioxworie ;
his mother said she did not give woman
to him :
iyekedolawa ;
mother went inside
qkedovikwehino ;
she took seven women
onawiyomase ;
he said to mother not enough ;
okqdovione ; qnawinehoi
she gave to him ; he said " all right
okedoviqne ;
she gave to him
iyekedoviixwigbe ;
mother gave him ten women
iyenawe tobole lairhie ;
mother said he must go take for himself ;
qnawelemamioxwo noyole ;
he said he did not see woman that he liked
onawiyomase ;
he said to mother not
enough ;
ugbenogelarhie
when he wanted to take
gnawinelo
he said he thought
giyene
his mother
>lines:arhielome.
he would take and marry
Osalobwa onawinekwi ;
Osalobua said he did not agree
qnawosalobwa ;
he said to Osalobua
qnawqmoihwiye ;
he said child does not copulate
mother ;
iye legawarhie ; Osalobwa-
mother he would take ; Osalobua
lowatielimirhiare ;
said " Call dead people come
niamokagmqnre ;
which they bring from world '
elimi. nawinahoi ;
heaven said they heard ;
onaw Osalobua ;
he said to Osalobua :
onawina do«ririwuio
he said : "they come look work
qlekqnadogba onawinobohiole ;
so they met he said to them settle
the matter ;
qmoiliwiye ;
child does not copulate mother ;
qnawiyenqgarhie ;
said, mother which he
lie
elimi nawoviele
dead people said her son
qxiowuxo ;
was he goat ;
oxiodegbe ; onawewowoxo oligamwiye ;
is she goat ; he said he goat can copulate mother
qlqgenoxiqwuxo oliyegenaxiodegbe ;
he was he goat, his mother was she goat
II.
took ;
manawiye
they say mother
okedogade
; from that day
qlo boxo giiia mwiye
so he goat copulates
mother ;
E
50 EDO TEXTS.
QlOsalobwaginaxaimeyo ; j^gomogadolegbe wiye ;
so Osalobua cursed for it ; children don't copulate mother ;
glowoxogina qlqginaxwiye.
so he goat copulates mother.
XX.
Ewale, Osalobwa, qnawe, adeagmofi; onawenadqriqba
Ewale, Osalobua, he said, go to the world ; he said go and
be king
onawinerioba ; qwinoyudo ;
he said he would not be king ; he said he made Udo ;
owinoyagbo ; qnawinegilai qnawinehoi ;
he said he made Agbo ; he said he would not go [Os a] said "I hear" ;
qkedorhivie ; qnadorhieaerhieine ; qnawenornuyurhu ;
he took beads ; he gave them to him to hold ; he said put them on
your neck ;
qkedosaiyurhu ; qnawinegakiewa
he put them on his neck ; he said when he brought Ewa (Otu for Osa)
owerhiegade owowiowie ;nakiewa Qnawinehoi
he said bring it every morning they bring Ewa he said he heard
Osalobwanazqma ; qkedorhiaba ; ag^tienakia ;
Osalobua sent a man ; he took a nail ; when he counted three months ;
qriarhiaba qnarhiqso ; qnawqtogavie,
he took the staple he put it in ground ; he said "he will sleep"
qg;viene ; QnawaiamiQUvigrhiegyQ
when he slept ; he said (to another) go briug beads for me
jnakedoseva ^nakedofialiviewurhu
when they got there they cut the beads from his neck
akedorhiqgyosa ; qdeke/lqgbe ; Osalobwanawevatiqlere,
they brought them to Osa ; day broke Osalobua said : go call
him come,
qnawqrliiviere qriyoborhamurhu qmagjjnivie
he said bring beads he took hand touch his neck he did not find bead
EDO TEXTS. 51
qnawaxaniosalobwa neniamivie ; qnawqriegirio
he said tell Osalobua he did not see beads ; he (messenger) said
bring it to him
QiiawedQmamierhi;ri, qnawqdowuyo
he said if he did not see them to bring, he said come, die for it
qnawalimiaine ; Qnawelaho ; Osalobwanawinekwi
he said beg him for him ; he said " I beg"; Osalobua said he did not
(Osa) agree
qnawe, avelimieqmaime ; qnawenekwe
he said, he can beg thing of a person ; he said he did not agree
onawesokwadowu
he said the only thing to do was that he must come and die
qnawevemigj[mianie, qnawqnemaguagmqna
he said if a thing is not hard, he said he would not send him to this
world
onawumawulai qnawetininagagiyu
he said " you didn't say you would go " he said he would go
(Osa) (Ewale)
Osalobwanawinegikwi qnawainiminiinianie ninagariagmqii
Osslobua said he did not he said beg for me let me go to the
agree world
Osalobwanawinehoi qnawedogaxia qnawuasagmoii
Osalobua said he heard he said " go " he said " if you reach
world"
onaweyadoleyi qnawinehoi
he said " go make them better " he said " he heard "
qnaweagegboxwohame qnawe gegbowe
he said " don't kill pregnant woman " he said " don't kill farmer ::
Qnawinehoi ; qnawele, qnagade, qkedodinagmqii ;
he said "he heard" ; he said, he was coming then he went to world ;
ugbenagidinagmqne, qkedo niwqwere, okedogbe
when he got to the world, he brought farmer he killed him
Osalobwanagagwi ; qkedomwoxwohamere, qkedogbe ;
Osalobua made palaver he brought pregnant woman he killed her;
Osalobwanawawa ; qkedogbohebo. Osalobwanawawa ;
Osalobua said he forbad ; he killed priest. Osalobua said he forbad ;
E 2
52 EDO TEXTS.
qkedqgbodiqn, Osalobwanawawa ; qnawinehoi ;
he killed headman, Osalobua said he forbad ; he said " he heard " ;
qkedogiesu qnaweyatielire ; ekenaluehrai ;
he sent Esu he said go call him come ; place to sacrifice to his
father ;
evaaisunadotiele ; qkedowu ; onadodinoielimi ;
there Esu met and called him ; he died ; he came reached heaven ;
Osalobwanawelemaxamale ; gegbowele, gegbohebo,
Osalobua said : did he not tell him ; don't kill farmer, don't kill priest,
gegbqbo ; gegawa ; qnawOsalobwanemagye ;
don't kill doctor ; it is forbidden ; he said to Osalobua, he did not
remember ;
Osalobwanawehe qnaweyaxiogeye ; gnaiaxiale ;
Osalobua said " all right" he said, go be crooked ; he went be it ;
ugbeneg^xiqlene ; Osalobwakedotilieyo ugbenogitiheyone
when he was it ; Osalobua swore for it when he had cursed it
qnawekelegalai qgoieniokelogiluke
he said from to-day on (Ewale) should go lame
elagilagboxwami elagilagbqdiqn
so that they did not kill pregnant woman so that they did not kill
headman
agagbqdiqfi, agagbqlewe agboxwameweko
if they kill headman, they kill goat if they kill pregnant woman
and her belly (child)
izuemure adoloto ;
let them bring two hundred things to sacrifice to Aluoto :
onawagegbqbo ; qlosalobwanaxameyo ;
he said don't kill doctor ; so Osalobua cursed for it :
qnawusiemulino agiyagad^lol g
he said there are two hundred things to sacrifice to Aluoto
qkodogalai ; QlagiaagedolQgbQlue olaginawa.
from to-day on ; so they don't do it again so [it is] forbidden.
EDO TEXTS. 53
XXL
Qgbugbo, Odoeki ; noraane ; nomowa; j^nanagareva ;
Farmer, trader; husband; householder; they live there;
oliamokegagbina ; nomowa owuhamegbuwe ;
hunger troubled them ; householder said hunger flogs you ;
nogbugbo owuhamefi ; nodueki owuhamegbugbe ;
farmer said hunger plenty ; trader said hunger too much ;
nomoxwo owuhamegbugbe ; inanaweha :
husband said hunger is too much ; they said " ha " :
Bagaiue ? Nomogbo qwinemenya owinqmamoxwo
What can we do ? Farmer say here yams says he has no woman
nqgalema ; nomameonawefinyare onafinyare ;
who goes cook fufu ; husband says " bring yams " he brings yams ;
ogifinyare ; onawoxwona dolema
when he brings yams ; he says to woman cook fufu
onawehe ; okemexe ; qwinqmameofigmqn ;
she says " yes " she puts pot on fire ; she says she has no palm oil ;
gwinomameume ; owinomamehie ;
she says she has no salt ; she says she has no pepper ;
onawe nodueki : uwurhiere ; onawehe ; nodueki
she says to trader " you pay don't bring ? " he said " yes " trader
okefioge ; gnalema ; axekedoga ; axeg^gane
brings to her ; she cooks fufu; pot was done ; when pot was done
onawe nomoxwo ; doduniema ; onawinedumu ;
she said to husband ; come beat fufu ; he said he would not beat
ow^ ; dodumema ; noyainia Qnawe
"farmer"; come beat fufu; "who gets yams" he said
mogaclumema ldumu ; nomowa dodumema ;
" I go beat fufu " " I don't beat " ; householder, come beat fufu ;
ldumu ; moiniowame ; nunalema ;
I don't beat ; I get my house ; where you cook fufu ;
ug;niawawo ; Odueki dodumema
" if you get house (what then) " ? Trader come beat fufu ;
54 EDO TEXTS.
ldumu ; boze ? Mqmoinyahie ; moinymne ;
I don't beat; "Why?" I get pepper; I get salt;
moinyofigmon ; naialema ; qnawehe ;
I get palm oil ; to take cook f uf u ; she said " all right "
dgmanagagetaloma ? Aketalamaiwo ;
which man do we tell 'I They talk to the country ;
ewonawegeabu ; domanagibwele ;
country said it could not settle it ; who now go settle it ;
tokmosalobua ; Osalobwanature ; boxi ? Xogbugbo
except Osa ; Osa came down ; what is it ? Farmer
owinonainya olinowidumema ; noma me
said he had yams so he said he did not beat fufu ; husband
owinoinyame nqlenema olinowidumema ;
said he had wife who cooked fufu ; so he said he did not beat fufu ;
ngdueki nonyaimi nalema ; qlinowidumeina ;
trader got things to cook fufu ; so I say he did not beat
fufu ;
noiniowa moiniowame ; jnanalema ;
householder I get my house ; where they cook fufu ;
olinowidumu ; Osalobwanawehe ; onawe nqinowa ;
so he said I did not beat Osa said : " all right " ; he said to house-
holder ;
akpawama lawowa, ogara ? onawu . ama :
if they didn't go inside your house^ can it be warm ? He said you are
no good;
nQmame ; umogbo ; umiengrhinya :
to husband ; you have no farm ; you don't see who brought yams ;
nowoxali ; uwiulumu ? ugamS :
which your wife cooks ; you say you don't beat ? you are no good;
nQgbugbo wenomenya ? etutinyale ; wumiQnqli ?
Farmer you who get yams ? you roast yams eat ; you see who cooks ;
wumieiiolema ; uwudumu ? ugama ;
you see who cooks fufu ; you say you don't beat '! you are no good ;
nodueki ekyudo umamiernale :
trader to market you go [trade] you don't see fufu to eat;
EDO TEXTS.
55
umienolemanya ; uwudumu ;
you see who cooks fufu now ; you say you don't beat fufu ;
ugama dqdqde ; Onaw& OrhieM ;
you are no good for ever and ever he said " three men " ;
j.nagadolorhioxuqkpa(ledede. Umalomodewu.
they don't go take one woman for ever and ever. Story falls down
dead.
XXII.
Igifiemido, Emigherameme,
Igifiemido (I do not miss anything), Emigherameme (thing does
not touch me),
jnaieva ; Emigheramemeqmudia unugwoba ; Jgifieinidqmudia
these two ; Emigherameme stood up in palace gate ; Igifiemido stood
qnukedo; qkwekewafiohabo ; if erne qwalemigherameme;
on hill of Edo ; he shot bow from there ; arrow hit Emigherameme ;
ekanqrqlqbo; qkwegwouo; Igifiemidokwegade ;
bead was on his hand ; it broke it ; Igifiemido came (back) ; when he
qgiseva; owokwialexi, owinoigifiemido;
got there ; he said he was a man, he said he did not miss anything ;
Emigherameme qwokwia ; owemiihamino.
Emigherameme said he he was a man ; he said thingdid nottouchhim.
QmanQreva; owuwaiva; okwiauaxi.
A man was there ; he said : you two are men.
XXIII.
Oviawanqkbiso ; ^nabino,
Pups [dog belly big] ; these seven,
atalakpakebie ; qkebiqmmino.
leopard bore ; she bore seven cubs.
qnawinagaiqmo, okpqkpa,
she said they take sons, one one,
iyenakebina ;
their mother bore them ;
Atalakpaketiawa,
Leopard called dog,
naiagalunie.
to go cook unie (soup).
56 EDO TEXTS.
Awanawelebone ; onawe ; Atalakpawokabie ;
Dog said I hear ; she said ; Leopard you bore first ;
uwegbqkpawowe. Atalakpakeiimmqkpa ogbe ;
kill one of your own. Leopard took one killed it ;
qnaialunie : atalakpazglioligiawa :
she went cook soup ; leopard took a fore leg of it to the dog ;
awakelaloi : orhialuerhe ; edeg^gbe,
dog licked it ; she put it in smoke of fire ; at dawn,
awanarbiqbatalakpa, onaiofigmowele, qkile ;
dog took fore leg of leopard, rubbed it with palm oil, cooked it ;
onarhiegiatalakpa, Edenokele, edegigbe ;
took it go to leopard. Next day at daybreak ;
atalakpagbegboviele ; qvesubqlegiawa :
leopard killed another son ; took it and gave it to dog ;
awawerhiehi ; edegigbe, oyalunie, qrhiesogyatalakpa ;
dog put it away ; at dawn, she made soup, gave some to leopard ;
atalakpa qkjobovielefo ; qgqzobqlqzegiawa ;
leopard killed her sons finish ; gave legs to dog ;
nqzegieni ogirhiehi ; edeqgbe qgerjgiatalakpa.
what she gave to dog she kept ; at dawn she gave it to leopard.
Oviatalakpagifo ; ogisedqkpa, atalakpa
Sons of leopard were all finished ; it reached one day, leopard
onawelaivatuawa. QgisunQrhole ; onahouawa
said she was going to visit dog. When she reached gate ; she heard dog
woviele ; inagwa; Qnawgawa magbiviqle.
and her sons ; they were talking ; she said dog does not kill her sons.
Onawe edenogariehi, igadogbeniviqlele.
She said day when she goes away, I will come kill her sons eat.
Okedogbawakia, awakeliqtu : qgilietonq,
It reached three months, dog washed her hair ; when she had washed
gnawine: lelagariugbo ; qnawivioleiia,
she said : she was going to farm ; said all her pups;
^lagarieowa ; atalakpagagbinele ;
if she leave them in the house, leopard would kill them :
EDO TEXTS. 57
onavina, qnaviaxame; qkegwele ;
she took them, put them in water pot ; she covered it ;
qgjkpajgbene, atalakpanagade ; okqgwanowaihia
when she got up, leopard came ; she looked all about
qmamina; onawili lasameriwo :
did not see them ; she said She was going to take water drink ;
qgifiuboiaxegolasame oviawanqkbizo
when she put hand for pot take water the pups
qkefianubole. Qnawe: Omaniaima;
cut her hand. She said : This person is no good ;
awariehene, qkweviigmale, qkeviogagaxame ;
dog has eaten hsh, she takes their bones, she puts them round
water pot ;
iwagasamema, ^gmakesemobo ; nqnagwani ;
I say, if you take water here, bones prick your hand ; as she spoke ;
onahogawade, qnalegiyekowa ; ilegarie.
she heard dog coming, she went into back house ; she ran went home.
Awakelawa, oviawanqkbizo qkelenadia, onawiye :
Dog reached house, pup came out to her said : mother
atalakpariema ; ogwalotogqloxumu, qmalewuwaxame,
leopard came here looked down, looked up, did not know water pot,
qluviemaihi qgilamwame ; ^nafiamobole ;
there you keep us she wanted to drink water ; they pinched her hand ;
qnawe : qmodauxi ; ovioyoigmeheyaxe.
she said : bad sons you are ; sons put fish bones for pots.
Iyewe : Giahaime ; qmodauxi. Edegivigbe,
Mother said : Shut up, son bad you are. At dawn,
awanaw;rieki. Wogaviodolehi ?
the dog went to market. Which side I keep them safe?
qnawe ; wogavinaihi ? Oloviawanqkbizo qnawe :
she said ; where keep them ? so pup said :
iyemolunina ; iyenawuwaiyalu ? iyemune ;
Mother give them thread ; mother, said what to do ? Mother gave it ;
onabakukekegiadesegodo ; qnadqluyo ;
he put pegs for middle of mud ; he tied thread for it ;
58
EDO TEXTS.
okeyadelerbuiTiumowa ; onavietiqlineha ;
he went tie it on top of roof ; lie took brothers six ;
Qnaviohierhurhunaowa. 1 naiiaiatotaerhurhumo wa ;
he put them on top of roof. They sat down on top of roof ;
onawiyegarieki. Atalakpanare, ggwalowa ;
he said, mother go to market Leopard came, looked round house ;
oviawanokbizo qnaweginama ; onawe :
said look at them there ; she said :
pups
dekelunahiele ?
-i -i
which place you climb ?
onawe : golunoradesegodo ;
she said : look at thread which is middle
of mud :
olilaibiele ; atalakpanagarhiulu ;
there I climbed ; leopard took thread ;
ogihielesadeseneva, oviawanokbizo
when she climbed half way, pup
atalakpakedode ; qkemuhumqbaiyoto ;
leopard fell ; she knocked head on ground ;
oviawanokbizo qketure ; onadomwatalakpa ;
pup came down ; he took leopard ;
onamwimike ;
he put chop on fire ;
iyegbatalakpa.
mother, I kill leopard.
Qhiaduxumude ;
iyekekekhv :
mother came from market
onagahiele ;
she climbed ;
okefilua ;
cut cotton ;
okewu;
she died ;
onadovai ;
he cut it up ;
onawe :
he said :
Onawubwaiagbe ;
She said : What you take kill ?
jnafiulu ;
she climbed up come ; they cut thread ;
Iyekogngo : inakedoriatalakpafo ;
okedode ;
she came fall
Qnaw£ ;
he said ;
Qnawu.
she died.
Mother was glad ; so they ate leopard finish ;
ileselogwQmadia ; qnarhie.mi ;
qnawiye ;
they said to mother;
qojd*
I like to stop for person ; he took things ; when he came
Qgerhamosagbodo. IJrhamosagbodo ohenkegboxqxn.
he saw Ehramosagbodo. Osa was taking fowl calabash.
Onawo: dovava ; qnawe, mure, ^mukpaluwe;
He said : hail, father ; he said, bring, I take help you ;
Omwihene ; okalilexia : jjiakedosugbo ;
he gave him the load ; he followed him go ; they reached farm ;
EDO TEXTS. 59
QnawukqgbgxQXQ ; jnanagariwhni, oketQrhamosa;
he opened fowl calabash ; they worked, he called Osa ;
Qnaw§ ; ukobozo ; Qsikekenewawina ?
he said ; small bush fowl ; are they near place where I work 1
JJrhamoisa onawehe; onawinoiilegaiya, ukwjfieli.
Osa said yes ; he said he was going to make trap.
^rhamoisanawe : Qmowime. Onakbaigbe; onariofioha;
Osa said : good, niy son. He got up ; he went into bush ;
qgiseva ; ogbenoxoxgeva ; ovieyodo ;
when he got there ; he killed two fowls ; he put them there ;
okegade; ogisekehramosaiyi ; onawelebaba, ukobozo,
he went ; when reached where Osa was ; he said ; father, fowl
bugbe bugboa ; owinekwifio. Inanagariwina ;
plenty on this farm ; he said he made trap for them. They worked ;
ogisota onawinelakifi ; Qgiseva ;
at evening he said he would go look trap ; when he got there ;
onavioxQxoni ; QkewQloi ; onavione ; okegade.
he took the fowls ; he cleaned them ; he took them : he went.
Qgiseva ; okeviomiehramosa, onawinegbukobozoeva.
When he got there ; he took show Osa, he said he killed two fowl.
InakevioxQxoevani. j[nakelele ; edemimakelovie.
They took those two fowl, they ate them ; day dark they lay down.
EvqIu ; Qkegbine qxoxo ^hramoisafo. Qgiseg ^hramoisawe
So he did ; he killed fowls of Osa finish. When it was time Osa
said :
ilagariowa, onatoviawanokbizo ; onawele;
I am going home, he said to pup ; he said :
iavioxQxore ; onagariowa ; onawele : bwamQxoxoiyi ?
go bring fowls ; he went home ; he said : which side you put fowl }
Elolulekenadesugade ? Inenaukobozona.
Is it not those you eat from the time you come ? They are the
ukobozo.
Ehramoisa onarhihumwherie, onaxuhe ; ogixwe
Osa took whip, he drove him ; when he drove
him
60
EDO TEXTS.
okedosekenowabodi.
he reached place for making palm wine.
Onadogakainyowoto ; onadefiuwele.
He came meet calabash of palm wine for ground ; he jumped went
inside.
^hramoisonawokpemainyo ihi ukore ;
Osa said" palm wine man take palm wine out of calabash ;
numotolime. Olokpenamwainyq ; onamukare ;
you give me dregs." The man took palm wine ; he brought calabash ;
okekotole ;
there remained dregs ;
okemuko, owinelamuda ; ogimweriunu.
took calabash, said he wanted to drink it ; when lie took it put to
mouth.
Oviawanqkbizo asafiolalo ; onaloviah ».
Pup jumped go into his eye ; that is the pupil.
qkemuwehramoisa. IJhramoisa
he gave it to Osa. Osa
XXIY.
Ezomo agmqil ; qkwegaxqn ; qgikqxjji ;
Ezomo world ; he was at war ; he was continually at war ;
onawine gaxoiiso ; qmibieka :
he said he was going to make war on sky ; he got boys ;
qnatina ; gnawinigierhare ; inanawehe :
he called them ; he said go cut sticks and bring them ; they said all
right ;
inana . axia ; inanagierha : inanaviolere :
they went ; they cut sticks ; they took them and brought them ;
inagisowa : Qnawina ; ugbaj Qgbalaka :
when they got home ; he said to them ; tie ladder ;
koto yasiso; Qlagbai; ;nagise
from earth to go to heaven ; so they tied it ; when they were
adqsqh'va,
midway,
Qgbalaka qbun ;
ladder broke ;
jn al lia kovqgbalaka
they all with the ladder
EDO TEXTS.
61
inadegboto ;
fell to ground ;
Qimtibieka ;
called boys ;
ugbai egbalaka
tie ladder ;
Ezomagmo
inawulo ;
they died ; Ezomagmo
owehe uli ;
other two hundred ;
orhioboiyunu
put hand to mouth
owina ;
he said to them ;
;nakegbai ;
they tied it ;
Qgbalaka obu ;
ladder broke ;
nawina ;
said to them :
; yasiso ;
to go reach heaven ;
inagigbai,
when they tied it,
odegboto ;
it fell to ground ;
owehe uli
inanawehe ;
they said all right ;
ogilasie iso ;
when it was near sky ;
^nawulo ; Ezomagmo
they died ; Ezomagmo
walare ; bwegbalaka ;
other two hundred come ; go tie ladder;
yasiso ; uwa ; geyerhagbai ; waiyudi ;
to go to heaven ; all of you ; don't take stick tie ; take palm tree ;
gbai ; inawehe ; ^nakegbai ; kotokpa
tie it ; they said all right ; they tied it ; from ground go
yasiso ; ogisiso j^naketure ;
reach heaven ; When it reached sky they came down ;
Ezomagmo owubiekale ; lawa ; aviukofigmonre ;
Ezomagmo said to the boys ; go home ; go bring calabashes oil ;
inawehe ; inanalawa ; inakeviofigmon
they said " yes " ; they went home ; they brought calabashes of oil
uli
two hundred
aviehia
owuna ;
said to them ;
amofigmon
take oil
inanamwe
they took it
ofigmon
oil went
Ezomagmo
they took all ; Ezomagmo
okbokpa yegbalaka ; inawehe ;
one by one on ladder ; they said all right ;
iyegbalaka ; kotokpa yasiso ;
on ladder ; from ground go reach sky ;
okeso ;
reacli sky ;
omanohiegbalaka ; gkweture ;
person who climbed ladder ; came down ;
ogisoto
when he reached ground
Ezomagmo onamwekpeti exai,
Ezomagmo took box of powder,
onamwioto
put it on ground
qnawe : ^biekale,
said : boys ,
wakpawowa ;
come out of house;
62
EDO TEXTS.
omuiexai ;
they take powder ;
^biekale qkpawowa. Onamwere ;
boys came out. They took it ;
exaibale ; mufigmqn ; ofigmobale ; qbaxiayasiso ;
powder lighted ; (they) took oil ; oil lighted ; flame went
reach sky ;
qsiso, lsogwovoi ;
it reached sky sky broke ;
ivielimi j,nanade ; adeyoto ;
sons of Elimi came ; came down
^nagisoto ,
when they reached ground
Ezqmagmq,
Ezomagmo,
Ezomagmo
Ezomagmo
owinehoi :
he said heard
Evanade.
There it falls.
inarhiuxure ; inarheyoto ;
they take uxure ; put it for ground ;
ugamqmo, uteyawu ; nqkpare ;
you get no son, till you go die ; another came ;
ugamqmo utewu ; Ezqinagmq
you don't get son till you die ; Ezomagmo
Ezqmagmq qmabie oriri ; qkwewu.
Ezomagmo had no child at all ; he died.
XXV.
Oviugwesasa ;
Poor woman was not well for skin ;
wqmada ;
and Omada ;
QmQmirqkpa ;
they have nothing ;
ulqma ;
you are not a person ;
• in."
"m" [all right].
k\vanaxa\v(liohe ?
why do you say so ?
qnawvhc :
he said "yea"
amogiso Esago
wife of Ogiso Esago
^nanagareva j,iiawehe ;
they live there they say "all right
^goviugwe omotm ; Ogisonawoh'
poor woman had her land ; Ogiso said to her
inanamiQiiotm ; ;nanaw^ :
; they took her land from her ; they said ;
Ogizqkpg, qnawogiso;
When it went on, she said to Ogiso :
qnawinen^megatwQ,
she said to him let me go salute you,
Ogisonqkpa ; qrioduwowa. Asoii
Ogiso got up ; went inside house. At night
EDO TEXTS.
63
qnakebiqnaleho ;
he cut her ear ;
qnatiemadahia ;
lie called all omada ;
okqmoxwo, qnaviolalo
he got woman, he took her eye
qnavioyorhieve ; qkegwele
he put it for kola dish ; he covered it
qnawomarokpa agetamixwo ; edenedehinqle
he said no one must tell woman ; every day for seven days
inagadoxaimii 1 qrqdieve ; ;madana wehe ;
they come and say thing which is in kola dish ; omada said all right ;
oviqmadani
the small omada
osioviugwesasa ; qkekwakpata.
friend of poor sick woman; made music.
qnawovmgwesasa ;
He said to poor sick woman
uviqle ;
you take it ;
wasiwata
if you speak
igefe ;
the property ;
qnawehe ;
she said all right ;
lxwerie:
women of king ;
onawina ;
he said to them
ijiana . axia
they went
emmqrqrieve
thins is in kola dish
niyeme alolororieve
my mother's eye is in kola dish
umagwata qwili ;
if you don't speak it's lost ;
edehinogigba inanamwegbe
in seven days they dressed
^nanalawogiso ;
they went to Ogiso's house ;
nqririnqle,
who ever knows it,
ewoinena : negiwaleva ; negiviqne ehianawehe.
this is his country ; I share it ; and give it to him all said yes.
Esagolata, qkairietai ; ixwonireriebehi ;
Esago spoke, head woman spoke ; all women of king's house together ;
inamalole ; anawoviugwesasa
they don't know it ; they say to sick poor woman
dotawe ; qmadanamwegbe; nulole ;
come tell your own ; the omada said : get ready ; you know it ;
qnawevinaweta ;
she said " What do they
say she must say " ;
onawalona ;
she said " the eye " ;
ewohiananagqgowe ;
all the country was glad for her ;
oviugwenawehe ;
poor woman said yes
inanaweta ;
they said " speak " ;
qnawe
they said
emmorieve ;
thing in kola box
oviqmadawokegqgq
small omada was glad
64 EDO TEXTS.
anawogiso ; oxwona oleminororieve ;
they said to Ogiso ; this woman knows what is in kola dish ;
doviefene ; onawamineno ezederhiemine ;
go give her wealth ; he said she is his wife he would give her
nothing ;
anawumarhiemine otowuxuniu ogakugbe,
they said if you don't give her things ground and sky go mix,
imiarhiemine ? onawehe ; kerha, kewe, kqxoxo,
you don't give her things ? he said all right ; wood, goat, fowl,
kemila, koma ; onavwaleva ; inaoagbagale ;
cow, persons ; he divided into two ; they shared it ;
oviugwesasa gnaiakmomomacla ologisoginawu ;
poor sick woman goes thank small omada so when Ogiso died ;
oxwona oviugwesasa onalawomada qlqgilqdonaginqme.
the poor sick woman went to omada that is the husband she
married.
Umalemqdewu.
Story falls down dead.
XXVI.
Erialue, amati Qrialue
Once upon a time, if we don't say once upon a time
emenedo egiaxa. Ogiso Qnadogiuko ;
in language of Edo we can't tell a story. Ogiso sent a messenger :
qnagie Qgwi woviakota. Edena.axia
he sent tortoise and dog. The day they started
qgwinawoviakota : agadiova. QlQgwi
tortoise said to dog : let [them, i.e.] us take titles. So tortoise
qnatie owSihia ; Oloviakota qnatie Ologotogo.
called himself " We all " ; Dog called himself " Quick
runner/'
Oyqlqro agidumemamijre ;
The provider when they beat, brought fufu ;
EDO TEXTS.
65
qlggwi onawawoxa gamwemagie ; awoxana,
tortoise said to boy for whom do you bring fufu ; the boy said,
qwewowaihia nemwemagie.
"for you all" he brings fufu.
Olqgwinonati owaihia
So tortoise who was called
"We all"
qnarhiemale.
took yams and ate.
Erialue begbehiabegbehia eriona
It happened every day so
ohamqgboviakota ; qnasedqkpa oviakotagihokoikoi ;
hunger devoured dog ; one day dog heard beating fufu ;
onagarieva ; owedodinuhumutiku ;
he went there ; he said he would go up refuse heap ;
qnawawoxani mukumezo. Awoxaninawe owaihia
he said to boy give me peelings. Boy said : to you all
qlemwemagie ; oloviakotanawe : egwilole owaihia ;
he brought fufu ; so dog said : Tortoise is we all ;
quaweloi, oviakota Ologotogo; awoxani
he said he, dog, is Quick runner ; boy
onagaxamerhaiwiye. Olinawe ologotogo : gade ;
went tell his father and mother. So they said to dog : come ;
inagamwemagie. Omakpeva anageleniwemamiire.
they took fufu gave him. Not long after as they said thev brought
Qnawawoxani
He said to boy
Onawe ta ;
He said " ta " :
agamamwemao-ie ?
fufu.
Ologotogo.
For whom do you bring fufu ? For Quick runner.
onamagwaxawerhaiwiyQgiele.
he does not know how to give message of father and
mother.
Awoxan qnaw£ : igwaxa.
Boy said I know how to give message.
Qiiarhiema. Owaihia ologotogo :
took his fufu. We all said to Quick runner :
Ololologotogo
So Quick runner
ugwariema ?
:' You don't go eat
vams ?
inarhiema ;
they bring fufu "
Olewonatina
So the place said
II.
qfiemagbava ;
he cut fufu in two
emafqkma ;
fufu finished on plate ;
inadqkpehQirina. Inakedomwemila
they go give presents to them. They brought cow
F
66
EDO TEXTS.
amunowaihia ;
and gave it to We all ;
Ugbeni agidosode
When they go reach road
akgdomwesi
they brought horse
emilasetiaxia.
cow could not go.
nologotogo.
for Quick runner.
Ologotogo
Quick runner
wesinaxia. Olowaihia : Ologotogo, Ologotogo,
and horse went on. So We all called Quick runner, Quick runner,
Ologotogo
diaxenie
agbirabiyuwe.
Quick runner, wait for me ; may they kill your father and mother.
Ologotogonamudia ; Owaihia qkediseva ; emilaisetiaxia ;
Quick runner stopped ; We all got there ; cowt can't go,
wediaxeme. Oyanagaxia. Omagikwi Ologotogo
you wait for me So they went on.
west
-i
and horse
Ologotogo,
Quick runner,
osowaihialai
left We all behind
diaxeme ;
Soon
odyeke ;
on road ;
Quick runner
okewetie
he called
agbirabiyuwe.
wait for me ; may they kill your father and mother
Ogidosekporio
When he reached top of hill
Qnafiukpalame
he gave tip of tongue
owaihianodogbeniila
" We all killed cow ;
nologotogo ;
to Quick runner
rhiukpalamemila
put tip of cow's tongue
ototalame ;
under his tongue
Ologotogo
Quick runner
inakedagaxia.
they went on.
olowaihia
So We all said
Ologotogo :
to Quick runner
ogasQze,
When we reach the river,
agaxwe
we wash
agedosqze
reached river
agabalame
we so throw water
iy^gbunu.
back in mouth.
Owaihia nologotogo.
We all said to Quick runner
Ugbeni
When they
agaxwe :
we wash ;
inabalaniiy^gbunu.
they threw water back in mouth.
Inak^doxwefo : inakQdokbaigbe ; inakedolokQZQfo ;
They finished washing ; they came out ; they reached top of
hill ;
EDO TEXTS. 67
Owaihia Ologotogo diaxeme, agbirabiyuwe.
We all said to Quick runner wait for me, may they kill youi father
and mother.
Ologotogonamudia. Owaihiag^seva onawenOlogotogo ;
Quick runner stopped. When We all got there he said to Quick
runner ;
ukpalamemilame. Ologotogo mamiukpalamemila ;
the tip of cow's tongue. Quick runner did not find tip of cow's tongue ;
Qnawv omamiukpalamemila. OlologotogonagbQsin ;
he said he did not find tip of cow's tongue. So Quick runner killed
horse ;
onarhwikpalamesine nowaihia. Owaihia qnawe :
he took tip of horse's tongue for We all. We all said :
qgomeyenia ; Olologotogo nakwesihiane ;
mine is different ; so Quick runner took and gave all the horse ;
Olologotogo qnagariodalu ; qnagategbereyoto ;
So Quick runner went on in front ; he went and buried himself
in ground ;
owaihaigj^seva, qnawe : emiakenotonamalu ;
when We all got there, he said : I never saw place where ground
has eyes ;
okikwesi okuemila ; qkevionotonamalu ;
he sacrificed horse and cow ; he gave them to ground that has eyes ;
Qnawe : igewoyegeme ; Qviukpqne ;
he said ; I see where it is looking at me still ; he gave loin cloth ;
oyegeme ; omwekiafivi ; qviqne ;
it is looking at me still ; he took penis and testicles ; he gave them ;
oyegeme ; onatulemu Qgogiso. Ogisowa
it is looking at me still ; he ran tell Ogiso. When he reached
the house
gnawogiso " ta " ; aivQnogiegaweno ;
he said to Ogiso "ta" ; no one to king says bad thing ;
imiokenotonomalu. glOgisonagie ekparurhu,
I see place where ground has eyes. So Ogiso sent ants,
glaxwe onwo, kqminogixohia ; ugbeni
[of different kinds], with all bad things ; when
F 2
68 EDO TKXTS.
akedosekenotqnomalu, Owaihia qmagjpnie
they reached place where ground has eyes, We all could not find
ekenotqnQmalo ; glekparurhu inasai ; gnawe ;
place where ground has eyes ; so ants bit him ; he said ;
gumes^kqdn : Qnalawekbiku, j.nagihuele ;
let me go on ; he went under dry leaves, when they looked for it ;
yiamagimio ; olasaka inagahwelexia.
they did not see it ; so ants began to look for him.
XXVII.
Inaihino, erhinabina,
Seven men, their father bore them,
jnadomwa ; erhinanabokbina ;
they came grow ; their father troubled then
(grew up)
okwo ; ^nana.axia :
to war ; they went ;
iyenabina ;
their mother bore them ;
okegina
he sent them
inagiseva ;
when they got there
inakemwelogye ;
they took the ogye :
inakegyagina ;
they cut them ;
inana.adiowa;
they went home ;
j,nakesie ;
they put it down :
gnawinagQXQre ;
said " don't wash " ;
ow^l^le
hunter was hiding
owknafina.
hunter shot them.
^namodibele ;
they caught his servants ;
;naviqkboki ;
they put them in a box ;
nQxerekemwe ;
small one carried it ;
inakQXQn,
they fought,
j^namwaiiiebo ;
they caught his wife's
servants ;
j^nakegweli ;
they covered it ;
inagisQze
when they reached river
small one
inawmagaxwe,
they said they would wash,
jnawQtiiiaxwe jnainale
they said they would wash they didn't know
bokqze. IiiakiHhdiqze :
on the bank of the river. They fail into river ;
OkwesQnqdicjn Qs^nukpogieva ;
He shot the eldest he shot the second ;
EDO TEXTS. 69
QSQimkpogiha ; qkwesinaihino fof^le jnanamu,
he shot the third ; he shot all seven they took (the box),
inanariowa ; Jnagixiaxere ; nQdiode, own ;
they went home ; they went a little way ; eldest fell, he died ;
nukpogieva qde ; owu; nukpogiha; jnehakewu ;
second fell ; died ; and the third ; all six died ;
Qkwekenqxere ; nQxerenariowa. Ogisowa ;
there remained the small one; small one went home. When he got
home,
odovairhai ototaibale ;
he came and met his father he sat on the seat on verandah ;
Qnad^gue owunarienewo ; Erhanawe :
he knelt he said they are come back ; father said :
Etuewo ? owunawu ; gwunaxqle ;
Where your brothers ? he said they are dead ; he said they fought ;
j,nagbog^e jnagbodibo, jimgbamebo ;
they killed the king they killed king's servants, they killed king's
wives' servants,
Qweguhumina ; QrhiQbomaxumu ;
he said look their heads ; he took his hand round his head ;
ode owu.
he fell he died.
Erhainamavie, iyenagavie, Osalobwa keladie.
His father cried, his mother cried, Osa came.
Onawehrai : Boxi ? k^nowiegade.
He said to father : what is it ? from morning come.
Onawivielewulo ; Osalobwa onariuniwerie
He said his sons were dead ; Osa took whip
Qnarienode okwegafienale, inakerhiore,
he went on road he whipped them, they woke up,
ngdiQiiokawu onawunegide ;
eldest who died rirst he said he would not come ;
owuiiQriemQlmime Osalobwa nawehe.
he said he was chopping fufu in Elimi Osa said " all right.',
70 EDO TEXTS.
qkgvienise gadiowa ; oisowa ; onarhiexwai
He brought the five home ; he reached home ; he took medicine
onatiebq ; qwowiyeva inaigagiyokwo.
he swore by it ; he said both brothers they should not go war.
EvamalemQnadewu.
Story falls down dead.
SECTION II.
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
PART II.
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
ISHAN.
Irua.
1.
Record 212 a.
Ogie okpa riwedo ; noriia ikeko na rebe bio ne bona
King one was at Edo ; he had all the country and these towns
Esa, Urumu, Agbede, Ewu, Okpqma, Ukpoji,
Ishan, Uromi, Agbede, Ewu, Okpoma, Ukpoji,
Usobo, Agbo. Ainaho, Igweben, bi Iha ; oigbomi
Sobo, Agbor, Amaho, Igweben, and Iha ; and many
imalebatio emili. Egerniulepamairi okaimo Qkpa
whose names I don't know. At time of new yams chief one
mwemele Qkparegiore, ebe,, nQborun; gko
brought one cow and gave it to him goats plenty, fowls
nQburufi, ekenoko nQborun, ohua nQborun bi izagwa
plenty, eggs plenty, sheep plenty and dog
namunogiere luemiukpe.
he gives to king to sacrifice for New Year.
74
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
Record 212b.
bi
and
eyemie
there was no chance
Okofile ribi g£r§be
War was everywhere
gialayeki,
to go to market,
more neha rehima mere, sukimg, ekwe ha eeki :
to guard their wives as they go to market ;
lurio ebo lo kimunere ekimunere xie.
people catch them and sell them.
eborebe,
in all towns,
sukma eyaki munu sisi
unless men had guns
adehaba
without that
Eboro
L
Village
okpa
3.
Record 212c.
natio rimule,
was called Imule,
kQne
when
neronuuku ;
to fight Uku ; wnen men
eboro ue mamabu eda munekele,
many and captured the rest.
kire
c
got
edibaidumebo
was joined to Idumebo
sebuku,
to Uku,
eda gbe
they killed
Record 2 1 3d.
Onosabg
rha ulogie :
Man who had power
made king ;
nulagbqn okiha ; ru
egbqre
from people ; he
made himself
kamunagbgn
eniini
from big people,
something
uwQdQ rebe kina ramudokgnr^.
all roads were shut owing to the war.
nkalu umune
he seized tilings
ogie ; okigbobiriq
king ; he seized
bobagbgn nek^re ;
from small people ;
Edgkpa okonre da vaj
One day war came
ISHAN TEXTS.
75
be,bo rqkpa ;
to one country ;
kakiwuwa ;
to their houses ;
Ekivie e,ge
When they cry
qdata ma
he told his
nehagbiheren.
to dance.
edabagbqfi nema murejbu. ; edamunele
they killed many people ; they took many
enagbi ^bioele biena muno kakiwuwa.
of some they took the families to their houses.
monugie kirehoii ; oda ne nibi oqle van.
the king hears ; he was vexed with their families.
ibo kare negbelega; Qclatama lekagie,
servants to flog them ; he told them to laugh,
Record 2136.
Agbofi
In olden
okgrheo
he paid
gWQmQne,
as dowry,
edele kadegokpia edagare
time when a man wanted to
okihilo
nine hundred and eighty cowries
Qkorhe
he paid
kaiyokokpa,
one fowl,
okwo,
marry a woman,
nabale
to father her
Qrhe, nabale
he took to her father
gwemQiie,,
to settle the affair
okirionoxwo kahiawa.
then he took woman home.
oiyobqbe, dakare karamone j[sekiokpa daka dahare karamori ;
No owe can use umbrella only he alone uses umbrella ;
dekoiya batama isaiki, okigbole.
if any one does it without permission, he flogs him.
Record 214a.
AgbQfiedede qdqkpa abamenokwa Qri bukukwo bodewora
In olden time one day grandfather was on bed at Ewora
76
TEXTS OF OTHEll LANGUAGES.
ole otu okpa dado sale, ole qborodale le kaku Uromi
so one man came to shoot him, so his people ran to Uromi
bi rumibazi bi rijebebe ; ama ^kbe eria kere eki riebo ole.
and Umbazi and other places ; but a few stayed in his town.
7.
Record
2146.
Egeni Ibie
rhe/lo
kqle
bolo male,
When Ibie
came
with war
to our town,
ekumalekwa ;
male dale
kaki Idegun;
Qle gngria
they defeated us ;
we ran
to Idegun ;
so the men
nore kalo kadiabe, bolo maleke ; oda
who were in our country before went to farm our ; took
nele kakiubonqsabame ;
them to my father's farm ;
bo nugborhebea
that was there and all the farm.
b§be nosa ome.
goats of my mother's.
edaria emili nererhi
and spoilt everything
Edagbe ebe, eva,
They killed goats, two,
8. Alahua; New Yam Festival.
Agbqiiedele
In old times
Record 214c.
§gene rhebo
when they are in the country
ienora biukburhi ;
person to sacrifice to tree and rope ;
kagbixir^ eki yora kahimieli ;
and dance and say to tree save us ;
ruonifo irebe
they finish they go to the town
kidogboko
kill fowls"
erekegbo
they killed a
e.geni ekidq
then they come
eha ki
after that
bi^be biob^be ;
goats and kids ;
ISHAN TEXTS.
77
eka nueinafo, eki mwonema si ke oia: sade
when they finish cooking, they bring fufu to the tree ; when
ekiro okq bigbefo, eki neugwe ro bukuhomora ;
they finish fowls and goats, they take bones hang on top of tree ;
eki rere bolegbe ekigbo hagbihere.
they take white clay to rub body and dance again.
9.
Record 215.
AgbQfiedele qbomale egbefulere ;
In old times my country had free time ;
re moli gi,le ; rliamude koko kole holo
war with them ; because they are warriors
bokolele hune ebo rele.
fight well to save their town.
oiobebeda
no one can make
eneasa
who can
Agbqnedele
In old times
10.
Record 2155.
aimiobo
no white man
ebolonoseniale ehialaxqle
people of my country went to war
elqgbe, eniere, bewe ;
ran away, people, to bush ;
ribivjawore, odahore
Ujawore, he says he goes
amorifi tama ohonre
some of his wives said war
ohia ohian la horen, ireamoreii benire.
but went to fight with them, and took wife from them
wesan ; edokpa
in Ishan ; one day
egberiaihilo ;
and killed seven men ;
Gelegbare egenore
Gelegbare lived at
hirugboha bamole ;
to Ugboha for his wife ;
riwuwede olbnizewe morin
was on road he did not fear war
egeni
when
78
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
KUKURUKU.
Ijeba.
Record 188.
Iyiinahan, maidiemi,
Nimahan, we get ready,
ebogiohQinqroku ; omaidaxia,
white man sent a man to Okun : so we £0,
aikigaibonia
weheni
there
maikisewo
when we reach there
maikisewo :
when we reach there ;
wemai daikedi ;
so we come back home ;
we don't meet white man
maikesoaria orekigiu himiori, mairaxia
when we arrive home he sent messenger again, we start to go again
maikisewo
when we reach there
ekigenia wehene
we don't meet him again there
makiavaiwa ; akiggiuhumqri ;
we come back home ; he sent, come again
akisewo ;
when we reach there
aragbokj[xa
now we start to go again
akowe okigazowenqde.
the clerk judged the case.
Ora Country (4 Texts).
(Sabongida.)
2.
Record 177.
Oriwa ; qdewa,
He is at home ; he is out,
yoaxanwoa ; okieuedereme
I shall be going home ; good bye
ilodgrhi^bale ; e/lawinievai ;
I am going to bring food ; I return from farm
lohaminakjgbelale.
that they may not be hungry.
Qvai ;
he comes
wol^ese ;
salute him
Ilodewime ;
I am going to farm;
ihorebai leloniQle ;
I bring food for them;
OltA TEXTS.
79
Agbori womalina
This world of ours is
agbgri wehi
worlds other
va ahiehie:
and stars;
which
3.
Record 178.
oruokpa
one of those
Oisalebulwa
Osa
wqke
which we
mali.
made.
alenenako
spoke of before
Ovqii bi uki
Sun and moon
ari ru agbQn ze en^bi agbQfi ogomali.
they are worlds just as world this our.
4. Axwegogo (Dungbeetle).
Record 181.
rhelobwa roli ;
he makes enter into rest
Ohiekoivelo obo no axwegogo ;
Doctor divines for dungbeetle ;
Qbo bqnali ; rhelowie esofi ; axwegogovai
he again foretells ; he makes enter into trials ; dungbeetle comes
qremiesqn, emiko ; qrhe : "Binolikiulu "
he experiences trials, nothing like it ; he says
rhionidafi :
he says that I may thrive
qbowuhuran
diviner in tree
rhiQli
tells him
odabu
he goes to
bwofion
so to diviner
ofiuhongrnQkbotoli
" What shall he do"
obowuhuran ;
diviner in tree ;
omokbotQ ;
who puts head down ;
rhiglibo ohiekoivelo ;
diviner who puts head down says go to diviner who takes lachrymal
secretion;
qrhioli lalexolevelo ogonoli. Odalaloli exolivelogolQli ;
he says lick secretion his. He licks dirt from the eyes ;
odamugbenqlidi ; orhioli,
he took divining apparatus and threw for him ; he told him,
Oxage, xwefe ; do dozoa we
if you know, you get property ; go and build house where
80
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
ax^sikglq ;
in pot put yam pudding
odalu iyo.
he did so.
ranirhe
they said
inwefwa ;
" cast away " ;
odarhierale
he took to wife
Qlho,
he says,
EdekikisQ,
When market came,
esosukpode eki. Edokinaxise,
in middle of road is market. When market is due,
" he," orehi.
" Yes," he says.
okira eheni iwoxileki ihino vade ;
After a time after that virgins seven came ;
axwegogo, olaru ena, nali 1 hioli ;
"dungbeetle, you made these.1' they said ;
raxiaveki ; rainkidaveki vade ;
they went to market : then they from market came;
ihino; odanisoii vekilua ;
seven ; he pumped filth into their vulvas ;
ralikidavekua ;
then they scattered ;
yekbololi ;
I shall sweep it ;
Qnailu
what they make is not
" WO, wo, wo, wo."
" alas, alas, alas, alas.';
orhenoli
he said to them
Okidaxuhomo
then he took his head
etogie,
a laughing matter,
wavai, wavai, wavai ;
"come, come, come";
boliso,
to sweep excrement,
vawoli
they shout at him
Ei bi
Tortoise and
bi glimi ;
and heaven ;
3.
Record 184.
ibisun qrhiemi :
snail took loads ;
ohame
famine
Q±i vagingn
raofes in earth
ibisun rhexiogo, ui ime okpanye ;
snail waudered in bush, saw farm one ;
orehenikek^rtj :
then he found small ones ;
odadegb§mie Iuu^Iq; ohamiQgbgi
he began to find bit by bit food to eat : Tortoise is hungry
beni; eirhkoli suwedamii IkiIqIq,
in this time ; Tortoise says " Where do you get food^to eat,"
oregainye xenia otieniiodo :
he met yam wrestling ;
ORA TEXTS.
81
te jtamali ; ei
but he does not tell ; Tortoise
qsemwe xigliuwekpa ;
he puts ashes in his bag ;
kimie xason rere ;
then saw that night comes ;
Qdekifuail ibisuqniu
when day breaks snail takes
qkpagoli ; qgboxia ; eikimiekoxia ; qrenqniriwe
his bag ; he goes on ; Tortoise then saw him go ; he track of ashes
okiasu woxumura, eiorikioli
when he crawls where bridge is, Tortoise calls him
ibisuo, ibisuo," ohagbegbe ;
snail, snail," he keeps silent altogether ;
qkinonoxumura ele ; qrhei :
when he crosses bridge finished ; (Tortoise) says
rhexali ;
follows ;
" Ibisuo,
" Snail,
unwokpana,
This one month
nirorirhiasu,
which he takes to crawl,
Mlqlidelowede ;
Then he dropped into river ;
eore twamu
Tortoise then quickly took
urhe
you say,
a^kidaxia ;
then they go on
emanqgbali
yam big ;
nolixaki,
he if
miemie ?
answers ? "
ralik^sewo,
when they get there,
emarifiali gbe ;
yam he knocked him
down :
eheni ; e^kida fia ibisu ^bariawo.
there ; Tortoise then spoils snail's food.
Ola axano atqni ; ^kpedehino
\\7hen a person dies they bury him ; for seven days
j^iaviulimLse ; adenoulu axwelaliabo ;
they perform customs ; on the day he dies they wash the dead body;
arukmqf] wali ; abukniqn hiebegbe,
they take cloth and rub him ; they sew the cloth (that covers him),
agbagbobq. Asenewohiewobq,
they kill a ram for him. They tie cowries round his arm,
agboxoxohiewobq, asuqleniavai ;
they kill a fowl for his hand, they, take fufu and sacrifice to his foot ;
II. G
82
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
amue dglede,
they carry him outside,
agboluxu,
they begin to dance [behind],
amwehewuhumu,
they put him on their heads,
amoxiawekqgo ;
they take him and go to the bush ;
akesekqgo
when they reach there
atoni. Ixiloya
they bury him. Otu Ichiloia
qtuevamqle ; asewo ; amqnewoto ;
two men carry him ; when they reach the place ; they put the body
down ;
egeniwo ahielowole ; araofiqwq ;
after that they [company] dig the grave ; they put him in the grave ;
ahieketoinya afiqlewewo
they put earth over it they leave him there
afmsisi ; axwanahumawq,
they fire a gun ; they shave their heads,
avaiwa,
they come back home,
anodexwiawqde ;
they wash at the water
side :
ohale qxwj,li ;
his wife cries ;
ekeniqle qxwili
his sisters cry :
Oligirixawo
When a chief dies
oviole qxwjli ;
his children cry ;
erqkpawqle axwjji.
his brothers cry.
amoinodolele
they take him to Odolele (quarter)
ehqkpadatonoli olo gkpa heni;
they bury chiefs in one grave there ;
adatoiwihene. Obaxawu alobQ
they cannot bury there. When the king dies they (all town'
odedenioko anama,
they sing for him,
Qnoiljgili
those who are not chiefs
mu wglele,
hold a meeting
in the town,
axwiagogo,
they ring a bell,
afi,losisi,
they fire guns,
owwolele
afiQgo, ovigle Qmogada,
they throw cowries, the sons carry swords,
owol^rao ; agb^bolonale,
;ind lament in the town, they cry " oh my father" ; they dance for him
agb^xituanali, agwijagbedi^nali ; gde hake funa
they dance exitwa, they dance ejagbedi ; when day breaks
ORA TEXTS.
83
ademela,
they buy a cow,
amolemi d^lere,
they bring the body,
in the town
ahiamelanqle
they kill the cow for him
akehiemqlanolele ;
when they kill that cow
in the town
amonihe
they take the corpse
bolololo, amwex^e
" bolololo," he they carry it
goes to his place,
akitoniele,
when they finish the burial
alodo tQni
and bury
avadewa.
they come home.
Asabekme
[Otu] Asabekme
avadewa,
they come home,
ikpQdehino ;
seven days ;
11 elodotoni wewo,
carry him to the place,
akisewoale ;
when they reach home;
axwalimali
they shave their heads
agboluxu,
they dance for it,
singing
ehada toligyili;
it with the chiefs:
afielowewo
they leave him in the
place
avwede
they begin the
ewiewie
in the morning
JLdjiiari
his property,
niaxwainali. Ahiemego
they shave their heads for him. They bring
iviol^kQli, ason akire ealeogolali ovai
his sons share it, when night comes all his family come
jxwoogole, akqneniviqle. Oxwo
all his wives, they share them out to his sons. If a wife
nyonyamoviqle
won't marry his son
boibo kere vai
since white men came
ohalikponihile.
pays £5.
obulelolali ;
she goes to her father's house :
onokilelodewa
s anyone who goes to the house
Agbede (12 texts).
1.
Record 189.
Afobatia gwineka ; Awazehailele ; e,tio
King's boys went cut corn ; francolin picked corn and ate ; they say
G 2
84
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
ley age awa enimena ; awagegboviare
they will wait for fowl on this farm ; when fowl came again they
nilegbq ; eranawele awaravare ; otio :
will kill it ; they hide fowl comes out ; it says :
bukbukbegbe azana, magbegbe azana. Irhegie,
drums are beating, beating drums are beating. They laugh,
irhegie,
they laugh,
iyazobqro
will go
otia miza ;
he stood ;
azana
drums
awarazoka ;
fowl eats corn
keonawara ;
wait for fowl ;
awatifowera ;
fowl new out ;
magbegbe.
are beating.
edeneke
next day
qbatio :
king said
orazelakasi.
so he rode his horse.
lolo
L L
himself
ivare.
he went,
ne : bukbukbegbe azana,
it says : they are beating drums
oradewakasire ;
he fell from the horse :
Ukbokomitoro : wazero
Sick person said : let him
atio :
they said
qkiroiagbo ;
he would kill it ;
Obaragie,
King laughs,
awarazekagbo :
fowl ate corn all
yakeonawara,
wait for fowl ;
qragie,
he laaglis,
orara.
it went.
nirogbo ;
yaneto,
£0 sit down
he will kill it ;
konukbokomina ; otio
you sick person ; he said
araduoiari ; orQsakaomi.
awaratigere ;
Francolin came ;
he is carried to farm
oragemimi ;
he sang again
; he roasted in this
farm hut corn.
ogesikero,
when it came near him,
qrarhagbukbogbo ;
he took wood and knocked it
so it died.
Record 192.
Ogene biri amq ; qnamo
Man and wife ; the wife
aratio
was called
InabosQli,
Inabosere
AGBEDE TEXTS.
oraguekiakia
she had connection
qnagqne
the man
pnamirqna, hoxagela
this, my wife, to stop her from
Onagene raxokome
The man put medicine
sogbo yagwe kiakia.
when she had connection quickly.
kiroyogisera;
she was going to her own country ;
ogisugisera
when she reached her country
otio, qbiraio •
said, what am I going to do
with her ?
yagwe kiakia.
having connection quickly.
noroypare
to know
yowegbe
on her body
Ora tamamo
She told her husband
onamotioke ;
her husband said all right ;
ora gwe kiakia ;
she had connection
ogeok-
when she
ovadeoa
came home
yo wegbi
in her body
oyage olubokia
he said " welcome
qtaro
said
onokominaamo te
T L L
the medicine her husband put
nakaroyorobokia. Lorora
no one can salute her.
Qiiokomi na amo te yo wegbe
the medicine which her husband put in her body
Ekini maietode nmmade,
In the market where she went we don't buy,
magweli inabosere nabosere
we only have connection Inabosere does bad things ;
einabosere, na bosere, kwo oroe inabosere.
So
memeroro
sang
mamali,
we don't eat,
kwoza ;
Inabosere, Inabosere,
she does bad.
Okame dugbedugbe
My story runs thus
yadugboba biulegi :
about king and tortoise
emena negi iheno ;
gave his cows to tortoise to mind ;
Bwokpanokere okirbobokpaloalo ;
one that was left he alone ate it ;
obararbi-
this king
egirhelela ;
Tortoise ate all ;
obatiokeyi ;
the kins: said " no "
86
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
otiedo neyave ;
he called Edo to come ;
adikwakqlo
he took its bowels
numyuko
to he-goat
yanare.
to take dung away.
Egiladewore ;
Tortoise fell down
ortiokegigbela ;
he-goat said tortoise
killed them ;
egitiokenele ; oriovare
tortoise said " no " ; they come
qrarukpugwalema ;
he put bone in the fufu ;
qradufiomiukunu :
he put it in mouth of the goat ;
wowala nileyaleuia ;
to his house to go eat fufu ;
otiemikqkukalu ;
he called he-goat and said " shut eyes " ;
ukbuo-wa raijobaluwutuli.
O no
the bone stuck in his throat.
Ezikamere
Ezikamere
!ko;
in its nest ,
" Ezikamere,
" Ezikamere,
4.
looyime
went to farm
pra
and saw
miukpafiami
a small bird
orariwo, iviora tirekaro yimi ;
he caught it, its mother flew to the farm ;
tiqmqninie, omqnabi nabiware " (bis).
give me my son, he is a son just as you
5.
dug-be dugbe
irhaiyeli irhaiyeli oranute
on they live they live they have
bubal in : ame male, onivie;
too much ; no food to chop, at all ;
kiloyare gdiri; QgesebirQyara
he would go for palm nuts when he reached bash
soediri ; prareli o kuru udi ;
he found palm nuts ; when he climbed up the palm ;
prarhe rimi ugbeg nuokuriiuli : ugbediri
he knocked palm nuts he climbed the palm : when one fell
Okarne
Story my go on <
fiewora ?
famine in their country '.
egitin,
tortoise said,
AGBEDE TEXTS.
87
radefio ekereda ;
in the water ;
aka gbore
if it is in the world
Orarhereri
When he came down
mozewori ;
girl out of water ;
Qmemamomi
Omemamomi
onukpediriruebebriya
he said that palm nut wherever you go fall
aka rimi re ki yia tie.
or in heaven he will get it.
ora su boyo weda Qratio
he put his hand in the water he took
otiQ sebatie ; otiQk
he said what is your name ; she said
kiratiero. Otiolimalagwi,
is how they call me.
He said make food,
negi ;
said Tortoise
onosumo
he asked her
uramema, uramomi
make fuf u, make the soup
rirhekaro yowa ; Qtioke ; Qgeto
if she will follow him to go home ; she said yes ; when he reached
sowa, otigba ; igwo nuaiyo se batio
home, he told the king ; I say to you to say to her how they call her
qbatio sebatio qtio komemamomi ; otio
king said how do they call her she said Omemamomi ; he said
Omemamomi, nilo
Omemamomi, for him
oramema
make food
ne,
for him.
oratiedore
he called Edo to come
sebatio ;
what is her name :
tiowa ;
to his house
otio
he said
ora moral ;
make soup ;
guoni niwa wo rogbo
say to her that you ask
kiokomemamoni ;
her name is Omemamomi ;
etio maniragwe, gramema,
they said let us see, make fufu,
gramomi
make soup
Qramanira
make for them
erarema,
they chop,
rema,
chop chop,
^kpekomenemavare,
sick people who can't come,
ararhqgirawo.
they send food home for them.
Qtio ; kanerwalo;
she said ; they must not cut hair from face
Anorhosebeagwane
L L O
It was forbidden to cut her hair
egegetosoa
when he takes her
home :
oratamatu bo kiqre nokanioraru.
he told his wife to remember not to cut her hair from face.
88
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
Ogemie egi ya
When she saw tortoise went
qrara ;
she went
egegebovare ;
when he came
lobina
bush
qrheionedagbn
qranioralu
she cut her hair
he went to bush again
Qragbo
he began to
qramokborio kpe udi no
he took a single nut and threw
qnukpedi rira ebebnyiaki
that nut whatever place it fell
orarhelerhe qrasoboweda ;
he came down he put his hand in the water ;
qtio sebe atie agene ; qtio
; he said what is your name, man ; he said
rhelono kuludi :
L
climb the palm tree again ;
ekereda. Qtio
it in the water. He said
ro yia tie wo ;
he would get it ;
oradwagene wore ;
he picked a man out
kiro rwatie rofi nianiaboroboro. Orarhodobegbere, qtio
my name is flog-flog. He took him to the king, he said
gwagene nuwa ino ro gbo se batio, qba tio sebatie agene ;
look at man you ask what is his name. king said your name man ;
qtio kiro atirofiniania bogba ; obatiqriragwe ;
he said he was called " flog-flog " king said show ;
orarho bona tiunoko
L L
he took in this hand big tree
rho bonatioko ;
in this hand big tree
OtiQ
He said
qra gbqgba ;
he beat with them
wa gwe agene;
look at the man ;
sebeatie,
what is your name, what is your name ? he said
etio lifirawe,
they say he must beat and let them see
natiunoko ; rhobona tio oko ;
in this hand ; iu this hand he took big oak ;
gbedo ; ^kpekomi eka ge towe
flogged people of Edo ; sick people if they make their leg
ki usakbota qtie isokwa owaiye erara.
twist round stick they say stool is pressing they are going home.
obaratie edo re.
king called Edo to come.
niwayanqrho gbo sebeatio. etio
you will ask him what his name is they say
ebea tie ? qtio kero qfinyanyabo
11 flog-flog " ;
oratobo-
he took big oak
qragbedo,
he flogged,
AGBEDE TEXTS. 89
6.
Agenokpa Qvadewagingn, omatiekue oteme ;
Man one came to world, had no penis he was a fine man ;
imgzitenablore ; egerggbare erara,
girls used to come round him ; when they came they went away,
Qranara ; ukbokbarakere, ogqgboiakura,
they ran away ; one girl that remained, when she was just going,
erazozo. eremimie : Enyeni Noiadakava ;
he led her away home. So they sang : Enieni Noyadakava ;
Enido do, enime, do, enime, do (etc.); uiheka hqma;
Eni, hail, hail, my Eni, hail my Eni, hail ; you are a fine man ;
kariawekelo ; ko kilarawe.
the time is coming ; if you come back we see you again.
Eoborowane ; otio : imevamomie
So a doctor came out ; he said : what do you see that makes
inewaragono ; otio gwomozinurhe,
you weep all this time ; he said a girl that came to him,
nQbululQde, kokiroiowa kiromolekwe ;
that ran to him, said she was going home because of his body ;
kirorerago ; otio mokirokweyere
that's why they were crying ; he said did I not tell you to remember
miugbeniwiyereragmq, nutiokeye ;
to take a body when you came to world, and you refused ;
orawurumabene ; Qtio : ukasowa utewukweya
so he cut a leaf for him ; he said when you go home take a piece to
wash
uniewovwi ; Qgesowa, oralula qbaiorolula
cook this rest, drink ; when he got home, he did what he was told to do
Qnomozirazami ; Qgevia, enekegbonavare
so this girl conceived ; when she bore a child, the other girls
atio ; onumiomozina emiroiowalu
came again ; they said this small girl what she told you to do
yowagiruele.
so you will do every day.
90 TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
Okamina dugbe dugbe yadugbebwoila bilojokoli ;
My story runs about a giant and king of sky ;
erheviokogiegbe ; atiegbwoila wexojokoli
they make war on each other ; people told giant that king of the
kqmqnobinilorexqli ; qtiqlosq ; qlablqbo
sky got poison to fight ; he said he hears ; he went to doctor
otiqgilabilojokoli kilaulevlooviokaugiegbe ;
he said that he and king of the sky wanted (are ready; to make war
on each other ;
kilauyenqkbokomenilo ; qnauborliianekomj,ri
he wanted him to make medicine for him ; doctor brought medicine
otiawuyekemqgwe ; qregwi, qregwi,
he told Awuyeke to grind medicine ; he beat, he beat,
qtiqnilqli sqnqkominq esegbebokomine ;
he said he wanted to know if this medicine is a proper medicine ;
orariwawuyeke qragwqgwo ; qrhiakakwa.
he took Awuyeke to cut him in pieces ; he took threw him away.
Qgegbodagwe kawuyeke zaugiekevade ;
He saw Awuyeke came behind him ;
qtiawuyeke nawokali, dabunokbeluwe,
he said Awuyeke you small boy, where did you get that medicine,
qtiokenugwena sanqkwqme ; qrqgegwe,
he said the one you are beating if it touches me ; he beat again,
olariwawuyeke qlatoneya, qlagwerabilixomi ;
he took Awuyeke again he burnt him, he beat him up with
medicine ;
kugbogo ; qgqgbodawe qkawokqvade qtio
and mixed him ; he saw him came back he said
awuyeke nawukali dabqnqkbelue ?
Awuyeke you small boy, where did you get that medicine ?
qtiq kquogwe.na, sanqkwqlq.
He said the one you are beating, if it touches him.
otio atoukbezqkpa leomin51$le.
He said you can't take one finger to see whether soup is sweet.
AGBEDE TEXTS.
91
Qlarhiosunisq nugbabqgbalimi, qlafiawuyekeyayokoli,
He took war medicine that kills living dead, he threw Awuyeke
up in the sky,
olaivialiseva,
he cut him in two,
qtio:
he said :
oregwi ;
he beat, he beat ;
qlagwanutwa qlabekegugq
he dug a hole he buried him ;
mogegbuvare ;
come back again and let me see you ;
qgegbodawe kevade.
he saw him coming.
qtiqnqbo, wuzeze
[he said : Awuyeke (as above)] He told doctor, you do
ama ogqlelqnovekalo, qtiq lqtegbawu; qnqburiq
but he wanted him to follow him, he said agreed ; doctor told him
kakpanuf we ; elane irekia irekia, elagare exwozo bialotq ;
do not fear ; they walk, walk, walk, they see women sweeping ;
egevade onodele nisojokoli ilagade igene ekbeno,
when they come to door of king of sky they see men hide,
^gbwoila oragiaisie; kwola, erhebele elagwo oladojokoli
giant spat at them ; they died, all of them he reached king
ekbere ; olariniaubwa, nilqrhegbQ,
where he is ; he stretched hand, he wished to hit him,
olamie kovagie, olasegbeyeke ; onoburiQ
he shouted like thunder, he drew himself back ; doctor said
zelorhegbQ; ogenaubwa oregbovagie, qlarbegbo,
let me hit him ; he stretched hand he shouted again, he hit him,
qnobolalalala jiteza.
doctor rotted in his hips.
8.
Record 200.
Okame dugbe, dugbe, yadugbe oyeme kwa nobelorha
My story goes on, goes on, about a man stupid
92 TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
lojo wimite ; °keyo narhelwe imoliyame
he is the eldest of father's sons ; his next brother a wife had
iyotio dawqnokwozola noworhomioria grheale ;
his mother said go to that woman and ask her for her daughter ;
otio ; aiome rebule kiyome akonomiena
he said ; my mother told me to go to you this your daughter
nurhenime ; otioke ; agerhene
you must give me ; she said " yes " ; when they gave her
oregbonokpozo ze bagwe ; iyQtio kagegbo ;
he flogged the women in the room ; his mother said don't flog her ;
yanonime orakware qrarhidegeafauba oteyoli
go and cut farm he got up and took a new cutlass and went
oravariokato Qrafio oralogua qrafio
he came to a field he cut it down he went into bush he cut it down
iyotio akaiyeme ageyere ;
his mother said if some one went to farm and never came back ;
ogeminkovade otio akwe kiliyamilo
they saw him come he said to-morrow his wife must go
eyasjjvo iyotioki. ogwegekula erhaiale
and take dirt away his mother said " yes." At dawn they went
eiesineku egemiakovare ; oregwa
they took away dirt they saw him coming ; they began to dig
Qgemiakameyolo ; otiola eneza
when he saw that water (rain) is coming ; he told them this hair
newakiena amekamQgbewaili ; etioke kak^leyowa
that you twist if rain falls on it ; they say if they are going home
leduQSQinobelo leregl Kiusome
they carry cocoanut leaf to cover heads they will cover their heads
eyowa. Otiolakeye lmoinemQla
and go home. He said " no I will cany it for you "
etio " e aruzomimoloia ? "
they said " no can some carry some one's head for him / "
Qtiolake ; etiolekaivic erhanaiyowa
he said "yes" ; they said " we can't give it you" they ran home ;
AGBEDE TEXTS. 93
loinarhelo owedawekera ; oranaxwula
he didn't know ; he saw them going ; he ran after them
obiagalare, olakbiagbabuda QraberioraizQfii
he caught them he took his cutlass he cut their heads off
oranekworekpa bonaialoko ;
he put them in his bag like a man who wrent to war ;
Qgedoare ij^io " ee " ; afakwa
when he got home his mother said " Ah " ; it's a great pity
otiodigiyame otioemolovo
she said where are your wives he said they are vexed
eowesugeobola. Mezamola otio
they are on the road there. I carry their heads for them he said ;
akpa rhieramoloiyo, otio ;
no one ever carries some one's head for him, he said ;
lomie kametue qtiodigilo ; qladwekpare,
he saw rain ready to fall she said "let me see " ; he fetched his bag,
oladuzomi lakwowoto
he took out the heads and put them on the ground
Qtiotamairhe erbetioke kilozo.
he said to his father ; his father said "all right that he hears."
9.
Becorcl 201.
Okame dugbe dugbe iya dugbedu bj,legi
My story runs then about Edo and a tortoise
biliatabatieli ; etaiyele ozametafi ;
and the tortoise's wife ; they live in time of famine ;
egitio : loiyakweukbekpederhaloia ;
Tortoise said : I am going to wash in my father's river ;
Qragekpeke afiam^ ; otane ; oragwogwolale
he saw some eggs of a bird ; he took them ; he cracked and ate
(on river bank) them ;
94
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
edeneke ortagiyele olagbogikpekeafiamir'e; Qraginezazili.
next day he went and saw the eggs again ; he cracked them again
and ate them,
edeneke orageyQli olabogore, olane
next day he went a^ain he saw the eggs, lie took them
qlatinkpokpokpawo iya. Olagboyali ;
he put one aside. He went again ;
uzolabulore
bush antelope came
kukpederhalo
in his father's river
otio egi
he said '"Tortoise
olarhieneuzo uzotio
to uzo uzo said
ekafwedo uze
the whole country can't take all" he said
oge dobolanire otio
when he brought his hand he said
afiameladuo olatio
bird took him (uzo) he carried it up
qlagetieya ;
he kept one again ;
ngegba otio
you are too big " he said
lolakwe ; Qlariokpeke ; aflame
he is washing ; he gave one of the bird's
eggs
segboyo ? otio uwe,
" Are there any more ? " he said " Yes,
otio vare nuwagwela ;
come on and look at them" ;
ogeokokatiego
when he wanted to take one
oboegwirQ, Qlagu.
his hand broke he died.
10.
noyalizwoiiyo ; okamie
to go to hunt deer ; if he sees
came
rain
Bekoyaogolo
A person likes
otwe QduQsisi, oyokatosoma ; Qxage
falling he takes a gun, he goes to Okatosoma ; when he reaches
sobola gkunore uiimiowa umiowanile
there he puts down his bag in small hut that they build there
gioowu. Ofieta Qtemawo pxagilu
in the bush. He makes a fire he puts game in it when it is cooked
oduloiya
he scrapes it
otiosisi ; olowogwa; okeleyg ;
he lakes his gun again ; he goes inside the bush ; he looks for deer ;
pie uiyami ;
he eats it and drinks water
AGBEDE TEXTS.
95
oxagemiQla ; qkQkqbolula ; Qxazorafi ;
if he sees them ; he covers his body to reach them ; if they don't see
him :
dexqgbewo ;
and he kills them ;
owialowa ;
he cuts off their tails
ovadeowa
he goes home
Qgege.
Ao:esowa,
Qtamaugie, kilogbeyo
glad. When he reaches home, he tells the king, he has killed it ;
Qiiugiezeeyane
he king charges people for him
ekagqsoibqnyoia,
when they reach the place,
mirekalo
to £0 with him
yawere ;
to skin it :
eve
they skin it
otQlaminila ;
he gives them meat ;
Qduobo bili
takes front leg and
elaminekere,
the rest of the meat,
enekereqrhede;
the rest he sells :
lg^sowa ;
they reach home ;
owelo bili agwe
hind lear and neck
okenikeyo
he gives some to his brother
enetekaloyawere
the people that go to
skin it ;
onogbelo
the man who killed it
odugiogie ;
and gives to the king ;
biliyamo ;
and his wife ;
QnQgbQlami okeleli.
the man who kills the game does eat it.
11.
Uti Bi Egi (Snail and Tortoise).
Eraiyele ozam^tefie ora,
Where they live hunger caught them,
aguetag^lo
to go to bring fire for him
egitiorao
Tortoise said to son
wanisuti ;
from house of snail ;
ogegare, ute bili
he met them, snail and
mio gelema ; utera kolema nomiegi;.
his small son eating yam ; snail gave a piece of yam to son of
Tortoise ;
gmiegegesowanisute
when he reached house of snail
96
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
ora gweta
he took fire
miolonema
he took yam
oreyowa ;
and went home
obo,
from hand,
egegemio
when Tortoise saw him
otio kutiele ;
he said that snail gave it to him ;
otiosolo
said " Who
etanilo
L
fire which
omorhemana ?
gave you yam V
yonomio
he told his son
oramiQlele
he took it from him
yagwagilo ;
to go and bring for him
emanuterhene ;
the piece of yam that snail gave to him
oregoboyagwa
he went for himself
funulaiya ;
and let it go out ;
egiramiolilele ;
Tortoise took it from him ;
gweta
brought other fire
isote ;
from snail's house
Qgesobolani ute tio alema ;
when he reached the house, snail told him to eat yam ;
eralemagbe.e.e.
they eat the yam all up.
ebo morakwe
where did you get
akixiloloracle ;
he bought it from market
iyonaki akwe.
to market next day.
egitetekalo
Tortoise followed him
Egitio ; onazaminofina
Tortoise said ; in this hungry time
mimawule ? udetio :
fufu now to eat ? snail said :
egitio :
Tortoise said
loialitekali
he would go with him
emaligidg ;
we fight with yams
etionoiara ;
person and go :
eva dulafi ;
fells the yam ;
^revade own,
they go home,
Owegekula uteda odafioo ;
When day broke snail left him behind ;
orageri ; otio
caught him up on road ; he said
ekaduonoiyafi Qnenia
if the yams fell a person the yams take the
ihreginemado lalulu ute
they wrestle witli yams and snail
Qnema nedufi ; eraneoikba ;
the yam that they fell ; they put inside bag ;
egj,sowa ; Qdateneniazele.
Tortoise goes home ; they cook yams and eat.
AGBEDE TKXTS.
97
12.
Agene bilamo (man and wife).
Ireiy.di,
They lived in a place,
eteragu :
his fatlier was dead ;
^aiaiyQrao ;
they had a child
iyoragu ;
his mother was dead
egiraxare ;
Tortoise went to see him ;
Qtioiye ;
he said, mother ;
otioegu.
he said they are dead.
arecolosira ;
i his name was Asira ;
Qnomomolegbare ;
the son was not grown
up yet ;
Qtio eta ?
he said, father,
egioiatamgba
Tortoise went and told
the king
onotioze ;
he said sacrifice it
e,i>eraiyowa ;
Tortoise went home
egi
Tortoise
Qratamoba
came and told king
yarhiasira
to go take Asira
Egiraburo Asira
Tortoise went to Asira
gratiosemakpade bili
he took a piece of calabash and
notiegize ;
who said to tortoise sacrifice
Asira
Asira
gbatio
king said to
fio ebarazizobo.
throw him in place of sacrifice.
oratietue bili umi;
h3 took chalk and salt ;
sesemikbo ; grakbono ;
a dirty rag ; he took them all ;
eruebilome
chalk and salt
yoekelukpade ;
put inside calabash
Qratiosira ;
he took Asira ;
graduzo uzomi
he gave to him to carry on head
otioxagbo variowa ;
he said, don't come home again ;
oratio yebara zizobo
he took him to place of sacrifice
kilorheloze ;
they sacrificed him ;
Qragetoobola,
he sat down there
Qtio,
he said,
ogeli gbeloli ;
it would kill him
II.
ebil^rhialo grhegonu ; owegekula
till dark he cried ; when day broke
loialo ovo ; gmemiglo
he could go into bush ; if anything saw him
orekia orbiamie miomozi; otio,
; he walked he saw a small girl ; he said,
98
TEXTS OF OTHEE LANGUAGES.
Qbumolie ?
where are you going ?
Qtio,
she said,
orhielowoto ;
can take her ;
Qtio,
he said,
vare ;
come ;
erekia ;
they walked ;
otio
she said
Qrakbo miokbozo;
he saw a woman ;
kononrielo
anv one who saw her
nomielo
anyone who saw her
kilorbioleoto ;
L -II. L '
I take you from the ground ;
eragba itueva ;
they were two now ;
otio ebumolie ?
he said where are you going ?
orhiolowoto ; otio, vare ; kilo rhile oto ;
could take her ; he said, come ; I take you from the ground
eragbaituea ; erekia,
they were three now ; they walked,
otio, ebeomolie ?
he said, where are you going ?
otio, vare ; kilorhielewoto
he said, come ; I take you
Eraloekqlokato ragbeli ;
They went far in the fields far, far ;
era giumio aoka noyawaitare afoba : grheali -
they sent the boy to go to bring tire from king's town ; he went ;
orhamwairhagila ; erafii : eraki,limare
he went and brought fire for them ; they made it ; they ate
eleli ; eya enabulo
every day ; people ran to
egezezQgbe, bu
very
Qtio,
he said,
ename agene,
there came a man,
nomielo orhielowoto ;
anyone can take me ;
eragbaitueji.
they were four now.
era bj,seo :
thev made a small house :
Asira
Asira
were numerous,
Qralwekelafe ;
they made a head of the family
riQn^kpozoniso ; Qnasudagbala :
women got their places ; they made a big road
abialoia. aretikpobawo.
they swept it, they spread cloth on it.
afelo
his people
qraialiqke ;
he made a proper house ;
riQnigenQinso ;
men got their house places ;
elelQ
every day
UZAITUI TEXTS.
00
UZAITUI.
1.
Record 223.
Imaiaisua,
aremiseame ; ivoimesua.
" We are going hunting,
cook yams for me " ; "I am ready to go."
imagQkbako,
agQieadoboiere
Vhen we start,
we reach where we are going to hunt ;
ageregbase ;
we make a small house ;
imareremai ;
we put out food ;
ikiawanamekiawana ;
let us go this way or that ;
imareremao imakwerhai
we put down our bags, we light a tire
imagerevoima ;
go take our things [we say to ourselves] ;
imakereake ;
we go and wait ;
i;miitsitsirieno,
I point my gun,
iidauaiotoi ;
I find it on the ground ;
ikerekomo, igerefine,
I take aim at it, I fire,
nnwo ;
I catch hold of it
ikeremielami,
I see an animal,
ienedotoiaire
I run to the place
iibeno ;
I skin it :
iketeweoio onimakweaiswa
qkeremiemieme,
T shout to call the man who is hunting with me ; he answers me,
{lit., him and we together are hunting.)
Qkerenabade abokereadere ;
he comes when he comes
lgereomaare ;
I tell him to come ;
eromaitsemimie itiewabimuza ir^mieekelame
he asks what is the matter ; I say where I stand I saw an animal
anabade ; igerepfmai
run fast ; so I fired I search to meet it there
igerenodaiire
1 caught it ;
ikerebeno;
I cut it with my cutlass ;
ikerecefioana ; abuwaduaigwa ;
I brought it here where you find it now ;
ukereametsemimie ; j.kereevainiQgvvie
you asked me what was the matter ; so I said come and I'll tell you
H 2
obigerebeno^ne ;
When I finished cutting it ;
ikerewegiewa
so I called you
100
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
ugerenavai itiegwoi wotoi ; okereametsabimali
so you ran up I said : look at it on the ground ; " what can we do with
otoiikia ? iketioi, imaigevai : okereomeyeke ;
it now" ? so I say, we can cut it up ; he says " all right :; ;
okedefiesai kwo otoi
he cuts the leaf of palm tree and lays it on the ground ;
iodwo nelami fio ; imakerevai imakerevaikpo
so we put the animal on it ; we skin it
iivoi enaitsoi ; ierenai
I take his share ; I give to him
iomaidu maketeyafe ;
we carry it home :
when we have skinned it
imakere kwi nekeli,
we tie up tl e meat,
emagerededare
when we reach the water side
ogeriomekisuai eke kwalo :
he said he changes the load he says heavy for him
iminakweakpo iomaideniswa ; iomake gyatiiri :
we wash we carry the load again ; we put load;> down
again ;
makeretiede.
so we rest again,
iioke eduaielu ;
when we take it inside
the house ;
ikete
I tell him
qkereduitsemeame
imakeredu ;
we carry it again ;
owaiseme
my house
Qgue lame nigbe ;
imakere adafere ;
we carry it home ;
ikete gwoi nouioieme
I tell my master ;
qkeretuitsoivo ;
to look at animal I killed ; he takes his share ; he gives me my share
ikereduyelu.
I take it home.
Ii;ie. Northern Nigeria.
1.
Record 301-2.
Wabale ; akawokey^vo : waiesibiiumapfe ;
Come on ; get ready to go ; you know must look out for the house ;
eyalesimimo ; inabelafe ; eyakenyajili neua,
we go to farm to-day ; they are at home ; wTe come back now,
IBIE TEXTS.
101
nena miketobe ; mitqtsejkesine nyainyao
now ; I bring them ; I give something to you quickly ;
mitatsekqsina ; qmeJUiesome;
I bring it, I give it you; go, cut the grass
emailigkeme ;
don't be lazy ;
mienenule
I have what you eat
wekoguanunu;
you can't fetch anunu
oinanokbe
last year at this time
ijaia kasito ;
if you get there, don't
sit down ;
ukiamokegbe
If you get hungry
wekogodimiale,
I can't go anywhere, you can't cut palm nuts,
wekogwatsu; umaliokeme ;
you can't dye cloth ;
uwalusome?
won't you cut the grass ?
miadobiaikia,
mamoguo migwagwagwa,
I alone dig heaps,
uluapfesitq,
you sit down in the house,
qdoki osomine
market people are better ;
alagwilo
will he eat him,
Sdoci ;
on market road :
mitsebesebe;
I alone cut grass
oloseme ;
it tired me ;
you are too lazy ;
olqsqme
it tired me ;
obokagbele
when day breaks
utamekpawe
you take water wash feet
odokia osomine ;
market is better :
okeliokaca
when trader walks,
lonwe dodiseme
it is far, road of farm
weko ;
you say :
akwili,
vulture,
takala
follows him
ukalelemowa
when you are inside house
akwiode
the vulture
aduqswemi.
you cannot obey.
Record 305.
Ogbodode, eyelana ; Imiakebu ejeniusome,
Last evening we were here ; Imiakebu sent messengers,
ikumane elietsueme jibo ;
four people to bring yams for the white man ;
102 TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
alekQrqtsuenemebe, etewejonqfofo,
they brought the yams they gave them to the white man,
onofofoiikpago evanawe eoliekeji,
the white man gave money two to them as they go home,
ekiaramode Imiegba emukumogowa.
as they reach the road of Imiegba they take messenger to house.
Imiakebu ekito jusomi : eliakagukasa
Imiakebu sent again ; let them go and tell
onofofo enalemeji kenivu najusome bulo
the white man to whom they gave yams that the boys that he sends
to him
ki Imiegba ejoode ariwunowe ; lok^to lunie
on the way Imiegba catch them ; it is he who called me
omejogbo kanwekaso onqmuemiegba ; obegwe
let me get man who say to him who gets Imiegba : come here
onoiiiuemiegba qkirobelo ; onopofo qkirogukaso
he who has Imiegba came to him ; the white man says to him
onqmuemiegba kenienaje deiiijj,le
who has Imiegba that the boys they send to me to give
ogbogode ketianeje kimiegba ejodiariwunowe ;
yams yester eve as they go home Imiegba on the road catches them ;
lemikie ekaluebe ; mianono kenwunoneiiiogbo ;
so I say go call you, come ; I don't want you to catch this man ;
k^niiesewe ; imakie kije imwunowe ;
I know them ; I don't say you go catch them to hide :
eneriwimowenq, dabiki nonowq, liainjjo k^miyesQw^
those who catch them, if you find tell me, I want to know them
mikaie yasqwe,, kimiro jusomi anmikaso maikeli nqmwewe ;
if I know them, I send messenger to Eesident who has you ;
mikajusomi anmikaso Maikele nqmwewe
if I send messenger to say that word Eesident who has
qsomi kotawabe onirime,. kqtalanmo.
you will come to you for that palaver. It is finished.
UPILA AND SOSO TEXTS.
103
Ainyalaisemi ;
We go to farm
KOMINIO.
1.
Record 306.
kefenafesiame ;
you must look out for house ;
ateliako ; elieze ;
enyeyagwebe ;
we go make heaps for farm ; we plant yams ; yams grow ;
aiagbebwiso ; atowekenweata ; oiakoakpasio,
we go clean farm ; we go tie (yams) to sticks ; we plant corn,
akesiesio, akolene aiagbabebwe ; eli^siabia ;
we plant beans, beans we clean with hoe ; yams get big enough to
eat
akelatoijelie ;
we go dig yams ;
nerhoiainyqle.
women cook yams for food.
atzoanenekpotso,
when we finish taking them out,
Soso.
1.
Record 3146.
Obilaxokpaiwoye ; adzotomQmani Qbokpo mitopwobako ;
Yams are chief food ; guinea corn is next ; corn I plant maize ;
initeqneako ; mitoenako ; miteseseakg ; otogogoakg ;
I plant beans ; I plant cotton ; I plant beans ; I plant ogogo (beans) ;
mitalotaodose ;
I plant cassava ;
miaiyanQni ;
I take all the grass
miakifwa.
I plant yams.
eanwebgtala ;
I get new ground ;
miawebe ;
I make heaps ;
miatetagbote ;
I burn trees ;
miagwesoni ;
I pull up grass ;
104
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
Semolika.
1.
Record 318.
Megiokiarneimwebi ;
I go find new ground
m^giokiabusiarne ;
I 20 clear the farm :
okigbode
at dawn
megiokiabizina ;
I go to farm ;
mekisia ekiduame ; omidqgboka ;
I clean as far as I find farm ; we beg people ;
Qmeyanaloebe ;
we go sweep grass ;
mekolibakparobo ;
I plant maize ;
omekesobo ;
time we plant yams ;
omolesietso ; qmiejuwafe ;
we dig yams ; we bring yams home
ome esaniinabo ;
we set fire to it ;
mekolitetaluma ;
I plant " agusV ;
omiligeletio ;
we put sticks to yams
mQkolesinerhobo ;
I plant beans ;
ohwakjfi
in harmattan
ukpokjo'be,
year finished,
orkamegbweralename.
my wife beats fufu for me.
Kamekamukpa mewukpaso, omemarhobo ;
If I want to build house, I put mud, we build house ;
omekiasa ; omiegbukimubo ; mekiamibulasa
we break wood ; we put roof on the house ; I go cut wood for house
omiakpware ; omebo ; omehuze omelesiebo.
we tie the roof ; we cover it ; we rub we move into the house.
Ibilo.
i
1.
Record 321.
Masigbe ;
We cut grass ;
mahwo ;
we burn ;
maho ; inagwa ;
we make heaps ; we dig ;
magwQvie ;
we take yams;
mamalalaf e ;
we take home ;
mahare ; Qfiogbema ;
we eat ; who can kill us ;
obicohigbema
witch can't kill us
gfosomalQgbe ; osamozeminame ;
it is right for our bodies ; good for me ;
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES. 105
mamizo ; mamiakole ; ozeminame ;
we don't see bad ; we don't see war ; good for me ;
ozeminasamafe ogbomkibiame ;
good for my house world where I am born I stay long ;
yaramekupasomobogba ; kolio kgmo ;
town strong for my hand, strong ; old men and children ;
yaramekupagba ; afokukoniamo.
town strong, strong ; my house full of children.
Oiuyono lunamana ; odzrwa ; idzo.
This man is going to make tornado ; he falls ; he falls.
ISUA.
1.
Record 323.
Iminwekofa ; misausiwo ; misanai :
I get new ground ; I cut the grass ; I cut down the trees ;
mihwesanogbe ; mihorikehi mikoikokosibo mikoinumu ;
I burn dry wood ; I make heaps I plant koko yams I plant yams ;
akoikumesibo osetawodielia ; emabosewagwa ;
I plant okro food we plant is ready ; we dig up yams ;
mixwarokweme lokehiename ; aduniema.
women come and take yams they cook for me ; she beats fufu.
106 TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
Okpe. Southern Nigeria. (3 texts.)
1.
Aviulimi ojaisoni ; orunienani amwezire ;
The sons bring cloth ; sons- in-law bring goats ;
areziminani ; atujinoni ; arekunoni ;
they go dance for him ; they dig the grave for him ; they tie him ;
aremuozi ; oniionore, emawoni.
they go to the grave ; when they finish that they cover him up.
Xanabiqmqxami, adegzeni, adabewiri
When one bears a daughter, one takes five cowries, one takes a pot
of palm oil
omonotokparuo ; awemetawQni ;
and one piece of firewood ; one takes to her father ;
oxenoxaiwoni : oreruaiogwa ; oregbevomi ;
she is his wife ; he follows father-in-law to farm ; he cuts grass for
him ;
oremolafwi : izi : arewiknrafi
he gets yams for his father in-law ; corn ; he takes to his father-in-
law ;
ixona arewefi ; okehazia.
beans he takes to his father-in-law ; when she is grown up
gritawamamona ; arebulokowisusini ;
he goes to her father, asks for her ; in nine days we bring her ;
itaworekwioni Qremamwitani :
her father brings kola he takes her, gives her to husband ;
QditwisiligbewQre : oregwogbaweni ;
the husband pays ten shillings ; he calls all the family ;
arekemini. Okehomi, ekuwe.rere, :
they take the things. When he makes it, they call his company ;
iremononani ; qreswigonini :
they come and dance for him ; he brings money for them ;
QrerumozewQ ; qrewerameruo ; adekwiri :
he cooks fufu for them ; he puts meat in it ; they beat drums ;
axemqnoaretu ; areje; ar^wini;
they dance till they go away ; they go away ; they go take it ;
OKPE TEXTS. 107
lrkornlotu ; aredare. Ukwamonofo,
they go to the head of Otu ; they eat there. When they dance finish,
kqroknrovaje, ideloa, irerenjse ;
he goes to his wife, they go into the bouse, they cohabit ;
amine orotekezi, amine qtekqrera,
some it reaches five months, some, it reaches six months,
amine onotukpe, oreniQ. Ozukiomomenema,
some it reaches one year, they become pregnant. When she menstruates
this month,
lukia ikoviaemenema,
when another month comes and she does not menstruate,
qnekinome itarerebqnani ;
she knows she has conceived husband goes divine for her ;
orenkumuwuo Orebia, emekemione ;
he makes medicine for her she goes bear, the child does not die ;
oitani orebonani. Orameokeleomi ;
her husband divines for it. When a woman is ready to bear ;
oruma, ogweixamedede ; orebia ;
she lies down, she calls woman old ; she goes bear ;
arebnlonoko ; arekpiqnia ; arewigbeva ;
they cut the navel ; they go wash ; they take two calabashes ;
arewenomoze, ngbesino ; naziowabia,
they give to small children, to knock ; when it is born inside,
orezioekedekpioni ; adewugbenenomori, adekwereni,
they take it outside to wash ; they take calabashes, they beat them,
aremohoizoa. Aretorame edakwioni ;
they take the child into the house. They boil water to wash her
arekpowowoni oreloa, orevena ; iwu
when they wash finish she comes inside, she lies down ; the afterbirth
aresiesieke ; ademoseawo ; qnobiare
they take it to back house ; put it inside and cover it ; she who has
borne
esarisoekoa. Akezoa Qrerako ; akebiomo,
goes to wash at the place. Seven days she washes when she bears child,
akezeni aref wanokuje aremovezegware ;
in five days they take white to mark they take it out of the
house ;
108
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
ogeginikesini
when it is nine months old
they give cowries
aleotowoni aliimworedobeva :
they take it in the street to near houses ;
aredanani.
they shave it.
orelekwaragbede ;
Oiakehaza ; orediezeni ;
A man grows up ; he gets 500 cowries ; he goes to a blacksmith ;
when
ore to,
he sits down.
uruotaia.
he gets there,
oredimakoneniQri ;
he takes his head against his chest
orekare ekoriwonani :
he tiles his teeth for him ;
agbede oreto rhukoxo :
the blacksmith sits at the back ;
qredotaimunu :
he puts wood in his mouth ;
orediezenani.
then he pays 500 cowries to him.
3.
Oramekoribianome
A girl who has borne no child when she conceives, they go loose the
arefaraogegawoni, ar^sonogulu ; ukwobiato
ogiaga which she has before, they tie ogulu ; when she has borne
arebanaxwqni. Aiyo eto Qmomurhe :
she ties axweni on her head. Aiyo is the hair of a small girl ;
agaiyorhonima : abani
they tie them in strings on the head ; they plait them ; when she has
Qgexworomomuzi, aredemizomima
grown past small girl, they make them in rolls for her on the head :
nome, arelareni ares^nogulu
when she conceives, they loose ini they make ogulu
OTUA TEXTS.
109
aretozudowa :
they put it in at the top
arebeni,
she makes eni
okebiafo,
when she has borne,
arefarogulu
she looses ogulu
oramojo.
she becomes a woman.
Otua (7 texts).
1.
Ikiarezanano
Six months from now
masogobozemi ;
we begin to clean farm
ikiazinyanano atolugbo ;
seven months from now they fire the farms
awono,
they clean them,
jjdagbenano
ten months from now
akokaruo
they plant corn there
okaoxelino,
inn '
corn begins to ripen,
ahiegbelo.
they eat it.
akerekokwo ;
they go plant corn
Ukpogagbe
When the year comes
akerekowilaruo ;
; they plant yams there
anavaore
they take them away
anegbopojjmale ;
they leave only yams
agboribobodi.
they plant cassava.
ahegbezoika ;
they go plant corn ;
ahegbekoileruo,
they plant beans,
jjdanienano
eight months from now
akowilaruo ;
they plant yams there ;
abiegbegbeo,
they begin to pick it,
akerekewono ;
the} go clean again ;
arawalema
when they have planted
yams
arebeokavaore,
when they have taken
the corn,
akolulu,
they plant cotton,
Ukpegagbe onalogwa odalogwawo ;
When new year begins those who work farm go and begin farm ;
110
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
onaiawere
he who is a blacksmith
odosisi
-i
takes his gun and
odaigedewo
takes his doctor's drum
Miwarevare,
When I reach here,
ariqbememexade
the king said I come
odalagnziawo ;
goes make his work ;
odalogbo;
goes hunting ;
odalogwalebowo.
he goes travel.
miigozia,
when I work,
oruanokugbo ;
the hunter who goes
hunting ;
obonaiyobo
he who is a doctor
oredamegobo,
he took my hand,
oriamelinyonoemo enyahanaguno
he said I was to explain words for him so we do now.
aredadume ;
they call me ;
Qredamenauo,
he gave me to him,
3.
Aiyenizizi aitihono onozenasi onoimumwa
Long ago in time of war he who rode horse took this (spear)
okegasoze odosuonani ; aleegbodoino
when he saw anyone he took it and struck them ; they held the spear
atosuo ; oxaletqsuosu, oregbesuebia.
struck so ; when he wanted to strike, he straightened his arm.
Jorord 160.
Tanode akpomena ?
Who is that who sits near me?
Bwalu '.
Batie ?
Aje.
Mqme no ?
Do you mean me ?
Milikiaiawaho.
What do you do \ I come to salute you.
What is your name \ Aje
Odani ? MiegbwQiio, okogbi.
Are you well ? Yes, T am quite well.
EzQmi. IlQgbina wonairi.
They are all right. 1 don't know how the country is now
Elowe ?
How are your people ?
OTUA TEXTS.
Ill
olobQmivare
new I come here
Ozimik^na ;
I do not know ;
ohama sosovai ;
my wife does not come ;
Ohadane ?
Your wife ; how is she ?
ohanoseva ; ihoe ogohama.
the second wife ; I hear she is pregnant
miQgbweno, meorozame.
yes, she has certainly conceived.
M^no ;
I am sorry ;
Miegbw^no itoto.
Yes, she is all right
lirhio ;
I come here ;
Osalobwa no.
Osalobwa means it.
Oriake,
Oriake,
Oriakezemio ;
Oriake is all right ;
arenanqge ;
they take meat ;
5.
Record 161.
Ukpe maiinana ; ekparene gewo ere lumime :
We make ukpe ; chiefs who have the place go and cook fuf u ;
elegqromo oyi qrokqdede,
they cook soup in the afternoon,
mainavarerekbana ; marhanakea mamarikpota.
we bring it to the street here ; we men and women eat the soup.
Odede madaleafe. Rukbebemexo :
When it is finished we go home. Next year we do the same ;
egbe marozemi ; Osomuna ;
body our good ; it keeps us that we don't die (?) ;
marofiato ; Okimdobolo ;
we don't want to be sick (?) ; it won't let trouble come ;
okiroborhanobi.
it does not let witch come to the town.
6.
Record 162.
aienizizi osogakiawole, okasuema
Long ago when people went along road, when they had things
112
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
arhegbeno ;
they killed them ;
agbqfraga anokpako.
they killed them for nothing
awemao ;
they took their things
okakesomoso
if they had nothing
7.
Axaledokposo, iyegene adana inonio ;
When a man buys a girl, 80 cowries he gives to mother ;
aibokwiesigbe ; owemalizi, awanainomo ;
they say : take her, go (?) ; he takes five yams, gives them to mother ;
oigbedumwalu, adanokposo ; oxaxewoza,
he goes buy cloth, gives to the girl ; when she is grown,
oxadalogwa ese odaleogwa, olezimeri ;
he gives her to her husband he goes to the farm, he works ;
oliogwayaga ; oxaxqramogwa ahaferamenu ;
now he makes farm ; when he reaches the farm they take food from
home ;
amqnodalogwa ; aregberelele.
they take food go to farm ; they go home when it is done.
AyManokposo, itaia odarawohagile ;
When he marries the girl, she and her husband are in one house ;
qligbefiava ; orafeiziuia :
he goes fire a gun ; she stays seven days in the house ;
asileizinia ;
oigbelegege,
oigegenexraia ;
they play seven days ; she goes cook, from then she cooks for her
husband :
oxalitaia ;
when she abuses her husband
Qzokpangvie :
she pays him a cock that cries ;
QzoliQgbefo ; azQgbqnene.
palaver goes finish ; they begin to play again.
Oxoxagbi, rxr^gb^resili : gdaievi,
When day comes, the company comes to play ; lie takes kola,
exaiiwanyulQle,
gwanaia
(miwanuiuo,
he gives to them ; he puts gin, when they finish the gin
OTUA TEXTS. 113
ezigbelele. Okposokabiamo, ixraogbusi ;
they go away. When the woman gets a child, the father kills a pig f.
ixra obosi Qmolenibia ; ixramo ohigbiobgsi ;;
her father is glad my daughter has borne a child ; its father is glad ;
ghigbenwogile.
he goes play.
II.
114 TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
SOBO.
Emosoga (4 texts).
1.
Record 187.
Olesasonoyoma ; edehiQfa rio ;
The first one was no good ; so you put another one ;
oyimeda damo olana anemetotawa
J try another one that I must talk loud
wamlasainyo ; komedataowawa lomlasal-
to make other people hear ; so I talk loud that they may all
wero ; rakbqjubewinyo .... odqnime ;
hear ; that all this world may hear . . . my mother is alive ;
odelowodome ; emosoga ; qseme omamoroxwo ;
my native place ; is Emosoga ; my father is a big man ;
oimiideliluokeoibo ; omameluo komieva ; miluo
I go work for the white man ; I get good work to do ; work
qmamilwo, mle mloinamqigo ; ornqgbe rhenqde
good work, [so] I get good money ; I have good health
tumwemi ; rnituwu, mitemiamiq ; Q&Qn§ iyuwe
to go home ; I do not die, I am not sick at all ; so may Ogene bless
lilwo mitumweme.
work to go home.
2.
Record 198 a, b, c.
Esienye onilomo odevie ; odelomqroi
So mother's son had a child ; his son's name
osagale ; osagale owaiye, owoing, osagale
was Osngale ; Osagale got wife. got a son, Osagale
SOBO TEXTS.
115
vleni ; ode bisiowodo ; deleduwexi
went away ; so he went another country ; and made a spear ;
do gkulukpe ; lgmogole bqse lowore, oniloiyi
he made armlet ; his mother before he came, his mother
obleiya ;
went to his wife
odata
she said
loiyi
his own
kiyaroingroiyi
to her son's wife
vemoloii,
with his son,
elexevere
go to
ukbi
bed :
vemora,
wait, my son,
odaliaii iyobevo,
she took them back to bed,
gdata ke eya,
she said to the woman,
aneyememe rele.
then I sleep,
aneyemeyemere ;
then I don't sleep ;
aiyelomoloii
she saw the wife and son
owemi oiyo
to house so
anaiemo ;
he is coming ;
gbewqlukbe,
she took them to
bed,
medawe
-i
I breathe
ane,
if
ylifete
small, small
bogr~i,
roaring,
onilosao;ale ;
mother of Osagale ;
keyara moroii
to her son's wife
Odaveta medawe bogr^i,
So she said I breathe roaring,
odawe ylifete ylifete,
she breathed small small,
qlosiwerekenQ,
who were sleeping with her,
odesorokiko,
so she (Osagale's wife) called other people,
(i.e., son and other wives)
anuwevle,
she woke them all,
anoyiHiirele ;
she never sleeps yet ;
aiyebidafo de
all were quiet
vemolosagale,
son, Osagale,
adagiekbeki ;
they ran to market ;
ogwoneyosagale,
looked for his wife and son,
qbebQme ovlovo ;
she saw no one at all ;
anomergle,
she sleeps,
agexereemera
wait a bit,
qdawegr-i
glukikodabeta ;
the other one said ;
oiadebifere
so they waited a bit
oiye eyalosagale,
both
so she breathed like leopard so wife of Osagale,
aiyobi aibebevle aiedagie aso,
got up softly ran away at night,
okidevie, onilosagale
mother of Osagale
losagale
Osagale's ;
in mornino-,
gwonemo,
looked for his son,
oionilosagrale
so mother of Osagale
yoboviq mure ;
took some stick ;
i 2
116
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
odawofokberie kwodalo
she knocked iron front ;
mawode,
show me the road,
odafokberie
she knocked iron
odemunevio osunele okberie.
so she sang she sang iron,
mawode ; okperie mawode mawode ;
the road ; iron showed the road the road :
teki ;
to market ;
eialemome,
wife of my son,
odameeyasagale,
so she saw wife of Osagale,
mlemqlosagale, eialemome, tine, wagieba,
son of Osagale, wife of my son, hear, stop running,
e, eyalosagale ; aitonemo, aiedagie ;
yes, wife of Osagale ; they begin to run again, they run away ;
eni odakiyayelo : oniosagale oviobomure
head pad they forget ; mother of Osagale took a stick
qdawofini odemimerie, ukoki, mawode,
she knocked (head pad forward) she sang, head pad, show road,
mawode ; oiyi eyalosagale adeteseuno ;
show road ; so wife of Osagale reached trunk of tree ;
imukere, unodefirokrekre ; eyalosagale
tree, become small, tree come down and be small ; wife of Osagale
vemoroii aidalwenuno ; elunogro, nodegro ;
with her son sang to the tree ; tree grow big, grow big ;
oniosagale odeletie ; eyalemome tine wagieba,
mother of Osagale reached there ; her son's wife stopped there now,
oniloii
his mother
e,
yes,
anoxerewe ;
she made it into axe ;
odakwalubiako,
she pulled out tooth,
odefrrewe
it turned axe
odemunqrie ;
she sang :
unokomwagba
tree, sing socg
oluxwivie,
front tooth,
owosiloo,
for cutting tree,
qxwqxwq
field mouse
odqtetiye anihehe, nenode,
reached there ho, big mother,
wagba ;
song ;
konoplwilwolnwolwe ;
that's the hard work we
used to do ;
onana
that
wewire ;
cut with axe ;
diluo lomali,
work old woman,
mimiqwexie ;
T cut tree for you ;
omalilue ;
did not do ;
oiodaweweke,
so she gave him axe
SOBO TEXTS.
117
gxwoxwo nmnea onokoside, side,
field mouse sang tree, join up, join up,
oiyqmale oniosagale
so] old woman heard mother of Osagale
onokodiside ;
tree join up together ;
odakwamibiako ;
pulled out tooth ;
urememixielo
[she said] tree will soon fall
elodabere odemie oniosagale we.
okpilwolowolwe
this is big work I used to do
odevioxwoxwo ;
threw it to field mouse ;
odane.reside ;
but he made it join ; so bush rat took axe from mother of Osagale.
e, nene onake
Yes, my mother this thing
bikomo liiimi^wexi
I help you to cut tree
oniosagale
ode munevio,
he sang,
nokomwagwa wagwa.
sane: a sono;
a song,
odawokelo ;
mother of Osagale
Elodaweta ; momimiewexe
So bush rat said ; I help you to cut tree
elode munevio nokoside side
she gave axe to bush rat ; rat sang join up together.
odakmarako odowohielo ; elodagie ;
She pulled out tooth threw it to bush rat ; bash rat ran away ;
oniosagale odebiviabo wiwerexi wureda odanwe
mother of Osagale began to cut for herself tree bent just ;
aiy osagale ode munevio
bobone odabe bobona ;
bent to one side and another
atuvieli
sang
oromlesagale,
who sees Osagale,
vele vele
sang a song
oyeli,
salute him,
wife of Osagale began to sing
omoko lokbuve,
parrot that goes to Uve,
obiomogbomoli
his mother wants to kill your son
and wife
atuvele ; apiapialokpuve, oromle Osagale
she sang ; hornbill that goes to Uve went, that sees Osagale
oieli, obiomogbomoli atuvele vele vele; omokoda
salute him, mother wants, etc. sang sang sang; so parrot
odata kosagale ane diwoloebone ; oniwe
said to Osagale said what are you doing here ; your mother
evimowele. Osagale daleixi odeviukbeno
oxuia
is killing wife and son. Osagale took spear threw it up
118
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
odagovioviopexi : odadiofome, nodaigi bese
said to spear : if it be war, stop [my mother] before [till]
mioteti ; odeginedaiyi ; osagadeteti ;
I get there ; so it stopped [her] ; so he got there ;
onilada kwalo biako odewoviosagale ; Osagala-
his mother took out tooth she threw it at Osagale ; Osagale
komake ako ;
dodged tooth ;
kogene anoiidelu obo limioma
to Ogene if I do bad thing for
oyole loiyi woniloii be iyolana,
war near my mother day now,
[let my mother kill me to-day]
anikeviexwe, anogenexwoii, ane, obedia
who can kill her son, Ogene will kill her, I say, if not
odavva akakovle.
he dodged it on one side.
ane
I say
Sagadata
So Osagale said
koneloii
my mother
ogenexwoi
god will kill
keviexwile anogenexwoniloii ; odeviixiloii
he said Ogene will kill her ; he threw his spear
I'benu
odagovio ;
he spoke to spear ;
anox^re
turned into
[e]wase,
medicine,
up;
loture
burnt
kexiro-
spear
oniloii ; odevio exi xre xreniloii oniyexi ;
his mother ; he threw spear at at his mother he threw spear ;
odava woniloii; onilodewn; gbelotq ;
he hit his mother ; his mother died ; she fell down ;
Ogenedata; mewali nana ukudi
Ogene said ; When I pass there before glass of rum fell [from
my hand]
onieve beva wabo le;
half kola fell from my hand now ;
mebewali,
I pass again [on way back]
kidi luevo
what are they doing
animorhileno vakbnla
to see what they do in world
akbqla
in world
ogene
Osiene
dese
called
ogbgrane nasala :
cockfowl can't go ;
awowegora oigogene odanoro
they take and sacrifice me so Ogene threw down
gboruane ;
cockfowl ;
medara,
if I go,
ufiur^ge
rope
SOBO TEXTS. 119
toto ; odawulolonene
to the ground ; so he found rope to go up and down
anisidililuebo. OsagalidQgu noiikpisiwodo.
which he used to do Osagale began to speak ': I go another country."
deduwexi dokolukbe bgsimiore onime
lie took his spear, he took matchet, " before I come, my mother
ogyemome geyame luevewa kokie kwa eliya
drove my son and my wife into bush ; she wanted to kill them ',
aiyedeyele enure ; omoko data kowe
but they climbed the tree " ; parrot said to him ;
koiimidetetiye ; medata midelo bemioma akolonime,
when he reached there ; I say if I do bad thing for my mother,.
oxwewe, mibibelo, obeniiomaa,
she will kill me, if I don't do bad, if I do what is not bady
eximexwonime. odegenexwe ; Ogenedata
let spear kill my mother. So it killed her ; Ogene said ;
narowoniloii ; oniloidarorno, Ogenedata ketinelale
wake his mother ; so his mother woke, Ogene said " Go away ;
ibixuomoluxwo ; omoxwoviekayele
who has child must not kill it ; I had a child and fed it every day "
[Ogene said]
Ogene dejuriviyo exiromo obixirewase
Ogene made law there son's spear shall not turn medicine
lodexwoni vakbona oye exidiode obixire
and not kill mother, in this world so spear could not turn
ewase. QgQn§ kewore mikwalali mikworili
medicine. Ogene breathed into me ? I go, I come back,
(i.e., made that law.)
anamo iya edemetise mitigo
I salute [you] my companions put beans I put cowries ;
ubiakwasijo kwokbolukbo ome sielele
Asijo's teeth [are] big big teeth, my own [are] very small and
Osielele Junora do. " m."
my small teeth can't pass another way. I salute you. " Yes."
[all say.]
120
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
Esieye, Ehe.
Well, [Answer] Ehe
oviogbele
poor man to
qmqroyidwa ; odadwemera
it began to grow ; it grew small
an^mikekboweli ;
said I am ready to go to farm ;
3.
aiilo
akwolobalo ;
oyegiele
Ehe. We were
in this world ;
he did not want
nwu. Oiye
aiyovo
odeviqino ;
die. So
some woman
bore a child ;
oniloiyi, onilomona
its mother, the child's mother
mome ;
my son ;
nene. Odawoneto komoroii
said. She roasted vams for her son
onilomona
the child's mother
onilomo
the child's mother
kwoweli ;
to the farm :
odawhurione
cleaned the yams
odatake
said to him
nmoromi e
her son " yes "
onedevie,
the yams ready
wokomoroii ;
gave to her son ;
meneme
I am ready
iara
to go
oioniloii odayala
so his mother went
maye
she did not know
qmorqni e ;
her son said " yes " ;
kwoweli ; onilomo odetoweli ;
to farm ; his mother reached her farm ;
qmqroii vienenelobobuko. Igyede odemudia ;
that her son [he] cried and ran after. On the road he stood ;
erhimi odetetiyi asalqmonaiva Qrhimi
millipede reached there where the child was millipede
datakqmqna :
said to child :
angmonablqlekeve ;
to cut him half a yam
qmqnaneijo,
I can't,
anyniseblokowe
I can't cut it for you at all
jneiH'vntokeNve :
my mother roasted it for me
miseblokowe oiye
I can't cut it for you so
delQtuwirowo ; erhimidatakomona:
climbed to malleolus ; millipede said to child :
qmqiienana ;
a small yam like that ;
waniiniblnkowe :
why can't you cut it ;
qrliimidalqlqniqnukown,
millipede climbed up his leg,
aniblql^kevQ ;
cut me half a yam ;
SOBO TEXTS.
121
an;m iseblokowe
I can't cut you half a yam
babo,
my father,
lalclalc ;
is climbing ;
giente ;
otenule,
he does not go up, rui
odalalelale ;
he climbed and climbed
oiomonademunevio :
e"«i n 1 *-
so child, that, began to sing :
neno, gierite, erhimi
my mother, run, millipede
tegwalelimoko ; gierite ; ototole,
to the parrot's comb ; run ; he does not go down,
erhimidebimoa elalo ;
giente,
run to me,
millipede begins to climb up ;
deteragbo ; anomona
he reached the knee ; to child
omqnenana ;
small yam like that
blqlekeve : omonanimikeblokowe ;
he called : cut me half a yam ;
^nenewotokewe wanimiblokowe ?
my mother roasted it for me why should I cut it for you ?
mj,seblokowe ; erhimidebimovio elalo, qdalalituxoxi ;
I can't cut it ; millipede began to climb up, he reached the
navel ;
niblonekewe ;
cut me half a yam ;
omqnenana ;
small yam like that ;
irhidebetakomona,
he said to child,
erhimi,
millipede,
qmqnanj.mikeblqkowe
child said 1 can't cut for you
inenewotqkewe,
my mother roasted it for me,
owowi none wo vie ;
I feel as if I must cry to-da^
qmqnademuniq babo
child began to sing
erhimilalelale
millipede is climbing
wanimiblokowe ;
why should I cut it for you ;
m^keblekgwe ;
I can't cut it for you ;
father
oto tqle
he does not go down
erhimidebimuvio
millipede begins to climb
erhimi dabeta komona
millipede said to boy
gierite
come
tegwalelimoko,
to the parrot's comb,
otenule
run, he does not go up
elalo, lalelale ; deletoxoli ;
up, up, up ; he reached the neck ;
blqnqkeve;
cut me half a yam
giente
neno
giente
mother
come
gierite ;
tb,
run ;
gierite ;
go up
run ;
omonaneyo
child said " no
122
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
animikeblgkowe ;
I can't cut it for you ;
wojamle onemena
you can't see my yam
owuwewowu none
you are going to die to-day
liaa, nonee : omonade muneo
eat, to-day ; boy began to sing
neno gierite ; erhimilalelaTi
father run mother run ; millipede is climbing
tegwali imoko ; gierite, ototole, <jierite
to the house of the parrot ; run, he does not go up,
babo gierite
run,
gierite.
otenule
he does not descend
oda lalelali
he went up and up
aniblolekewe ;
cut me half a yam ;
omonenana,
small yam like that, my mother roasted it for me ;
erhiniidebe muvie clalo ;
run. Millipede began to climb up ;
deletunu. erhimidabe takomona
to the mouth. Millipede said to boy
qinonaneyo, onemikiakowv,
boy said " no," I can't cut you half a yam,
JLQenewotokeve ;
odaialajewevo
she went and left
me
rpoweli :
to farm :
nenime blonime
I said to myself
medamerhimi,
I saw a millipede,
erhimidebemnvio elalo
; millipede began to climb :
babo
father run
mebebeva
I met no one
koiodikpokpnwu
millipede was troubling me
odetelelqluwe ;
he reached the nose ;
gierite
neno
mother
lente
run,
kpoweli ;
to go to farm ;
micnede;
on the road ;
fikiloneme;
with a yam palaver ;
omonademunio
boy began to sing
erhimilalelalc tegualimoko,
millipede is climbing to the parrot's house
gierite ; otenule, gierite ;
run ; lie does not go down, run ;
uwelomona ozikponolwole, oionilQmqn adagie
into child's nose he climbed and went inside it, so his mother ran up
nowelire, oselomonodenokpaie :
from farm, child's father ran from bush palm oil place ;
onilomona owigbgviomure Qwqkarhierhimi,
child's mother took small stick to draw millipede down,
ototole,
, he does not go up,
Qrhimigdalwevoluwe
millipede climbed up
S0T30 TEXTS.
123
osqlqmqnamudia ; aiarimavavio bqvio eihime ekarie
child's father stopped ; both set to work to take out millipede
lomlasano imwelomqlaiye ; ublolqrliiini
to make it come out of child's nose ; half a millipede
odexivioto ublokjko odadagievluriwe, ;
fell to ground half millipede half stayed inside the nose ;
alulululu obisenofa ; ubloyeodegbo
they tried in vain he can't come out again ; so half rotted
vio evo luriwe ; odexjreuhuluriwe ;
there in the nose ; he blew his water from nose ;
oxwo lorimo owuri ; eihinii vomona, koiye
man sick of catarrh ; millipede and child, it breathed it out
wqlqriakbo ; eye iyabemle oxwo loriuurhi
into the world ; if not we should not see man sick of cold
davo vakbola; erhimivomana koiwolorhie ;
who is in the world ; millipede and child so he breathed it out ;
mekpolali mekporili ; anamo. " Iya." Ubiakwasijo
I go, I come back ; 1 stop. " Ah." A woman's tooth
kwokbulokbo ; omesielele, osielekiunola ;
[is] big tooth ; my own are small, and can't leave my mouth ;
qgenedaveta on^si dielzelakbola ? ogenedesegburoni,
Ogene said what do they do in world ? Ogene called cock fowl,
leno obolelwe oboronenemesala ;
go and see what they do cock fowl said I can't ;
anawolwegora ; QgQne odeseeklmlo
they'll take me to sacrifice ; Ogene called a he-goat
anumorikpakbo ; delenebuloluewo ; ekblone
to go and see the world ; see what they are doing ; he-goat said
mesalaha aowegiye ; qiagene qnqlq fwir^ge
" I can't go they'll sacrifice me " ; so Ogene let down rope and
came down
toto ; odawulolonene odanqnisidialwe ;
to earth ; came down with rope to see what they did ;
onilqmqnadegu mewoneto fioHiqneobo ;
the child's mother said " I roast yam for my son and put it in his hand ;
124
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
medariyara,
yovo,
I leave him,
kpoweli ;
go to farm :
maiye
I don't know
qwokpanobako
lie followed after me
b^giede
on road
erhimidayalowe
millipede asked him for yam
onoiyesake oyerhimi odalwo uriwelo ;
" I can't give yams " so millipede began to climb and go into his
lomome
my son
:arie,
scratched and scratched,
obibino ;
it did not come out ;
ublodebluje ; Ogenedata ; ketinelale erhimi osenio ;
lialf was left"; Ogenesaid; "from to-day on" millipede can't
hear ;
lodaiyaromome oganejurivio koiyi erhimi
he asks yam from my son Ogene made a law if millipede
oyo omo one eyalo vigiede ; kitenelale erhimi
asks child for yams on road ; " from to-day on " millipede
oserionu lowotota korakbo Qgene odejeserio
can't open mouth to speak to a person Ogene put a law.
yelamelevlewa : Ototake olakboinyo. Olelio.
for bush animals : he can't speak to a person. It is finished.
4.
Bini Story told in Sobo, cf. p. 21.
Oiyena odeloyi Bobose ;
Her name Bobose :
odeloseloi ovie ; Qg^ne
father's name is slave : O^ene
odelosialoii.
her husband's name.
Ogene k\vobol§ aiye loii anoliyqli ;
Ogene went to his wife to salute her ;
anomolaxjxa
I want to play with you "
anuluese ;
" I thank you ;
aya mavadax^xa ; axixaxaxaxa;
they two played ; played, played, played
wokoniloii ; QlQv2 osali lmixixa ;
for her mother ; then husband her played
qnwotawqta ;
you tell the truth ;
ode blole
she cut yams
ole, odakiQlo
vams, she forgot
SOBO TEXTS.
L25
oniloii
his mother
otitiye
reached there
Bobose said yamsy
nqgenenyu ;
don't let Ogene hear ;
kogenenyo :
for Ogene here
oniloii data komeme wololo noxjrqle ; nmaroii
his mother told me look out for on fire yams ; my son
qdata koniloii noxirone mewoxixana alubiwe ;
told mother his roast yams for me I used to play eyes turned ;
onilqdata anjjnikexele qlqna, oweleotokofia
she said to him I can't roast yams yams these, if you like make them
burn
owelotokofia ;
if you like to make yams burn ;
onilokowo oiyogenedenye. Bobose qdata ole,
his mother made palaver and Ogene heard.
one mi mebebe woto
my yams carefully roast
welonime wodauxwo
you are my mother ; you have made palaver
qdaleegia leaxwure ; odikbiirie, odata kexai,
he takes soup and spoilt it , she went to water side, said to sand(?),
odarienu ; odeyerugbenn ;
came up ; went up the hill ;
odilitugovo oniloideblo ;
at midday so her mother went to him ;
animelewe ; molekbumweme
to beg something of her ; to go home
nimikekpumweme, mevgneto, leyo
I can't go home, I roast yams, I get them
wodekbweli ; kogenenyo. Oniloii
she shouted ; Ogene heard. Her mother
wargmomekere
my child to come out
aidebrokwurie,
and come home ; so her child's company
aidatake nomorekpnmweme
they said she must come home
anoikekpumwemi. Onilqdisigele
She called igele
oiyi
so she
anorhienu
come up ;
qdawiriokexwo
she kept on washing herself
wurie
at water side
anemekia,
" I can't come,
qgenenyo
for Ogene here
odeblo ;
she went :
otu romoroii
company my
nqrinmweme ; oiye otulomoroii
annwebeko
she beofired
they went to the watery
anoiikukpumweme
" I can't go home
I canH go home."
lowodoyebe ;
that live for that country
126
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
anQwebiko walomomekebe ; sqlioxrolovava
she begged them to beg her child for her ; if she come inside house
qkexexexoxo ; anoiyeberiofa ; oniloidata keggene,
to wash ; she says she can't come in again ; she said to Ogene,
ane gbagbo bela latake sore, wikilidie qsewe.
make Ogene go
say her child, because he was his friend.
vurie ; qgenedatake aneyare ; odabetake
to water ; Ogene said come out ; she said
anisikenowe qgenedavitake nis^kenove ;
near me Ogene said come near me ;
odeflogene, toietogene
she held Ogene, she put hand on Ogene
aiarimava ; odexireo ururhuleli
they two ; they turned fish with fish tails
vwame koieliwuwurhurhu vwame.
in the water they got fishes' tails in the water.
Oiyqgenedeblo
So Ogene went
kogene
to Ogene [come]
oiogonede sikene ;
so Ogene went near ;
aiedexeteyame
all two fell in water
Iyede.
1.
Record 282.
Akbema, afqgbogbo agbobokamaihia
We cut farm, we cut bush trees cut, we fire bush
akewerafa, akbodu, aulebe
we clear sticks away, we plant yams, we clear weeds
enaijuakihie akawolgkwa waniekboubenu akawabele,
we put in sticks we run the yams up the sticks we train them up,
elekiblabo, iblabonokariile
yams cut hands, i.e., are full grown, yams cut hands before we begin
to eat
iziiiikevwaipedu ; olele.
in nine months we dig yams and put in stack ; that's finished.
SOBO TEXTS.
12*
AmemQinexlaka
agboi atorhe
We cut farm, cassava we cut trees, we set fire
eyanawenekako kemedaka
women finish clearing and plant cassava
melamiwule eyanakevwo ;
in seven months women begin digging ;
kario, olele.
we eat, it is finished.
eyananakewe,
women clear small
wood,
akqnekekbgbe,,
we clear grass when
we finish planting,
eriwuye Qgbe,
they grind it they cook,
Ovu.
1.
adanwanu
Ekberiwa adanwanu kagbo adagbano,
We clean farm, when we finish we cut trees when we have cut,
katorhe kesixwiri kevolo edevolonukeeime
we set fire we brush it we plant yams when we have planted farm
we put small sticks
kavoro enedaigie kavagbalo
we brush weeds when yams grow we tie them
Qinelamerha
in three months
kawabene ;
we take tendrils
melaiiwule yeneblabgle ameworebe.
in seven months it cuts hands we clear grass
again.
Melamisile kariole emelamixwe kevwqne ; kawekberu,
In nine months we eat in ten months we finish ; we take to stack,
kafaro. Olele.
we stack them. Finish.
Kakemedaka kaverebeo gdawelebiQnu
We plant cassava we brush farm when we finish brushing
emelamirhili kevwemedaka edevwure, kaxwure
in nine months we dig up cassava when we bring it, we wash it
iyanaka ixwiye, kemio; okederhie kec^ ; ker^r;,
women grind it, dry it ; at daybreak they cook it ; we eat,
kario. Olele.
we eat. End.
128
TEXTS OF OTHER LANGUAGES.
Ekbenwa,
We cut farm,
amelivie eraneo,
we set fire to farm,
Record 278.
ameiiwa,
we brush farm,
amebelagboo
we cut big trees
imikpexwele, imelexwolo
we clear away small wood, we plant yams
belebelive, imelexwolo omejere meraworo,
cut in two, we plant yams they grow up we clear the ground,
ekecimo ometabo, awugino, okawugino,
we put the sticks yams grow, they climb up when they climb,
emelairini egba, kelevwoi, evwoicumwomi
nine months complete, it is time to dig them, we bring yams home
k^tii, edecerelea, awekpedu.
they are there, they eat them, they tie them up.
SECTION III.
EDO GRAMMAR
WITH APPENDIX ON WANO.
II.
GRAMMAR OF THE EDO LANGUAGE.
The family of languages whose distribution is here described,
appears to be distinct from those of the surrounding peoples,
which are, on the south, the Tjo ; on the west, the Yoruba ;
on the north-west and north, tribes of the Yoruba stock ; on
the north-east, the Igbira, on the east, but on the other
bank of the Niger, are the Igara, at Ida ; then come, on the
west bank of the Niger, various branches of the Ibos, who
extend down into the Ijo territory.
Certain words appear to be common to the Edo and other
families of languages, but in some cases their prevalence in
both families can be readily explained, and in any case, their
number is far too few to afford the presumption of any
relation between the languages, whose syntax appears to be
entirely different. There is a certain resemblance between
the Edo family and the Ewe of Togoland and the Gold Coast,
both in verbal forms and in vocabulary.
Among the words common to Edo and Yoruba, are such
terms as oke (hill), okuta (stone), and the like, and the
reason for their appearance in both families of languages, is
firstly, that the line of kings which formerly ruled the Edo,
came from the Ife country, and that secondly, hills and
stones being virtually unknown in the Edo country, terms
for them would naturally be adopted from the language of
tire immigrants.
There are certain resemblances between the Edo and Ibo
languages, which are more difficult to explain. Parts of the
K 2
132 EDO GRAMMAR.
body for example, like the mouth (unu), are known by
identical names, and • here it is difficult to suggest an
explanation. Finally, there are a certain number of words,
like ekwiye (spoon), which are obviously adopted from a
Eomance Language of Europe, and we need have no difficulty
on deciding on Portuguese as their source, for it is well known
that the Portuguese were in Edo at the beginning of the
sixteenth century.
Orthography.
The consonantal system, as the accompanying table shows,
is comparatively simple for the Edo language proper ; pro-
nunciation varies from tribe to tribe, as the comparative
vocabularies show, but the differences cannot be adequately
indicated ; in the Ishan country, for example, it is more
guttural than in the Edo country ; and it was impossible to
map them out systematically in the short time at my disposal
The chief points to be noted are as follows* : —
(a) In Edo and some of the other languages (t) is some-
times pronounced with the tip of the tongue on
the roof of the mouth, as in ta, an interjection ; d
pronounced in the same way is hardly dis-
tinguishable from r, as, in e rhumu diadi a, butterfly ;
in a certain number of words p and b are
pronounced in a way that makes them almost
indistinguishable from w and m ; they are possibly
inspired, as is the case in the Wano language
(Agenegbode), but are more probably pronounced
with " mouth breath."
(b) F and v are always pronounced with lower lip and
upper teeth, w with both lips. X and y are the
soft sounds heard in Scottish loch and North-
German Tag ; y is retained in its ordinary
* Unless otherwise stated the language referred to is Edo (Bini).
EDO GRAMMAR.
133
CD
o
o3
c
CO
o
o
<D
H
•sp^oA-jpH (^)
l ►. | i M i *
•sa^.ndsuj (/)
1 I I i 1 i I 1
•S{13S13j£ (d)
I -a I l * "- 1 s
*s+uiguog (p)
1 I I 1 - 1 1 1
'SQAI^OIIJ (p)
'ssPfW (?)
■ i i i :• 1 1 1 1
•S8Aiso{dxg; (#)
Aspirate ...
Gutturals...
Palatals ...
Dentals
Denti-labials
Labials ...
134 EDO GRAMMAR.
signification as a matter of convenience ; scien-
tifically the sound which it represents is a variant
of those shown by y and y.
(c) E is formed in the same way as in English without
trill ; a variant of it is r, almost identical with d ;
rh is slightly trilled and sounded almost as if h
precedes.
(d) L and n are almost indistinguishable, as in elimi.
The vowel system is less easy ; it is as follows : —
u i u
i s
e o
« °
A is as in father, a as in madame (Fr.) ; e, e,, e, e,, are open
and of diminishing length, e is closed, as in name ; o, o, q, are
open and of diminishing length ; o is closed : u is between
o and u.
Ai, ei (rare), oi, au, are always diphthongs. Very rarely
the u sound is heard.
A, q, i, o and u are nasalised.
Nouns.
The only nouns of which it is possible to see the derivation
at first sight are those derived from verbs, which take the
form of the third person singular, as qdukmon, maker of
cloth, gbo, doctor (literally, he makes cloth, he divines).
Compound nouns are common; am §11 we, milk (water of
the breast), Qrhiye, mother's father.
EDO GRAMMAE. 135
Some nouns beginning with o, or q, form a plural by-
changing the initial vowel into i; ox wo, woman, ixwo;
oxaimi, chief, ix aim i. A certain number form the plural
in e, qbo, doctor, ebo. Use, (week) seems to be a singular
formed by analogy from is§, five, there being according to
native reckoning five days in the week, as they include the
first day of the following week in giving the number.
In other languages of the group other vowel changes are
found as a sign of the plural ; but if these existed in Edo
they have now disappeared ; a certain number of nouns,
however, like ako, teeth, have in Edo the same form as in
the plural of Kukuruku, where the word is eko, tooth, ako,
teeth; this suggests that the Edo form was originally a
plural.
It is noteworthy that the use of the plural form in Edo is
optional.
Adjectives.
The adjective is seldom found in its simplest form ; it is
usually compounded with a personal pronoun or verb or both,
as ok ai, it is dry. The adjective follows the noun it qualifies ;
QmQ da, bad boy (da = bad). Adjectives have two degrees
of comparison, as qkpalo, big ; qkpalQse, bigger (literally,
big past).
Numerals.
The accompanying table shows the numerals up to twenty
in six different languages. Though the forms differ con-
siderably, the numerals may be arranged in two groups,
according to the way in which the numbers from fifteen to
twenty are formed. This is as follows : —
136
EDO GRAMMAR.
CO
Okpa.
eva.
ea.
me.
is^n.
eha.
ihino.
ilele.
isini.
igbe.
igboloa.
igbeva.
igbeha.
igbene.
igbehele.
okpaiigbehele.
evaigbehele.
eraigbeheli.
ineigbeheli.
ue.
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me
ise
eha
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elele
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rHrHrHrHTHrHi-lTHTHi-ICq
EDO GRAMMAR.
137
Edo.
Aroko and
Otua.
Uzaitui and
Sobo.
Ishan.
15
16
20-5
20-4
10 + 5
20-4
10 + 5
10 + 6
10 + 5
1 + 10 + 5
and so on.
A different grouping is given by the formation of the
numbers between twenty and one hundred ; all form them
vicesimally, but Edo and Ishan subtract from the number
next above to form the odd tens, while the remainder add ;
thus fifty is in Edo ikigbesia (60-10), but ujuvegbixwe
40+10) in Sobo.
The numerals from one to five, ten and twenty appear to
be independent ; six in Otua seems to be a derivative of five,
as also does seven ; eight may be equivalent to four plus four,
(or, it may be, three plus five), and nine to five plus four.
Pronouns.
The personal pronouns
are as follows : —
Subject.
Object.
1. i, ti, me, mqme, memo, mo ...
. . . mq.
2. We, u, nuna ...
... we, q.
3. O, ona, oi, loi, le
... le, e, o
1. pi. Ma
ma.
2. Wa
wa.
3. ;na, inano, ana, a
. . . ma.
The pronoun precedes the verb as subject save in inverted
sentences and follows it as object ; but in the case of
separable verbs it follows the main verb; imwefwa, I
throw it away (from imufwa). A kind of reflexive
138 EDO GRAMMAR
pronoun is formed with obo (hand); memetobQme,
myself ; it does not appear to be used as a proper reflexive,
but only as an emphatic form. Egbeme (my body) must
be used where a reflexive sense proper is found.
A personal pronoun is used even when there is a noun
or relative pronoun as the subject of the verb, Ogisonawq,
Ogiso said; qmanode, the man who bought him. Where
there are two subjects of different persons the pronoun
follows the superior one, Maw q gene, Ogene and I; a
usage to be noted is inavenukpogieva, he and the second
one.
For the possessive pronouns and adjectives forms of the
personal pronouns are used : —
1. Mq
. . . qgomena.
2. We
ogowewo.
3. E,le,oi ...
••• Qg9i>Qgewo<
1. pi Ma
. . . qgoma.
2. Wa
. . . Qgowa.
3. Ina
. . . ogina.
The pronoun is, like many adjectives, used without a verb,
or, more properly contains the verb in itself; ebena
qgomena, this book is mine.
The relative pronoun is ne (see examples 2, 3, 4), the
interrogative is ga, for persons, gade, who is coming; wa,
bwa, ba, bia, bo, for things (see examples 5 and 9).
The interrogative adjective is de for both persons and
things (see examples 7, 10).
Verb.
The verb undergoes no change for person or number.
The tenses are formed as follows : —
Future by ga ; igalue, I shall do it : perfect by ne, or
fo ; iluqnq or iluqfo, I have done it; future perfect
EDO GRAMMAR. 139
by a combination of these ; igaluqne, I shall have
done it; past tense by ke; ikqlue, I did it, I made
it.
For the singular of the imperative the simple form of the
verb is used ; Iuq, do it, make it ; the plural has the same
form as the same person of the present tense, walue,,
do it.
The first and third persons are formed with ni, gu, or
se . . . lai; nihasa, let me pay ; gumeseva, let me reach
there; sqmqlai, nigaxia, let me go. The optative form of
the verb appears to be identical with the present, and is used
with the indefinite personal pronoun, agb;rabiyue, may
your father and mother be killed (may one kill . . .).
A certain number of verbs appear to be negatived in the
simple form and require ga to give them a positive tense,
inqme, I do not marry; igangme, I marry ; iyo, I do not
go; igaiyo, I go.
Occasionally the sentence is inverted and the verb follows
the complement, okwiaxu, you are a man.
There is no passive. Impersonal verbs are replaced by
verbs with noun subjects; amerho (waterfalls); it rains,
cf. Qxweme (shame has me), I am ashamed.
Verbs are simple or compound ; to form the latter two
or more verbs are combined; i so lai, I leave (lai = go),
irhiegade, I bring (I take, go, go); the object follows the
transitive verb ; mqrukpare, bring the lamp.
In sentences of affirmation a negative may be expressed in
three ways ; by ma, by throwing the accent back by inserting
i, or gi, or by vowel change ; ilue, I do it ; imalue, I do not
do it; ide, I come ; ide, I do not come ; ixia, I go; lixia,
I do not go ; ilai, I go; igilai, I do not go ; orowa, he is at
home; erowa, he is not at home; Qnabie, she bore;
gnqbie, she did not bear (a child).
With the imperative the negative is expressed by ge, or
(with a) by inserting i or re; mudia, stop ; gemudia, do not
stop; agbe, let him beat; aigbe, let him not beat; aixwe,
let him beat ; arqxwe, let him not beat.
140
EDO GRAMMAR.
It frequently happens that a negative cannot be expressed
directly ; thus, to say " no one came," a periphrasis is
employed; komai koma no re ero, anyone who came was
not there ; the negative must in such cases be expressed by
the verb.
Preposition*.
The prepositions are : —
we, be, u, in, among; wuvu, in the hole ; ukirha, among
the trees,
f i, into ; f ioha, into the bush,
uhume, up, upon ; uhumoke, up the hill,
oto, under ; ototerha, under the tree,
inbera, over ; inberawa, over the house,
iyeke, beyond ; iyekikpoba, beyond Ikpoba.
ke, out of, from ; kedo, from Edo.
adese, between ; adeseneva, between two.
ba, kewi, nia, with ; bame, with me.
ne, for; nime, for me; nu we, in we, unwe, for thee;
ne, for him ; nima, for us ; nuwa, for you ; nina,
for them,
sokma, except; sokmqgene, except Ogene.
Adverbs.
Among the adverbs are
ximuiig unc auvcius aic
*ke
. . then.
*li
.. so.
kwegbe
. . together (literally, mixing).
Qma
. . here.
eva
. . there.
ho
... yes.
he
. . no.
* These are enclitic and must follow the subject of the verb.
EDO
GRAMMAR.
Interrogative adverbs are
inu
how much
dQcle, dekbo ...
when.
dgkbonuki, bokpe,sel
how long.
inukinuki
bQze ...
.
why.
d^wo, de,ke ...
where.
Conjunction*.
The conjunctions are
: —
vi, nia
. . and.
o, lai
..
. . or.
qlu .... elu
. . neither
. . . . nor.
sokma
. . unless.
*gi
. . . when.
ute, ate ...
.. till.
noke
. . . before.
de
... if.
ni ...
...
. . . since.
141
The use of conjunctions is, however, rare ; coordinate
sentences are employed in preference. Orene mekere, he
came before I did (lit., he has come, I then came); umudia,
imudiake, if you stay, I stay too. There is no special
form for dependent sentences; onahogwawagboviele, she
heard the dog beat her son. Oratio ohliqua is introduced by
Qnawe (he said), or by a pronoun, the verb being under-
stood.
Accent and tone.
The dynamic accent falls normally on the penultimate,
but in words ending in ia, ie, oa, ua, etc., it usually falls
on the antepenultimate. "Where the last syllable is con-
tracted, it may fall on it; Qgbe, he killed him. The
incidence of the accent in a sentence varies ; it may remain
142 EDO GRAMMAR.
as in the simple word, morukpare, bring the lamp
(oriikpa) ; or it may fall on the penultimate, okwiaxi, you
area man (okwia); er ha me, my father (erha ; with this
compare lyeme, my mother).
A knowledge of the use of the musical accent or tone is
essential for the comprehension of the Edo languages. Two
tones, the high and the low, are readily distinguishable, and
combinations of these, known as rising and falling tones, are
also found.
The part played by musical accent and stress in dis-
tinguishing words which would otherwise be homonyms may
be illustrated by the word ise, which has at least five
meanings.
ise ... ... rattle.
ise ... ... mancala, a game.
ise five.
ise ... ... amen.
i,se ... ... I am, I get, I reach.
The musical accent also serves to mark a question ; owu>
he is dead ; owii, is he dead ?
The coming together of two vowels is frequently prevented
by the insertion of euphonic letters or by the elision of one ;
ibiekaneha, or ibiekeha, three boys. Sometimes the vowels
coalesce to a diphthong, as in o wuwaiva, lie said : you two :
in this case there Is also a euphonic change of vowel; QWf,
he said, wa, you, eva, two is the full form and as often
happens after w the e is changed into u. Consonants are
changed for euphony ; ikwenie, I answer ; ikexwenie, I
answrered.
APPENDIX A.
WANO GRAMMAR,
For comparison with this I give a brief outline of the
grammar of the Wano language (Agenigbodi) derived from
Father Strub.
The consonantal system is as follows : —
Gutturals . . . k5 kh, g
Palatals ... —
Dentals ... t, d
ts
7>J
s
s, z
r',1'
n
k',g'
fc i
Labio-dentals
Labials
i
p, b
—
w, wh, hw
r,l
in
p'.b'
p, b
P "
m
The vowels are as follows
l
e u
e e o
3 —
a
Singular,
a
Plural,
e, i
e
i
0
e, a
i ...
i, e, a
144 WANO GRAMMAR.
Nouns.
Plurals are formed as follows : —
. . atata, star, itata ; agwa, dog,
egwa.
. . egwe, goat, egwe ; elo, eye, alo.
. . ime, farm.
okpotso, woman, ikpotso, obo,
white man, ibo, obo, doctor,
ebo, ova, man, aiya, obo,
hand, abQ.
u ... i (rarely e) udzo, duiker, idzo.
onoiya, this man, enaiya, these men.
onoiyae, that man, enaiyae, those men.
where there is an adjective, its initial vowel changes to
correspond to that of the noun, e.g.,
egwekpa, one goat, agwakpa, one dog ; akagbomi, new pot,
ekegbomi, new pots ; ogbomi, something new, emaneg-
bomi, new things ; atatagbomi, new star, itategbomi,
new stars ; but imegbomi, new farm.
Adjective.
There are three degrees of comparison : osimi (he is) good
osimine (good past) better ; osiminela (good past all) best.
Possessive Adjective and Pronoun.
mq
Q
Q, oi, i
ma
wa
la, ola
itseme.
itse,.
itsoi.
itsema.
itsewa.
itsela.
WANO GRAMMAR. 145
Relative.
ni, who ; oiyanugbe (oiya ni, ugbe), the
man who killed him.
3rd person sing. : no, who, nio, whom,
pi. ne, nie.
Interrogative Adjective, Pronoun, and Adverbs.
oa, who, erne, what, oyemegona, what man is that ?
emokia, what is it ? emulu, what do yon do ? emedza, why ?
emudzalno, why do you do it ?
ebokia, how is he ? ebulu, how do you do it \
ere, where, eruyi, where do you live ? ekwereuyi, house
where you live.
Personal Pronouns,
Subject. Object.
1. j,, me, meme, mi me, meme.
2. u, ugwe, ugwegwe ... ... ... e, e, q.
3. o, e, a (dep. on vowel of noun) ... o, oi, i.
4. ma ma.
5. wa wa.
6. e, la la, ola.
Impersonal, a.
There is no reflexive ; egbeme (my body) is used to express
the meaning.
Tenses.
Present : iluo.
Future : iraluo.
Future perfect : iraluone.
Perfect : iluone and iluopwe.
Imperative : lu, gwelu, walu.
II. L
146 WANO GRAMMAR.
Moods.
tsimeluo, let me do it.
ikenogu, I want that he dies,
ikenogu, I want that he does not die.
Infinitive : ugbemi, to strike.
Varia.
Occasionally inversion takes place,
oiya ugia, man you are.
Compound subjects are treated as follows : —
Ogene lagime luo : Ogene with me does it.
— — maluo : Ogene with me, we do it.
ogime lu : he and I do it.
magogenemaluo : I and Ogene, we do it.
oili lagoitsevara = he and the second one go.
The negative is expressed in various ways : —
ikia, I go ... ... Ikia, ivakia, iyakia.
iluo, I do it ... ... iluo, ikaluo.
luo, do it ... ... kaluo.
EDO GRAMMAR. 1 4
APPENDIX B.
Examples.
(1) He killed three men :
ggbarheha, E. ; Qgbetuea, Ij. ; qgbanwaia, Ar. ;
ggbahumesa, Ok. ; eesaogbui, Ot. ; Qgbigenea,
Agb. ; Qgbemoialea, Uz. ; oxwiwhera, Aj. ;
okwimasa, Iy. ; gxwixwera, Ag.
(2) The man whom he killed :
qmanogbe, E. ; uwahanogbe, Ij. ; Qgbwamogbe, Ar. ;
olehalenuagbweli, Sa. ; igenogbe, Agb. ; eleyanogbile,
Irua ; menoinulogbe. Uz. ; omonokpebo, Iy. ;
omonoxweliwo, Ag.
(3) The man who killed him :
gmanogbe, E. ; enogbelo, Ij., Ar. ; oiogboni, Ok. ;
onoiyanogbili, Irua ; Qnogboi, Uz.: onoxwelewo, Aj. ;
qmonakpeleo, Iy. ; qmonoxweleo, Ag.
(4) To sit is better than to stand :
notota Qmosenomudia, E. ; unetolomenumiza, Irua.
(5) Why do you do this ? I do it because I wish.
BozenunalwQna ? Ilurio irimigikwe, E. ; emezenelaluro ?
Ilulo, rarekogolemi, Agb. ; bwisenunelwina ?
Iluorumuyiyame, Ij. ; emuyimurono ? Binimioro,
Ok. ; mosesuriyo ? Timio erinitia, Ot. ; bezexolema ?
Uuo oigolime, Es ; fikieme woieluationa ? Fiki-
diwowoluona, Iy.
(6) What do you do every day ? I work in the fields.
Bwalu edagbe ? Igawinawato, E. ; bwalu edede ?
labia wokato, Ij. ; emuliogbire ? Igbedabia, Ar. ;
emwiriaxorifo ? mizitotogbehe, Ok. ; moli-
mokoregbe ? Izimimiyeyi, Ot. ; bwalusedefwani ?
Iabiawokato, Sa.
(7) Which goat do you want ?
Dewenoho ? E. ; ijiremwekore ? Ok. ; ewenawufia ?
Ot. ; ewenobiukile ? Agb. ; giewenaholo ? Es. ;
ewenaniukile ? Uz. ; dedievewogwolo ? Aj.
L 2
148 EDO GRAMMAR
(8) Who is coming ?
Gade, E. ; ano.de, Ar. ; oiyono, Sa. ; olovade, Agb. ;
koovade, Es. ; obade, Uz. ; denovade, Em. ;
amonokianamo, Aj. ; amunabeea, Ag.
(9) What is your name ?
Batirue ? E. ; emanzuze, Ar. ; evaiyere, Ok. ; mazue,
Ot. ; od^wQ, Sa. ; Qbatie, Agb. ; abawe,gye, Uz. ;
bahakie, Em. ; odewero, Aj. ; odeloro, Ag.
(10) When are you going ?
Dgdenoxia, E. ; eduakpare, edonode, Ij. ; ewalonQxware,
Ar. ; karukovala, Ok. ; eruirhiege, Ot. ; egegeubu-
war^ra, Agb. ; egeurekia, Esv. ; egenuraixia, Irua ;
eregeanewazakpa, Uz. ; okerawowokbo, Aj. ; okere-
wotikbo, Iy. ; okevowokbo, Ag.
SECTION IV.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY OF THE
LANGUAGES OF THE EDO-
SPEAKING PEOPLES.
150 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
ABBBEVIATIONS.
Ag. — Agbasa (S.).
Agb. — Agbede (town).
Ageneg. — Agenegbode.
Agv. — Agbede (villages).
Aj.— AJeyubi (S.).
Ar. — Aroko.
Edo. — All languages except Sobo dialects.
Em. — Emosoga (S.).
Es. — Ishan.
Ew.— Ewu (S.).
lb. — Ibie (N. Nigeria).
Ibl. — Ibilo
Is. — Isua „
Iy.-Iyede (S.).
Ko. — Kominio (N. Nigeria).
Ok.— Okpe.
Ot.— Otua.
Sa. — Sabongida.
Sap. — Sapele (S.).
So. — Soso (N. Nigeria).
Ug.-Ugeli (S.).
Hz. — Uzaitui.
The Sobo places are distinguished bv S in brackets.
SECTION IV.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Note. — As a rule the first person singular of the verb is
given. In transitive verbs the object pronoun (le) is often
added.
Abdomen : eku, E. ; ewe, Ar. ; udo, Ok, Ot. ; eke,, Sa., Agb.,
Avg., Es. ; agu, Uz. ; udielimi, lb., Ko. ; ere, (?) So. ; eia,
Is. ; evu, Sobo.
Adult : on wale, E. ; isasa, Ij. ; gmogbQina, Ar. ; Qmoxrume,
Ok. [i.e., boy becomes man] ; esasagele, Ot. ; ohagene,
Agb ; igbama, Es. ; izawe, Uz. ; onoggdo, lb. ; odzewo,
Ko. ; omolodo, So. ; obesinabesina, Is. ; oxwogrogro, Em. ;
oglegle, Aj., Ew.; awotete, Iy.
Animal: alame, E. ; eland, Ij., Ok., Sa., Agb., Uz., Sap., Ew. ;
ena, Ar., Ot.
Ankle : orhuawe, E. ; akukuswe, Ar. ; ugwavulovQ, Ok. ;
axanwe, Sa. ; itulawe, Agb. ; oxunwe, Agv. ; uvirowQ,
Em. ; ahorowq, Aj.
Ant, black : oxia, E. ; lmumu, Ij. ; Ot., Sa., Agb., Uz. ;
imwamwa, Ar. ; izizimi, Ok. ; omumu, Agv. ; umumu,
Es. ; anwinwa, lb. ; imumwa, Ko. ; ikia, So. ; eba, Is. ;
imu, Aj. ; iariwo, Em.
Ant, white: gxa, E. ; exa, Ij. ; ikpala, Ar. ; orhumu, Ok.;
idodolo, Agb. ; olele, Agv. ; aton, Es. ; idodo, Uz. ;
Qlaname, Aj. ; orova, Sap. ; ewQWQ, Em.
152 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Anvil : evie, E. ; ugiaoto, Agb. ; qkezili, Agv.
Arm : obo, E., Ij., Sa., Agb., Agv., Es. (pi. abo), Is., Aj., Ew. ;
orhombo, Ar. ; erha, Ok. ; gobg, Ot. ; otuabQ, lb. ;
okpakobg, Ko. ; otekpe, So.
Arrow : lfeme, E. ; ofeme, itakbo (tipped), Agb. ; ufeme, Agv. ;
ofemi, itakbo, Uz. ; odada, Sap.
Arrow point : uto, E. ; udolo, Agb., Agv. ; izugba, Uz.
Arrow feathers : akwe, E. : ulolo, Agb. ; ulolo, Agv. ;
ulolo, Uz.
Ashes : em we, E. : eriwe, Agb., Uz. ; emo, Agv., Es. ; oria,
Sap.
Ask (question), v. : inolota, E. ; iiiologbo, Agb. ; itamaeda-
tioere, Agv. ; moemoli, Es. : inglogbo (I ask him), Uz. ;
menolota, Aj.
Ask for, v. : inolemi, E. ; ianonu, Ij. ; memilahilawoni, Ok. ;
meminegwe, Ot. ; inologbelimi, Agb. ; inologbemili, Agv. ;
inooia (I ask a man), Es. ; inogbo, Uz.
Attach, v. : igbaimwe, E. ; idiohiwo, Ij. ; migelo, Ot. ; idiQli,
Sa. ; ijuliowo, Agl). ; idioliowo, Agv. ; igbale, Es. ;
idiemina, Uz. ; mikiulo, Em.
Baby : omobo, E. ; omonogbo, Ar., Ot. ; omorexene, Ok. ;
omowe (new child), Agb. ; Qggmgmowe, Uz. ; omofe, lb.,
Ko., Ibl. ; omQfofa, Em. ; omoboba, Sobo.
Back : iyeke, E., Agb. ; ehimi, Ij., Sa. ; nxoxo, Ar. ; ukoko,
Ok. ; iki, Agv. ; ike, Es. ; itsike, Uz. ; ubuko, Em., Sap. :
uglmko, Sobo.
Back house : iyekowa, E., Agb. : ekiguloa, Agv. ; ukokowa, Es.
Bag : ekpo, E., Sap. : Ekba, Es., Uz.
Bandage, v. : igbai, E. ; igbalo, Agb. ; igbale, Agv., Es.
Bar (for door) : okbe, Agb., okene, Agv. ; akava, Uz. ; onurh-
orho, Sap.
Basket (man's) : agma, E. ; akwika, Agb., Uz. ; ukpoli, Agv. ;
akwa, Es. ; osa, Sap.
Basket (woman's) : oxwai, E. ; okba, Agb. : upali, Agv.: oxwali,
Es. ; okba, Uz. ; osa, Sap.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 153
Bath, v. : ixwgwowa, E. ; ikwgwowa, Agb. ; ikowa, Agv. ;
ixglegbea, Es. ; ikwea, Uz.
Be, v. I am a hunter : ohuexi, E. ; ohuailu, Ij. ; agigdekila,
Agb., Uz. ; olmeki, Agv. ; omilohaixi, Es.
I am a farmer : qwexi, E. ; Qwekila, Agb. ; oeleki,
Agv. ; onomugbwQxi, Es. ; ogwimekila, Uz.
I am a blacksmith : ogwixi, E., Agv. ; agbedelu, Ij. ;
ororamikila, Agb.; onologwixo (?) Es. ; ugbidi-
okila, Uz. ; memoguduonwame, Aj. ; mewogii, Ew. ;
meogu, ly.
Afraid, am,, v. : ohamomi ohaigume, E. ; inof we (I pass
through fear), Agb., Agv. ; ofemume, Es. ; ofomume
(fear catches me), Uz.
Angry, am, v. : ohuinume, E. ; owuwume, Agb. ;
ohuhunie, Agv.
Ashamed, am, v. : exuemume, E. ; ekQmume, Agb. ; eko
lilume, Agv. ; exoilome, Es. ; imamomumi, Uz.
Big man, am : ixienowale, E. ; idewokolukpizia, Agb.;
ihulilopihali,Agv.; ikidomai,Es.; ikilemidokpiza,Uz.
Cold, am, v. : oligbime, E. ; oyigbemi, Agb. ; oninig-
beme, Agv. ; uligberni, Es. ; oliliogbemi, Uz.
Content, am, v. : ekovgme, E: ; ixwqle, Ij. ; miko, Ok. ;
ikwe, Agb. ; ikolo, Agv. : ikoli, Es. ; ikwe, Uz. ;
evovqme, Em.
Content, am not, v. : ekomavgme, E. ; isexwe, Ij. ;
miziko, Ok.; imakwe, Agb.; imasexon, Agv., Es. ;
imakwe ; evuiyevame, Em.
Disgusted, am, v. : ihonimioi (I do not wish to see it) ;
ikelenimio, Agb. ; iholonimiQli, Agv.
Olad, am, v. : igQgoi, E. ; igiQgie, Agb. ; igQgo, Agv. ;
igQlQgo, Es. ; igiegie, Uz.
Hungry, am, v. : oliamegbime, E., Agv. ; ozamegbime,
Agb. ; osamugbeme, Uz.
Pleased, am, v. : igogo, E. ; igiegie (I laugh), Agb.,
Uz- 5 ig9g2> Es. ; megQdo, Aj.
Thirsty, am, v. : owamegbime, E. : ozamqgbeme, Agb.,
Agv. ; ohamomegbeme, Es. ; osamogbeme, Uz.
Vexed, am, v. : imohu (I have anger), E. ; imolovou,
154 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Agb. ; inriohu, Agv. ; iva (? = I shout), Es. : imoofu
(I have anger), Uz. ; ivuwiebe, Aj.
Bear child, v. : ivie (omo), Agb., Agv.
Beckon, v. : iyobgtiele, E. ; itobQtio, Agb. : itobotio, Agv. ;
irobotioiya, Es. ; irobqwegioiya, Uz. (I take hand call
man).
Bed : ukbo, E. ; utukbo, Agb. ; ekologu, Agv. ; ukwo, Es. ;
ekbaise, Uz. ; ukbe, Sap., Ew.
Beg for Wife, v. : ilimiainoyemQine, E. ; idolaninorharemimi,
Agb. ; inologbami, Agb. ; ixcainolenohramelimi, Agv. ;
inqgbwami, Uz.
Begin, v. : isoboio [also I catch him], E. ; izuobano, Ar. ;
milena, Ok. : igbare, Agb. ; isobowo, Es. ; igbaede, Uz. ;
mikeluolo, Aj. ; miceluo, Or. ; metibluwe, Iy. : miceluwo,
Ag.
Believe, v. : iyaiyi, E. ; igbaikQlo, Agb. ; igbakigli, Agv. ;
irhQowo, Es. ; itewQWQ, Uz. (I give ear).
Bell: agogo, elo, E., Agb., Agv., Es. ; — (dog) akaba, E., Agb.,
Agv., Es., Uz., Sap.
Bellows : ekwe, E. ; ikie, Agb. ; ekie, Agv. ; ikie, Uz.
Bird : ahiame, E. : aflame, Ij. Sa., Agb. ; afia, Ar. : af^ri, Ok. ;
gafue, Ot. ; afieme, Agv. ; omovQra, Aj., Sap. ; omera, Em.
Bite, v. : ifiaile, E. ; ihianako, Sa. ; ikiono, Agb. : ikiono (take
with mouth), Agv. ; ikulole, Es. ; ikiokioi ? Uz. ;
meromilo, Aj. ; meronie, Iy. ; medoQlo, Ag. ; medomoro,
Em.
Blacksmith : Ogun, E., Sobo ; agbede, Ora, Uz.
Bleed, v. : ituesagie, E. ; itanakwa, Agb. (blood runs away) ;
arkainekwa, Agv. : (?) ikwale, Es. : itaivare (blood comes),
Uz.~
Blood : ^sagie, E. ; e,re, lj., Sa. : oiya, Ar. : adQ, Ok. : it a,
Agb. ; atani, Agv. ; arhali, Es. ; obala, Em., Sap. ; esage,
Aj, Ew., Iy.
Body : Qgb^, E., Es., Ij, Ar, Ok, So. ; §gbe, Agb, Agv. ; ije,gbe,
lb. ; idie,gbe, Ko. ; igb^ligbe, Is. ; Qina, Em, Aj, Ew. ;
Qklgma, Iy. ; omaiyobi, Sap.
Boils, it, v. : ^ti, am^ti, E, Agb. ; gti, Agv, Uz. ; am^xwa, Es.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 155
Bone : ugbQdoko, E. ; akpoka, Tj. ; ugwa, Ar., Agb. ; uwa,
Ok. ; a^ogodu, Sa. ; ogwe,, Agv. ; ugwe, Es. ; owa, Em. ;
osoaso, Aj., Ew., Sap., Iy. ; ugbeku, Sap.
Bore, v. : ihai, E. ; iyalo, Agb. ; ihaloi, Agv. ; ihalqle, Es. ;
ivwali, Uz.
Bow : ohabq, E. ; uzi, Agb., Agv., Uz. ; murabo, Sap.
Bow String : eka ( = tietie), E. ; uka, Agb. ; uka, Agv. ;
oami, Uz.
Boy : awoxa, E., Sa. ; oviamoxu, Tj. ; gmoma, Ar. ; omgze,
Ok. ; ornqfanike, Ot. ; owoxa, Agb. ; owoxa, Es. ; igiwiai,
QgQniQ, Uz. ; ukukwgmo, lb. ; qhiq, Ko. ; omQkeke, So. ;
Qmoka, Is. ; Qmotete, Sobo ; omaba, Iy.
Bracelet: qIquio (brass), E., awelqki, Agb.; ukelu, Agv.;
egiaga (iron), udokoli, Uz.
Brass : ejQmo, E., Agv. ; elomi, Agb.
Break a Bone, v. : ibwefq, E. ; ixiogwa, Agb. ; (?) iihobowalQ.
Uz.
Break, v. : ibwQ, E. ; inuno, Ar. ; ikaloya, Agb. ; imulonia,
Agv. ; iwulgla, Es. ; ikulQla, Uz. ; memirhilo, Aj. ;
memirilie, Iy.
Breast, Woman's : §nwe, E. ; eele, Sa. ; enye, Agb., Agv.,
Uz. ; inye, Es. ; ive, Is. ; ivie, Aj., Ew., Iy. ; evie, Sap. ;
Em.
Breath : qwe, E., Sa. ; ati, Ar. ; arhina, Ok. ; orema,
Ot. ; oyeze, Agb. ; oehie, Agv. ; awo, Es. ; aiye, lb. ;
Ko. ; iye, So. ; ifuiza, Is. ; Em. ; erhi, Aj. ; e;ri, Ew. ;
em§, Iy. ; ubiuxu, Ag.
Bridge : ezenawale, E. ; ekwa, Agb. ; qba, Agv. ; akwa, Es. ;
gkpa, Uz.
Bring, v. : imwere, E. ; imwQvai, Ij. ; imuvare, Ar. ; mimuare,
Ok. ; mimore, Ot. ; memitebe, lb. ; mipase, Ko. ; mimwe,
Aj. ; melore, Iy. ; mewore, Ovu.
Build, v. : ibowa, E., Agv. ; igiowa, Agb. ; iruwa, Es.
Bush : Qgbo, oha, E. ; ogwa, Agb., Uz. ; igwigwi, Agv.
Bush Buck : Qrhue, E., Ij., Ar., Ot. ; erua, Ok. ; etue, Agb.,
Uz. ; orhua, Sobo.
156 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Bush Cow : eha, E. ; ehg, Ij. ; Ok. ; ewq, Ar. ; gwg, Ot. ; eyg,
Agb., Agv. ; aige, Uz. ; ege, lb. ; efa, Is. ; ode, Em. ; oglu,
Aj. ; orele, Ew.
Buy, v. ; ide, E., Ar., Agb., Agv., Uz. ; misoni, Ok. ; raede,
Aj., Em., Iy.
Calabash (Water) : uko, E., Es. ; ukomi, Agb. ; ubele, Agv. ;
emeomi, Uz. ; Calabash (Plate) : okma, E. ; ukpade,
Agb., Uz. ; ugba, Agv., Es. ; oiokpa, Sap.
Call, v. : itiele ihoma, E. ; iakie, Ij. ; meg worn (him), Ok. ;
mizazue, Ot. ; itioiya, Agb. ; iduloikwa, Agv. ; itigli,
Es. ; iwegioi, Uz. ; misele, Aj.
Canoe : oko, E. ; oko, Agb., Agv., Es., Uz., Sap.
Cap : erhu, E., Sap. ; atu, Agb., Agv. ; aru., Es.
Carry (Head), v. : imweniuhumu, E. ; irheheniimo, Ij. ; mimor-
huarima, Ok. ; iduawulomi, Agb. ; iduawuligmo, Agv. :
irhusomesuai, Uz. : munulokpahiomi, Aj. ; Carry
(Back) : imwewowo, E. ; imiduxoxamoni, Ok. ; mir-
horimoa, Ot. ; iduowiyeke, Agb. ; iduowiki, Agv. ;
imuolewowowodekeke, Es. ; irhitsikesuai, Uz. ; Carry
(Hip) : imuexaife, E. ; idusefi, Agb., Agv. ; mimulohebie-
dada, Aj.
Carry (Hakd) ,v. : imwe mobo, E. ; irhubomoi, Ij. ; imuno-
menubo, Ar. ; mimomwa, Ok. ; imulgmoobo, Agb. ;
imwolemqbo, Agv. ; imwolehe, itobomedwo, Es. ; itobg-
medwo, Uz.; miobomu, Aj.
Catch up, v. (? I go on) : igalare, Agb. ; ikoire, Agv. ; ixiakore,
Es. : ikiaware (or, I meet him), Uz.
Cattle, Cow : Qmila, E., Ij. ; ena, ela, Ar., Ok., Ot. ; eniena,
Agb. ; emela, Agv. ; ena, Uz., lb., Ko. ; Qla, So. ; §sue, Is. ;
grhue, Sap. ; amina, Em.
Chameleon : qloxi, E. ; alolokwi, Agb. ; aloxi, Agv. ; ewiwe,
Es. ; olollii, Aj.
Change, Money, v. : imigligo, E. : imiglikpigo, Agb. ; imigligo,
Agv. : ihialigo, Es. ; ifiaiokwai, Uz.
Charcoal : ibi, E. ; ivek>, Agb. ; igiomeli, Agv. ; igiomeli, Es. :
ikpikiamqgi, Uz. ; ibiQ, Sap.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 157
Cheek : Qgba, E., lb., Ko., Em., Ew.; Sap., Iy., Ag. ; irlm, Ij. ;
ekua, Ar. ; e,kpa, Ok., Agb., Agv.; exwa, Ot. ; iti, Es. ; isa,
Uz. ; iduagba, So. ; agya, Is.
Chest : qwq, E. ; ida, Ij. Sa. ; uda, Ar. ; emo, Ok. ; iga, Ot. ;
akanudu, Agb., udu, Agv., Es., Uz. ;'Sobo, aiye, lb., Ko. ;
irenwe, So. ; omu, Is. ; ekodi, Aj.
Chief : Qxaime, pi. ixaimi, E. ; qligili, Ij. ; Qligie, Ar. ; ovie,
Ok. ; okpusa, Ot. ; okairno, Agb., Agv., Uz. ; omoike, lb.,
Ko. ; ita, So. ; awotu, Ew. ; qtota, Sap. ; oletu, Iy. : onetu,
Agb.
Chin : agba, Edo ; agboto, Sobo.
Chisel : ana, E. ; avie,, Agb., Uz. ; ahia, Agv.
Circumcise, excise clitoris, v. : irhue, E. ; iruelqmo, Agb. ;
ituelQmo, Agv. ; irhuelomo, Es. ; itueloiya (a man).
Clay (for house) : eke, E. ; owete, Agb. ; owqre, Agv. ; ekme,
Ewu.
(for pots) : obvve, E. ; ogwe, Agb. ; ibi, Agv. ; agaga,.
Ewu.
Clean, v. : ih wale, E. ; ikia, Agb.; ikia, Agv.; igbolqlia, Es. ;
ikbeminao ?, Uz.
Climb hill, v. : ihioke, E. ; izelege, Agb.; ihaloke, Agv. ; iyadam-
okefere, Es. ; iseokwiege, Uz.
(tree); v.: ihiuhum^ra, E. ; izelukuluta, Agb.; ihalo
kumurha, Agv. ; iadamorhafege, Es. ; iseosomura,.
Uz.
Clitoris : avie, E. ; ikpili, Ar. ; ukpaba, Sa. ; uga, Ok. : usoma-
gba, Ot. ; abege, Agb. ; ukpe, Agv. ; ukpqba, Es. ; ubioxolo,.
Em. ; okoreko, Ew.
Cloth : ukmQfi, E. ; ukbo, Agb. ; aiima, Sap.
Cloud (dark) : amebi, E. ; amesuebili, Agb. ; ameaholu, Agv. i
amoiziebilu, Uz.
Cohabit with, v. : itume, ihuele, E. ; igologwe, Agb. ;
inoinogwe, Agv. ; iviokposogwe, Uz.
Collect, v. : isiekoko, E. ; isiakokore, Agb. ; ikokoiire, Agv. ;
ivwebawekoko, Es. ; (ground nuts), inqnQlaikokQre, Uz..
Comb : oiiya, E. ; aiayeto, Agb. ; oyayeto, Agv. ; uzazetu, Es. ;
azaitu, Uz.
158 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Come : ide, Ed. ; ide, Ij. ; ide,, Ar. ; mede, Ok. ; mide, Ot. ; ivare,
Agb., Agv. ; ivai, Es., Uz. ; amizezi, Is. ; niekia, Em. ; meea,
Aj., Sap. ; meheca, Ug. ; meta, Ew. ; mecaiyo, Iy. ; meaika,
Ag. ; mekia, Ovu.
Compliment, v. : iwomado (I say to man, I salute him), E. ;
iyoxituo (I say to him, I salute him), Agb. ; iwexiatuQli,
Agv. ; iyoxiatuQli, Es.
Compound : ekelafe, Agb. ; ekelafe, Agv. ; okbuna, Es. (fence
of house) ; afe, Uz.
Cook, Boil, v. : ile, E. ; inie, Agb., Agv., Es., Uz.
Cooking pot : uwawa, E ; ugwe, Agb. ; owawa, Agv. ; uwawa
(soup), axe (iufu), Es. ; ake [narqze], Uz. ; ewele, Sap.
Cool (make), v. : igagiefuri, E. ; izofo, Agb. ; igoifo, Agv. ;
ifweloli, Es. : izoifwa, Uz.
Count, v. : ikai, E. ; ika, Agb. ; ikale, Agv., Es. ; ikalari, Uz.
Court : adesukpafe, E. ; akotafoa, Agb. ; egodo, Agv. ;
atokpafe, Uz.
Cowries : igo, ikpigo, E.
Cramp : er^ra, E. ; welomakpakpa, Agb. ; iriro, itito, Agv.
Crocodile : agbaka, Qne, E. ; onye, Agb. ; §gile, Es. ; oniada,
Es. ; agbakla, Aj.
Cross (river), v. : ifiezera, E. ; ifedara (I enter river), Agb. ;
ifwqdera, Agv. ; igbqrada, Es. ; idacla, Uz.
Cut, v. : ifiai, E., Uz. ; ivaloi, Ij. ; ivialo, Agb. ; ibiali, Agv.,
Es. ; menyalie, Iy. ; menyamelo, Ag.
Cut up, v. : ivale, E., Es. ; iwanqlo, Agb. ; isol^li, Agv. ;
izoieva, Uz.
Dance, v. : igbe, iku, ikulu, E. ; igbelimi, Agb. ; igbexeli, Es. ;
igbokai, Uz. ; (I play song) migbegbe, Aj. ; migbigbe
Ug., Ag., Ov. ; mikbehao, Em. ; megbeha, ly.
(man's) : isakpaide, E. ; agbenugie, Agb., Agv. okaimoi,
Uz. ; exa, Sap.
(woman's): igbelemokposo, Agb.; igbeminikoxuo, Agv. :
okaikposo, Uz. ; exa, Sap.
Day: ede, E., Es., Sobo; Qle, Agb., Agv., Uz. ; ogo (whole
day), Uz.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 159
To-day : §1q, E. ; ee,le, Agb. ; e,lenQ, Agv. ; eleje. Es. ;
ele,, Uz. ; none, Sobo.
To-morrow : axwe, E. ; akwe, Agb. ; ako, Agv. ; axo
Es. ; akwe, Uz. ; ode, Sobo.
3rd day : ilaxwe, E. ; akwefwa (to-morrow finish), Agb.,
Uz. ; Qtiako, Agv., Es. ; edejelo, Sap ; ereheo, Aj. ;
e.de.glo, Ug. ; qdezQro, En. ; edeyoro, Ag.
4th day : uniede, E. ; akwearesnzi, Agb. ; esedgne, Agv. ;
qdenede, Es. ; udqne, Ug.
5th day : usiqle,, E. ; urelelq, Agb. ; ubelele,, Agv.
6th day : edehaele, E. ; kpeleeraele, Agb. ; edahaqlQ,
Agv.
7th day : edehinoele, E.
8th day : nevedelwane, E.
Yesterday : node, E. ; node, Agb. ; node, Agv. ; node,
Es. ; enenode, Uz. ; ekedele, Sap. ; odeowho, Aj. ;
Qdeokpoli, Ug. ; qderowali, Ag.
3rd day : negedia, E. ; Qnukpenode, Agb. ; inolua,
Agv. ; esedea, Es. ; ejiekpode, Uz. ; edehoevie, Aj. ;
odeglokpoli.
4th day : nege,dene, E. ; inQkpinekbude, Agb. ; esedene,
Agv. ; Es.
5th day: nevuse, E.; eleosikpilizi, Agb. ; qleosuhele, Agv.
6th day: nevedeta, E.
7th day : nevedehino, E.
Deliver a message, v. : igwaxa, ininie, E. ; itaine (I tell),
Agb. ; itamale, Agv. ; itamale, igiqli, Es. ; igioiuso ? (I
say to him, you understand), Uz.
Descend, v. : iture, E. ; irhure, Ij. ; mebepenarike, Ok ;
izelede, Agb. ; ituere, Agv. ; idawohraruqre, Es. ; ikfaiade,
Uz.
Destroy, spoil, v. : irhialua, E. ; itialoiya, Agb. ; itialQria,
Agv. ; idumglia, Es. ; itiala, Uz.
Detach, v. : irhalehi, E. ; irhielowgri, Agb. ; irhiolewgri,
Agv. ; italgle, Es. ; iwadiowo, Uz.
Devastate, v. : igenowa, E. ; itonaleia (burn), Agb. ; itonQlia,
Agv. ; ituglqla, Es. ; itonewola, Uz. (I burn it down).
160 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Dig, v. : itqnoii, E. ; iatoi, Ij. ; igwa, Agb. ; igwanoli, Agv. ;
igwale, Es. ; igwa, Uz.
Dig up, v. : ivw§, E. ; igbololo, Agb. ; igboloji, Agv. ; itinia
(yams), Es. ; igwano, Uz.
Die, v. : iwu, E. ; igu, Agb. ; igulu, Agv. ; iyulu, Es. ; igu, Uz.
Digging stick : ogba, E. ; osui, Agb. ; Ekwia, Agv. ; ogba,
Es. ; otsui, Uz.
Door : exu, E. ; ukazi, Agb. ; eku, Agv. ; exu, Es. ; eku, Uz.
Doorway : onurhu, E. ; imugi, Agb. ; olukwede, Agv. ; ode,
Es. ; unugioa, Uz. ; ekie, Sap. ; alimeke, Ew.
Dream, v. : imina, E. ; iwona, Agb. ; iwohie, Agv. ; iwohie,
Es. ; iwona, Uz. ; memerhemere, Aj.
Dressing pin : ukoti, E. ; uke, Agb. ; ube, Agv.
Drink, v. : iriwo, idai (wine), E. ; rnqrimwo, Ok. ; mihwo,
Ot. ; iyame, idanio, Agb. ; inyame, Agv. ; idainyo,
imwameo, Es. ; iwo, Uz. ; medame, Aj. ; medemu, Ov. ;
medudi, Iy., Ag.
Drive away, v. : ixwefwa, E. ; ixola, Agb. ; ikwQli, Agv. ;
ikulaiekbako, Uz.
Drum, chief's : izaduma, E. ; emaxwelenugie, Agb. ; ebax-
welenugie, Agv. ; abe,be, Uz. ; egedq, Sap.
man's : emogo, E. ; akwema (big), Es.
doctor's : igede, E. ; ikedebo, Agb. ; ikede, Uz.
woman's : emerakpaide, E. ; Qk^ga, Agv. ; ube, Uz.
stick : okqke, E. ; os^kpurokaga, Agb. ; ukpaukidi, Agv.
Dry myself, v. : ixi^gbe, E. ; ikpolegbia, Agb. ; izbol^gbia,
Agv. ; iakaibe, Es. ; ikaigbe, Uz.
Ear : ebg, E., Agv., Es., Sa. ; eo, Ar. ; erho, Ok. ; gozggi, Ot. ;
ezo, Agb. ; ewo, Uz. ; eso, lb., Ko., Ibl., Is., Iy. ; erh^,
Em., Ag. ; orho, Aj., Ew., Sap.
Earring : ikbqmewo, Uz.
East : Ohimi, unwowie, E. ; Qbeleragyiri, Agb. ; e,govoida-
gere, Agv. ; e,ligbia, Uz. ; olivi, Aj.
Eat, v. : irii,mi, il£, E. ; ialimi, Ij. ; meriri, Ok. ; milezi, Ot. ;
iile, Agb. ; ileme, Agv. ; ilebale, Es. ; ile, Uz. ; meliQino
Ag., Aj., Em., Ov. ; meliare, Jy.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 161
don't, v. : iil§, E. ; iale, Ij. ; igoxili, Ar. ; megqmeroni,,
Ok. ; mierilunivo, Ot. ; iile, Agb. ; ilexileme, Agv. ;
megemonao, Aj.
forbid (food), v. : iwa, E. ; igwa, Agb. ; meva, Em.
Eaves : iname, E. ; akeda, Agb., Agv., Uz. ; Qgbede, Es.
Eight : edele, E., Sa., lb., Sobo ; jjete, Agv., Es. ; inyene, Ar.,
Ok. ; enye, Ot., lb. ; inyenie, So. ; inie, Is. ; ele, Agb.,
Uz., Sobo.
Eighteen : ivarawugye, E. ; ikevasue, Ij., Sa. ; kevaresue,
Ar. ; karevuye, Ok. ; azevasowigye, Ot. ; igbele, Agb.,
Uz. ; igbenene, Agv. ; evaigbenebe,- Es. ; igbele, Uz. ;
ixwewenele, Aj. ; ixwigbelele, Em., Ew. ; ixwoligbera,
Sap., Iy.
Elbow : igwabo, E., Es., Agb., Agv. ; ugwabo, Ij. ; ugwobq,
Sa. ; akpagobo, Ar. ; ukoxwaxwa, Ok. ; ukpegabq, lb. ;
ukpabQ, Ko. ; ukpanobo, So. ; usulobQ, Is. ; erhuobq,
Em. ; egorobo, Aj.
Eleven : oworo, E. ; igbelo, Ij. ; igbokpa, Ar., Ot. ; ogberawo,
Ok. ; ugbolo, Sa. ; ugboluo, Agb. ; ugbolu, Agv. ; igboloa,
Es. ; igbeloa, Uz. ; igbaloguo, lb. ; igbaguo, Ko. ;
igbanowo, So. ; oguto, Ibl. ; bebeloda, Is. ; ixwovo, Em. ;
uwovo, Aj. ; ukwovo, Ug. ; uxwovo, Sap., Ag. ; iwovo,,
Enemy: ogia, E., Sa. ; odimi, Ij. , obe, Ar., Ok., Ot. ; obie,
Agb. ; obe, Agv., Uz. ; ovegle, Em. ; ovegile, Aj. ; ukerne,.
Sap. ; oliofle, Iy. ; ovlovlo, Ag.
Exhale, v. : ihewerioto, E. ; iyezeoto, Agb. ; iyehiegoto, Agv.
Extinguish, v. : isiekoto, E. ; isiokoloto, Agb. ; isoikioto,.
Agv. ; imwoladenare, Es. ; ipunoiya, Uz.
Eye, face : alo, E., Agb., Agv., Es., Uz. ; elo (era), Sobo.
Eye, also : ikpalo, Agb., Agv., Ugbelu, Uz., elolo, Es. ;.
ukpelu, lb. ; ukpamelu, Ko. ; idedu, So. ; aru, Is. ; ovaro,,
Aj. ; owaro, Ew.
Eyebrow : ikalo, E. ; egogomelo, Ar. ; oxomilelo, Ot. ; igogelc,
Sa. ; ikokalo, Agb. ; ikalo, Agv. ; itifelu, Es. ; ikpivialcv,,
Uz. ; egbelo, Em., Sap. ; okmaro, Aj.
Eyelashes : it'walo, E. ; etuxuxumele, Ar. ; ituilo, Ok. ;
II. m
162 COMPAEATIVE DICTIONARY.
utukwimilo, Ofc. ; iruelo, Sa. ; ivovalo, Agb. ; ifualo, Agv. ;
ihuelo, Es. ; ifufwalo, Uz. : etuelo, Em., Sap. ; ifofaro,
Aj.
Fall, v. ; ide, E. ; ide, Agb. ; idere, Es. ; ide., Uz.
Family : egbe, E. ; eale, Sa. ; uzizi, Agb. ; unwele, Agv. ;
egbe, Es. ; usisi, Uz. ; inyogo, lb., Ko. ; iminyo, Ibl. ;
obinowe, Is. ; olwa, Em. ; ekulu, Aj., Ew.
Farm : ugbo, E. ; ime, Agb., Uz.
Old : ogo, E.
Fell a tree, v. : ileragboto, igbehra, E. ; igbohra, Agb. ;
ihioradio, Es. ; ifioraigbe, Uz.
Fell, v. : ituegboto, E. ; igborhadio (tree), Agb. ; igbolqgio,
Agv. ; iruzeaihi[ora], Es. ; ifioigbe, Uz.
Fetch, v. : iyamwe, E. ; itielore, Agb. ; ihoanoiya, Es. ; iriwoidi,
Uz. ; memitobe, lb., Ko. ; mizegbegwaizi, Is. ; ekaimwore,
Aj.
Fifteen : ikesugie, E. ; igbehene, Ij. ; igbihi, Ar. ; ogbise,
Ok. ; igbize, Ot. ; igbihele, Sa. ; igbese, Uz. ; ixwioli,
Em. ; ixioli, Ew.
Fifty : ikegbesia, E. ; evaigbe, Ij., Ar., Ko. ; iesa, Ok. ;
iegevarigbe, Ot. ; igboivaekpeigbe, Sa. ; uwovikpanigbe,
Agb. ; uwovabigbe, Agv. ; ekigbesia, Es. ; igboivaik-
pegoigbe, Uz. ; evegbe, lb., Ibl. ; isievantigbe, So. ;
qgbelevabeligbe, Is. ; ugioli, Em. ; uzuvegbixwe, Sap.,
Ew. ; ujuvegbiwe, Aj.
Fight, v. : igbina, igwegbina, E. ; imakole, Agb. ; imakole,
Agv. ; ikqli, Es. ; ikoi, Uz.
File : olima, E. ; omnia, Agb, Agv. ; eli, Uz.
File teeth, v. ; isako,, E., Agb., Uz.
Find (see), v. : imioi, igwaloi, E. ; mimosa, Ot. ; imieloo, Agb.;
imioni, Agv. ; imigli, Es. ; ikeloi (I look for it), Uz. ;
memelqle, Aj. ; megwolQ, Em.
Finger : ikpibal)n, E., Ij. ; ikanabo,, Ar., Ok. ; ikagobQ, Ot. ;
ukpobQ, Sa. ; buzobo,, Ag. ; ikpwabg, lb. : inesabg, Ko. ;
oza, Is. ; iiriabg, Em.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 163
Finish, v. : iliiQfo, E., Ij. ; miygfo, Ok. ; miyone, Ot. ; ilulone,
Agb. ; iluglifo, Agv. ; iluolqfo, Es. ; isqsene, Uz. ;
mihiomile, Ov. ; melimo, Iy. ; milulune, Ag.
Fire ; ghrf, E. ; eta, Agb. ; erane, Agv., Es. ; etai, Uz. ;
erhale, Sap.
First : oka, nokalo, E. ; Qziozi, Agb., Uz. ; oboh^li, Agv. ;
okaro, esiqvo, Ug.
Fish ; ehe, E. ; ilehie, Ar. ; afqremi, Ok. ; ilezie, Ot. ; ehgle,
Sa., Agv. ; eze, Agb. ; e,se, Uz. ; eli, Em., Aj., Ew. ; eli§,
Sap.
Fish spear ; akaihe, E. ; ukpQleku, Agb. ; ozui, Agv. ; opolo,
Es. ; Qga, Sap.
Fisher : Qgbehe, E. ; Qgbeze, Agb. ; ogbehele, Es. ; Qkggo, Aj.
Five : isQ, E., Es. ; ihene, Ij. ; ihi, Ar. ; isili, ezi, Ok. ; ize, Ot.,
Agb. ; ihele, Sa. ; jse, Uz. ; ise, lb., Is. ; isie, Ko. ; ize,
So., lb. ; inyoli, Em., Iy. ; iyuli, Sap., Aj., Ag. ; iyoli, Ew.
Flame : qba, E. ; awalawaleta, Agb. ; olemerone, Agv. ;
eranovala, Es. ; olemeta (tongue of fire), Uz. ; e,gaga, Sap.
Flesh : efu, E., Agb., Agv., Es. ; omakpokpQ, Aj., Iy. ; umQ,
Ew., Sap.
Flog, v. : igb§, ifielimi, E. ; itelimigbo, Agb. ; iremigbqli,
Agv.
Floor : otowa, E. ; otglowa, Agb. ; otoloa, Agv., Es. ; elu (?),
Uz. ; utumwemi, Sap. ; ohoriwoli, Ey.
Flute : elele, E. ; ulele, Agb. ; alele, Agv. ; ufe, Uz.
Calabash : okbe, Qzike, E. ; utuko, Agb. ; akala, Agv. ;
okpai, Uz.
Fly : udia, E., Ot., Agv. ; uze, Ar. ; uda, Ok. ; uzia, Agb. ;
uja, Es. ; ija, nja, Uz.
Fly, v. ; iti, E. ; iti, Agb. ; iti, Agv. ; itiui, Es. ; ida, Uz. ;
meda, Aj.
Follow, v. : ilele, E. ; itgxalo, Agb. ; it^kalgK, Agv. ; irexale,
Es. ; itgkalo, Uz.
Foot, leg : owq, Edo ; §kowe, lb., Ko. ; ijigQke, So. ; qbo, Is. ;
owq, Sobo.
Forbid, v. : iwa, E. ; igwa, Agb. ; igwa, Agv. ; iwa, Es, ;
igwa, Uz.
M 2
164 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Forge ; ogwogu, E. ; ugolozami, Agb. ; ugolohami, Agv. ;
ugolozami, Uz.
Forget, v. : inyamie, E. ; iyelia (I think away), Agb., Es.,
Uz. ; imale, Agv. ; mekaihoo, Aj. ; makaruo, Ov.
Forgive, v. : iyanexweli, E. ; igbekwane, Agb. ; igbekwanale,
Agv. ; iranamaia, Es. ; igbekwanai, Uz.
Forehead : uhalu, ehai, E. ; erhai, Ar. ; ikbo, Ok., Ot. ;
unugbo, Agb., Uz. ; ugbo, Agv. ; Qgogo, Es. ; oxwa, Em. ;
arhale, Aj., Iy. ; ekuri, Sap., Ag. ; ekbele, Ew.
Forty : iyeva, E. ; ibweva, Ij. ; igboleva, Ar., Agb., Agv. ;
ieva, Ok. ; iegeva, Ot. ; igboiva, Sap. ; egbeva, Es., lb. ;
eboiva, Ko. ; isieva, So. ; agbalava, Ibl. ; egbeleva, Is. ;
uzuve, Em., Sap., Ew. ; uyuve, Aj., Iy.
Four : ine, E., Agv., Es. ; ene, Ij., Ar., Ok., Ot., lb., Ko., So.,
lb., Is. ; ene, Aj., Ug., Iy., Ag. ; eji, Agb. ; edi, Uz. ; ele,
Sap., Ew.
Fourteen : iwene, E. ; igbene, Ij., Ar., Ot., Sap., Es. ; ggbene,
Ok. ; igbeleji, Agb. ; igbelene, Agv. ; igbedi, Uz. ; ixwene,
Em. ; ixwele, Sap. ; iwene, Iy.
Fowl : oxoxo, E., Ot. ; ogbigbi, Ar. ; gkoko, Ok., Agb., Uz. ;
oQko, Agv. ; oko, Awoiki ; gxo, Aj.
Friend : ose, E., Aj., Sap. ; omwe, Ij., Ar. ; omoemi, Sa.
Funnel (of bellows) : obwe, E. ; ibiami, Agv.
Gather (fruit), v. : ikoloi, E. ; ikqno, Agb. ; ikgloli, Agv. :
ifedi (coconuts), Es. ; ikokoviobnre, Uz.
Get up : ikpaigbe, E. ; ikpare, Agb. ; ikpano, Agv. ; ikpailo,
Es. ; ikiowikpalo (I wake rise), Uz. ; mivle, Aj. ; mevle,
Sap.
Girdle (black) : akbolu, E. ; onokbg, Agb. ; glgkbo, Agv. :
ekpolu, Es. ; angkbo, Uz.
Girl: awoxoxu, E. ; ivieleki, Ij. ; an^ki, Ar. ; gmgmgzi, Ok. ;
omgkposo, Ot. ; awoxaleke, Sap.; omgzi, Agb., Uz. ;
oinohi, Agv. ; Qmami, Es. ; nknkwgzi, lb. ; gmojsi, Ko.,
So. ; omobisi, Is. ; grngte, Sobo.
Give a dash to, v. : iyemine, E. ; iteUmine, Agb. ; iremiygli,
Agv. ; irhemingli, Es.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 165
Give in marriage, v. ; iyomQne, E. ; itemgne, Agb. ;
erhomonele, Agv. ; irhamenale, Es.
Go, v. : ixia, E. ; ida, Agb. ; ikia, Agv. ; miaje, lb. ; miaji, Ko. ;
mikije, So. ; ameyode, Is. ; meyara, Em. ; mehiale, Aj. ;
mehialo, Sap. ; mehialao, Ug. ; Away, ikpare, E. ; mikbo,
Ug. ; meniakbo, Ew. ; mikbo, Iy., Ag., Ovu.
Go on, v. : ixiodalu, E., Es. ; ixiara, Agb. ; ikia, Agv. ; ikpako,
Uz.
Go to Sleep, v. : ilaiyanoari, E. ; iraniagwe, Agb. ; ilananagwa,
Agv. ; ianowehawe, Es. ; iagwe, Uz. ; mihiere, Aj.
Goat : ewe, E., Ij., Ar., Sa., Agv., Ew. ; izili, Ok. ; ewi, Ot. ;
egwe, Agb. ; egwi, Uz. ; eve, Em., Sap., Aj.
Gravel : ^kpihe, E. ; jkpido, Agb.
Ground : oto, Edo, Sobo.
Grows, it, v. : okaminahu (corn), E. ; qwu, Agb. ; qhu, Agv. ;
orhagieri, Es. ; otolemi, Uz.
Grow, v : iriwale, E. ; imewo, Agb. ; ihulu, Agv. ; itale, Es. ;
ilemi, Uz.
Gun : osisi, E., Agb., Agv., Es. ; unu, Sap.
Hair : etoetu, E., Ar., Ok. ; eto, itsu, lb., Ko., So. ; exu, Is. ;
eto, Sobo.
Hair (in thrums) : ifieto, E., Agv. ; ixie eto, Agb.
Plaits : qmeto, E. ; ibeto, Agb. ; ubeto.
Hair pin : azuwa, E. ; ugme, Agv., Es.
Hammer : umomQ, E., Agv. ; umomi, Agb.
Hand (see also arm) : ikanabo, Ok. ; ekobo, lb., Ko. ; iminabQ,
So.
Back of hand : iyekobo, E., Agb. ; ebiemobq, Ij. ;
oxoxobo, Ar., ukoxira, Ok. ; ehinobo, Sa. ; ikobo,
Es. ; ubukobo, Aj.
Left : Qgobo, Edo ; irhorara, Ok. ; obqxuere, Em.,
Aj.
Eight : oberha, E. ; obgdiqil, Ij., Ar., Ot., Sa. ; erhoine,
Ok. ; obeta, Agb. ; obira, Agv., Es. ; obore, Em., Aj.
Harmattan : oxwaxwa, E. Es. ; opakpa, Agv. ; okiekevo, Uz.
166 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Hat : ukata, E., Uz. ; imgrova, Agb. ; umeleva, Agv.
Hate. v. : eyeme, E. ; iho, E. ; eegeme, Ij., Ar. ; ikele, ogolene,
Agb. ; iyaholo, oiyagoleme (man does not please me),
Agv. ; oieme, Es.
Head : uhumu, E. ; ohumu, Ij. ; uwo, Ar. ; ima, Ok. ; uso,
Ot, Iy. ; uhumu, Agv. ; uhomo, Es. ; uro, Agb. ; usui,
Uz. ; oyo, Em. ; uhiu, Aj. ; usio, Ew. ; uyo, Sap. ;
uzo, Iy.
Heart : ekokodu, E., Es. ; udinikpuwu, Ij. ; ukomemo, Ok. ;
iyu, Ot. ; agogodu, Sa. ; ukbo, Agb., ukbu, Agv. ; okba,
lb. ; ukbako, (?) Ko. ; ofa, So. ; alawe, Em. ; ubiudu, Aj.,
Ew. ; ekodi, Iy.
Hearth : aluewu, E. ; elulu, Es.
Help (with load), v. : ikpale, E. ; ikpalo, Agb. ; ikpaloli,
Agv. ; imunoiya, Es. ; iyeloiya, Uz.
(with money), v. : iyolobo ; E. ; idalobo, Agb. ; ida-
lobo, Agv. ; ikpalobo, Uz.
Hide, v. : irhielele, E. ; inebeli, Ij. ; inaele, Ar. ; miuege, Ok. ;
milawaga, Ot. ; itievele, Agb. ; itiebeli, Agv. ; ireko (I
take hide), Es. ; itoivele, Uz. ; misilovlo, Aj. ; misiono,
Em.
Hill : oke, E., Agv., Es. ; ege, Agb., Uz.
Hinge (or door post) : oviexu, E. ; §ku, Agb., Uz. ; oku-
mexu, Es. ; eberhie, Sap.
Hit, shoot, v. : isai, E. ; isaloi, Ot. ; isalQ, Agb. : isale,, Agv.,
Es. ; itsai, Uz. ; mesalo, Aj., Ag. ; mesalie, Iy. ; mesaro,
Em.
Hoe : Qgwe, E. ; ggwe, Agb. ; egw§, Agv., Es., Uz. ; ewolu,
Sap.
Honey : oriwo, E. ; eyo, Agb. ; qIo, Agv.
Hook : ukade, E. ; od§, Agb.
Hop, v. : okbegi, Agb. ; okpasugie mugie, Agv. ; ibi, kpakpoyi,
Ir. ; isokbigi, Uz. ; igogo. Aj.
Horn : igo, E. ; ukba, Agb. : ixwa, Agv. : Qgbai, Uz. ; okli,
Aj.
House : ow|, E. ; oa, Agb., Agv., Uz. ; owa, Es. ; uriwemi,
Sap. ; uriwemi, Ew,
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 167
How long : bQkpe.se, E. ; eboirele, Agb. ; borigteyg, Es. ;
aboirele, Uz.
Hundred : iise, E. ; egbolihe, Ij. ; igbolihi, Ar. ; iesi, Ok. ;
iigise, Ot. ; igbolihe, Sa. ; uwozi, Agb. ; igboheli, Agv. ;
ise, Es. ; igboisi, Uz. ; uli, Em.
Two hundred : uli, E. ; Qgboigbe, Ij. ; igboegbe, Ar.,.
Sa. ; iegbe Ok., Ot. ; uliive, Em.
Hurts me, it ; I suffer pain, v. : Qdamegbe, E. ; Qtomqgbe,
Agb., Agv. ; (it aches me in the body) ; Qtooiya (it
aches a man), Es. ; eminetomi (things ache), Uz.
Inhale, v. : ihew§, E. ; iyezie, Agb. ; i*hiQ, Agv.
Iron : ematqn, E. ; aknli, Agb. ; utelu, Aj.
Joint : axwe, E. ; akpaka, Agb. ; uro, Aj. ; Qglo, Ew. ; eru, Iy .
Jump: iwoi isale, E. ; itiaokuli, ije, iwo, Agb.; isale, Agv.;
isale, Es. ; idie, idaiyaokuli, Uz. ; mivleho, Aj.
Key (and Lock) : isahe, E. ; usievle, Sap.
Kill , v : igbe, igbelua, E., Agb., Agv., Es., Uz. ; mixwili, Aj.,
Ag., Ov. ; mikbilie, Iy. , mexwele, Em.
Kiss, v. : ihihielunu, E. ; imimigluno, Agb. ; imimiQluno, Agv.
Kitchen : ukoni, E. ; inigu, Agb., Agv. ; egenaima, Es. ;
igbid^gu, Uz. ; ukoli, Ew.
Knee : uwawe, E. ; ugweloe, Ij. ; uwelia, Ar. ; okbo, Ok. ;
igwagia, Agb. ; igwelowe, Agv. ; ukomegwe, lb., Ko. ;
ikaiukbo, So. ; ilebuba, Is. ; ngwele, Em. ; uworowo, Aj.
Knife : elo, E., Agb., Agv. ; ogali, Es. ; uwQre, Uz ; avia, Sap.
Language, voice : urhu, E. ; urholo, Agb., Agv. ; agbaiwolo,
Es. ; aizoma, Uz. ; ejaje, Ag. Agbede: urhuagbede, E. ;
urholigbede, Agb., Agv. ; emoigbede, Uz. Edo : urhuedo,-
E. ; urholqdo, Agb. ; urhoedo, Agv. ; emoqdo, Uz. ;
oledo[aka], Sap. ; eveveleehuaka, Aj. ; (Edo = aka),
Ag. Hausa : urhuigabale, E. ; urhoipe, Agb. ; urho4kpe,
Agv. ; emoizama, Uz. Ishan : urhuisa, E. ; urholesa,
Agb.; nrhuesa, Es. Ora: urhuora, E. ; urholora, Agb. ;
168 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
urhoora, Agv. ; agmo, Aj. Sekri : urhusekri, E. ;
urholisekili, Agb. ; urhosekili, Agv. ; ihrobo, Sap. ;
ihrobo, Aj. ; cokili, Ag. Sobo : urhuobo, E. ; urhozobo,
Agb, Agv. ; uhrobo, Aj. Yoruba : urhuazenqmo, E. ;
urholeyagi, Agb. ; urhoyagi, Agv. ; emoiyagie, Uz. ; eko,
Ag.
Lead : oze, E., Agv. ; okuli, Agb.
Leaf : ebe, E., Sobo ; imabe, Agb. : imaibe, Agv., Es., Uz.
Learn, v. : iluoli, E. ; iwena, Agb. ; imwenali, Agv. ; ilue,
Es. ; iwena, Uz.
Leave (a place), v. : ikpahiigbede, ikbaibiedo, E. ; ixware-
wainyo, Ar. ; ixwaiigbewo, Ot. ; ikparegbede, Agb. ;
ikpakowigbede, Agv. ; isiwubiajare, Es. ; ikpatozaitui,
Uz.
Leave behind, v. : isielaiodieke, E. ; izolobowieke, Agb. ;
ifiolioiwiki, Agv. ; izaubowoto (on ground), Ir. ; iyoiikike
(I tell him go back), Uz. : micikobuko, Aj.
Leglet : isama (ivory), Uz.
Leopard : atalakpa, E. ; ekpe, Ij., Ar., Ok., Ot., Agb., Agv.,
Uz., lb., So. ; ekwe, Is. ; ekpe, Agenegbode ; ejglekbo,
Em., Sap. ; ujelami, E\v.
Lie, v. : ilovie, E. ; igwe, Agb. ; inogoe, Agv. ; ivahogwe, Ir. ;
igue (? idegue), Uz. ; menyanofia, Aj. ; meniaoifia, Ug. ;
memorofiao, Em. ; menovle, Ty. ; metofia, Ag. ; metofia,
Ov. ; meeamere, Sap.
Lie down, v. : iloviesoto, E. ; igwenoto, Agb. ; inogoe, Agv. :
ivahogwe soto, Ir.
Lie (tell a lie), v. : itoge, E. : imileve, Agb. ; imolQfia,
Agv. ; ivahoggli, Es. ; ifieta, Uz.
Light, v. : irliue, E. ; itetu, Agb., Agv. : irhol^ru, Es. ;
iruvioru (I take lamp light) ; Uz.
Lightning : oxumuwiainye, E. : aiyokuli, Agb. : a^inya, Agv. ;
oiyalu, Es. ; ainifwa, Uz. ; aruore, Aj. ; ogeleniamaro,
Ewu ; obibie, Sap. ; ogla, ly. ; oniamaro, Ag.
Lip: axwarunu, axwaramunii, E. ; oxwarunu, Ar. ; okgrunu,
Ok.; oxarunu, Ij., Sa. ; utukpunu, ukbotumunu, Agb.;
ekpunu, Agv. ; ef unu, Es. ; j,tokpunu, Uz. ; esunu, So. ;
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 169
isiunu, Is. ; ebobunu, Em. ; ebeunu, Aj. ; ebebulu, Ew. ;
ebeloboto, Sap. ; ewaunu, Iy. ; ebaunu, Ag.
Listen, v. : idaiho (give ear), E. ; ikpezo, Agb. ; ikaiho,
Agv., Es ; irhewooto (I take ear on ground), Uz.
Listen to Him, v. : idaizolo, Agb. ; idailiQli, Agv. ; ikaiholi,
Es.
Live, v. : iro, E. ; iyele, Agb. ; ihieleme, Agv. ; iribo, ivaseyu,
Es. ; iyele (I pass life) Uz. ; iwohelo, Aj. ; merie, Iy.
Live in . . . v. : irigbede (Agbede), E. ; iyelewigbede,
Agb. ; iwelewigbede, Agv. ; iriwubiaja (Ubiaja), Es. ;
Uzaituiwele (Uzaitui), Uz. ; miholeleyubi, Aj. ; mehewu,
Ew, ; merobiyedeobone, Iy.
Liver : udu, E., Es. ; idu, Agb. ; udo, Agv. ; idu, lb., Ko. ;
osu, So. ; eleko, Is. ; ivu, Aj., Ew.
Lock, v. : ixwiele, E. ; ifioi, Ij. ; ixuxuno, Ar. ; misioku, Ok. ;
misononia, Ot. ; ifilo, Agb. ; ifioli, Agv. ; ifisabawo, Es. ;
ifioi, Uz. ; mekailo, Aj. ; mikaielo, Em.
Look for, v. : ilmele, E. ; izomeno, Ar. ; nimioda, Ot. ; ikelo,
Agb. ; ilmloli, Agv. ; ilahooli, Es ; ikelimemio, idadakelo,
(I want that I see it) Uz. ; mihelemwovo, Aj.
Look, v. : ige, E. ; igwe, Agb. ; iewegege (I look), Agv. ; igwo,
Uz. ; milingwe, Aj. ; minhilo, Em. ; minilo, Iy.
Look at : igel§, E. ; ixeo, Ar. ; midiloxruo, igwo, Agb. ;
iagole, Agv. ; igele, Es.
Lose, v. : imwefwa (throw away), E. ; iwaloiya, Agb ; oiyulu,
Agv. ; oyulumi, Es. ; iwalawo, Uz.
Love, v. : oiqme (he is dear to me), E. ; oiyagemegbe, Ij. ;
uwegamegbe (you), Ar. ; umemi, Agb. ; ugolime, Agv.
Lungs : udonehogogo, E. ; udonovogo, Agb. ; uduenihoi,
Agv. ; enwe (? = breast), Aj.
Maggot : oxoi, E. ; okoi, Uz.
Make, v. : ilue, E. ; izezelo, ilulo, Agb. ; iluoli, Agv., Es. ;
ilue, izeso (repair), Uz. ; miluo, Aj., Ew. ; merulie, Iy.
Make Peace, v. (separate combatants) : imwQgbina, E. ;
imulaikba, Agb.; imueliekweli, Agv.; imwewoxare,
Es.
170 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Make Baskets, v. : idoxwai, E., Es. ; idoxwa, Agb. ; idukpali,
Agv. ; idokwa, Uz.
Make Pots, v. : imaxe, E., Es., Agb. ; iniaki, Agv., Uz.
Man (male) : okpia, arhie, E. ; qmoi, Ij., Ai\, Sa.; Uz. ; osinQ,
pi ahume, Ok. ; omoze, Ot. ; agene,£>/. igene, Agb., Agv. ;
okwia, Es. ; osalee, Em. ; ohiare, Aj. : osvare, Ew. : osyale,
iy-
(human being) : qma, E. ; oloha, Ij. ; ogbolo, Ar. ; oyung,
Ok. ; oso, Ot. ; olohalo, Sa. ; oiya, pi. eya, Agb. ; aya,
Agv. ; oria, Es. ; oiya, Uz. ; oxwo, Sobo : owo,
iy-
Marry (woman), v. : ilomodo, E. ; iisamime, Agb. ; irikanrime,
Agv. ; ibgdo, Es. ; ohialeme, Aj.
(man) : ilgmoxwo, E. ; itiami, Agb. ; etiame, Agv. ;
igawoxwo, Es. ; melihaizewe, Aj.
Mat (sleeping) : ewa, E. ; iwia, Agb. ; ewa, Agv. ; ewa, Es. ;
egbai, Uz. ; ilue, Sap.
Measure, v. : imale, E. ; imalo, Agb. ; imalgle, Agv. : imalelo,
Es. ; imai, Uz.
Meet, v. : ivale, E. ; igalori, Agb. ; ikolede, Agv. ; ikolere, Es. ;
idawai, Uz. ; mera, Aj.
Mend, v. : idonaii, E. ; izezelo, Agb. ; iheholi, Agv. ; ikesuaxali,
Es. ; ikzoigbe, (I put in body), Uz. : merorhu^lo,
Aj.
Midnight : ogiason, E.
Mirror : uvugegbe [place of mirror], E. : ukpawie, Agb. ;
ubugQgbe, Agv.
Miss, v. : ifiedo, E. ; midono, Sa., Ot. ; ifilgdo, Agb. : inole/lo,
Agv. ; ifiolido, Es. ; ifioido, Uz. ; mesalokio, Aj. ; mesalieto,
Iy. ; mesaleco, Ag.
Monkey: em§, E. ; emili, Ij. ; emile, Agb. ; ^lamokwi, Uz. ;
Qiiweli, Em., Sap., Ew. ; ewe, Agenegbode.
Month : uki, E., Agb., Agv., Es.
Moon: uki, Edo ; Qme.lame, Sobo.
Mortar : odo, E. ; okg, Agb., Agv., Es., Uz. ; odo, Sap.
Mould ; oviaxe, E.
Mouth : unu, Edo, Sobo.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 171
Mud : exwgro, E. ; ekoro, Agb. ; ekgro, Agv. ; ofiere, Es. ; okoto,
Uz. ; ibexgre, Sap.
Nail : ehie,, E., Ij., Sa., Agv., Es. ; evie,, Agv. ; glexie,, Ar. ;
e,fwe, Ok. ; etsie, lb. ; epfiali, Ko. ; inyelesia, So. ; eve, Is. ;
ufofobq, Em. ; isabq, Aj.
Name : eni, E., Agb., Agv., Es. ; elini, Ij., Sa. ; eva, Ar., Ok.,
Ot. ; eleli, Uz. ; ode, Sobo.
Navel : uxgn, E., Ij., Sa. ; ukg, Ok. ; ukon, Ar., Agb., Agv.,
Es., Uz. ; ukohi, Aj.
Neck : enyai, E. ; §e, Ij. ; ugolo, Ar. ; ehani, Ok. ; iakwoso, Ot. ;
ea, Sa. ; eya, Agb. ; ia, Es. ; ugueya, Uz. ; utu, lb., Ko.,
So. ; usu, Is. ; uho, Em. ; oho, Aj., Ew., Iy. ; oxo,
Sap.
Net : oga, E. ; izaga, izaganaregbeze, (net you take kill fish),
Agb. ; izaga, Agv. ; oga, Es. ; erili, Sap.
Night : ason, E., Sobo ; eleriwa, Agb. ; asu, Agv.
Nine : ihini, E. ; isile, Ij. ; isini, Ok., Ar., Es. ; isi, Ot. ; isili,
Sa., Agb. ; isini, Agv. ; ici, Uz. ; itili, lb. ; itiili, Ko. ;
esene, So. ; isie, lb. ; issie, Is. ; irili, Sobo ; izili, Iy.,
Agb.
Nineteen : okpadewugye, E. ; ikeokpasue, Ij., Sa. ; kokparesue,
Ar. ; karokpuye, Ok. ; azokpasowigye, Ot. ; igbesili, Agb. ;
igbesini, Agv. ; ineigbehebe, Es. ; igbeci, Uz. ; ixwigbirili,
Em., Ew. ; ixwebirili, Aj. ; ixwionigbele, Sap. ; ixwioligbene,
iy-
Nod head, v. : iluiguhumu, E. ; iyegozomi, Agb. ; ireguhomo,
Agv. ; iluegohomone, Es. ; iyegosomi, Uz.
North : ategu, Ageneg.
Nose : ihue, E., Ij., Ar., Sa., Es., Em. ; irhue, Ok., Izue, Ot.,
Agb. ; isue, Uz. ; unwe, Sobo.
Obey (put hand), v. : iyoboiio, E. ; irerhoioniomi, Agb. ;
irehoabuyemi, Agv. ; irhewo, Es.
Oil myself, v. : iyud§wo,E.; irudomodaigbia, Agb. ; irud^gbolo,
Agv. ; iarewigbolo, Es.
172 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Old Max : omai, E. ; gmonodign, Ij. ; oclion, Ar. ; qsgyo, Ok. ;
gkpare, Ot. ; qmohodign, Sa. ; okb^zea, Agb. ; okbiha,
Agv. ; odomai, Es. ; okpisa, pi. ikpisa, Uz. ; qcodiq, lb.,
Ko. ; okpai, So. ; ofwelu, Is. ; qmale, Em. ; owolo,
Sap.
Once : ohukpa, E. ; isokpa, Agb. ; osukpa, Agv. ; egekpa,
Uz.
One : owo, okpa, E. ; oo, Ij. ; okpa, Ar., Ot. ; ao, okpa, Ok.,
Sa. ; okpa, Agb., Agv., Es., Uz. ; ogwo, lb. ; oogwo,
Ko. ; owo, So. ; egwa, lb ; auu, Is. ; ovo, Sobo.
Open, v. : iwq, E. ; iwenoa, Ar. ; mitaiiizi, Ok. ; mivwenoaga,
Ot. ; ivngioli, Sa. ; itngie, Agb. ; itugiili, Agv. ; itugiola,
itugiekpeti (box), Es ; ivugela, Uz. ; mirhiekie, Aj. ;
mirhiile, Ov. ; miziile, Iy. ; mirile, Ag. ; minovieli, Ern.
Order, v. : imagie ; E. ; igelo, Agb. ; igioli (I send him), Agv. ;
igieli, Es. ; igie (I send), Uz.
Pack, make loads, v. : ikwihe, E. ; imaizua (I measure the
load), Agb. ; imalihe, Agv. ; imalole, Es. ; imai (I measure),
Uz.
Paddle : obele, E. ; uwewe, Agb., Agv. ; umaza, Es. ;
ebenaregweda, Uz. ; uvi, Sap.
Paint (bl.) : asu, E. ; asumi, Agb. ; ekolo, Agv. ; oduaso, Es. ;
abii, Uz.
Paint brush : ugbana, Agb. ; ugbe, Agv.
Palm (of hand) : atatabg, E., Es. ; etabg, Ij., Sa. ; atalobg, Ar.,
Agb. ; uduerha, Ok. ; atalegobg, Ot. ; elemakobg, lb. ;
ekobQ, Ko. : irewosa, So. ; ofwobg, Is. ; eherobg, Em.
Aj.
Palm wine : ixwexwe, odoxumu, ogo, E. ; anyutQ, ainyuxuli,
anyiko, Agb. ; izu, ujuxumu, Qgglg, Agv.
Pass, v. ; igberale, E. ; inalaude, Agb. ; inalode, Agv. ;
igbemlia, Es. ; inoyode, Uz.
Passage ; gl^la, E. ; azauwolowa, Agb. ; orila, Agv., Es. ;
azawalowa, Uz.
Pay (for), v, : ihasa, E. ; ivalosa, Agb. ; ihalosa, Agv. ; ihasa,
Em. ; ifaile, Uz.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 173
Peg : ukeke, E. ; ikpegeta, Agb. ; ukpalogu, Agv. ; ikbanbgu,
Uz.
Penis : ekia, E. ; ekwe, Ij., Ar., Ok., Sa., Agb., Agv. ; gekwe,
Od. ; epa, Es. ; oso, Em. ; ohio, Ew., Iy. ; oico, Sap.
Permit (I agree), v. : ikwe, E. ; izolobo, iyamane, Agb. ; ige,
Agv. ; igigli (sand him), Es. ; ilamanai, Uz. [(1) I pray
for him ; (2) I vow it for him ; (3) I allow it.]
Pestle : oviodo, E. ; omioko, Agb. ; uloko, Agv. ; umoko, Es. ;
omioko, Uz. ; omodo, Sap.
Pick up, v. : irhieli, irholi, E. ; inawola, Agb. ; itieloli, Agv. ;
irholewoto, Es. ; iznewoto, Uz.
Pierce, prick, v. : ibiele, E. ; ixai, isoloi, Ij. ; isolono, Ar. ;
midemisnoni, Ok. ; misorhe, Ot. ; iluraile, Agb. ; ilomoli,
Agv. ; ilumoli, Es. ; ivwanoi, Uz.
Pierce (spear), v. : isuoi, E. ; isoloi, Ij. ; isulo, ilumilo, Agb. ;
isuoli, Agv., Es. ; ilumo, Uz.
Pillage, v. ; irhalewowa, E. ; ihilole, Agb. ; ihioile, Agv. ;.
imaituewole, Uz.
Pillow : ukohumu, E. ; akpeozomi, Agb. ; ukpohgrno, Agv. ;
ukohomo, Es. ; itikpeizo, Uz. ; okiyomi, Sap.
Pipe : ikoko, E. ; oboclu, Agb., Agv., Es., Uz. ; ukoko, Sap.
Plant, v. : ikoi, E. ; iko, Agb., Agv., Es. ; ireko (I go plant),
Uz.
Play (game), v. : ikwixai, E. ( ? marbles) ; ikbelewie, Agb. ;
nxeleemi, Agv. ; ixile, Es. ; ikbelewie, Uz.
Pond, tank, water hole : Qgqdo, E. ; omi, Agb., Agv., Es. ;
nteke, Uz.
Pot rest : ikewu, E. ; ndign, Agb. ; Jniu, Agv. ; akewu, Es. ;
ndigu, Uz.
Potter : omaxe, E., Ij., Agb., Es. ; inemake, Ar. ; qromake,
Ok. ; iniowe, Ot. ; omake, Uz.
Pray, v. : ikpemogena, Agb. ; ikpaminogena,. Uz.
Precede, v. : ikodalo, E. ; ikpogialo, Agb. ; ikodalo, Agv. ;
ixiawodalo, Es. ; iyaloalo (I go ahead), Uz.
Prepuce : nkpekia, E. ; ukpekwe, Ij., Sa. ; orueli, Ar. ; nrere,
Ok. ; osomegikwe, Ot. ; ukbonekwe, Agb. ; ukbonexwe,
Agv. ; ukpenepa, Es.; nblo, Em.; ubisi, Ew.; nveluve, Iy.
174 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Priest: ohenbq, oliokbg,, E. ; qhene, Ij. ; ozi, Ar. ; oze, Agb. ;
obeli, Agv. ; qnoboitsa, Uz. ; urele, Ew.
Pull, v. : isie, E. ; isilo, Agb. ; isioli, Agv. ; igwa, Es. ; itsioi,
Uz.
Pulse, heart beat : afianie, E. ; udofi, Agb. ; akofi, Agv. ;
ukpudaihia, Es. ; aiyemobq, lb. ; okosi, Ko. ; ofo, So. ;
isa, Is. ; oteye, Em. ; ohorobq, Aj. ; eruobQ (wrist), okodi
(heart), Ew. ; eruobo, Iy.
Push, v. : isuali, E. ; iswalo, Agb. ; isualoli, Agv., Es. ;
idzualabo (?), Uz.
Push away, upset, v. : irualefwa, E. ; ikbonolakwa, Agb. ;
ikbonolakwa, Agv. ; irdofia, Es. ; idumeminakwa (I throw
things away), Uz.
Put across (river), v. : imomqgberaize, iguame, E. ; imulqg-
bereda, Agb. ; idol^gberade, Agv. ; irholowoko, Es. (I take
canoe) ; iroiadada (I take man cross), Uz.
Put on (cloth), v. : irhukmqn, E. ; ikukpowQgbe, Agb. ;
imoukukpoil (?), Es. ; miaiimawowo, Aj.
Put up, v. ; irhierho, E. ; itieookuli, Agb. ; itiookumu, Agv. ;
imnalawounm, Es. ; iruaokulo, Uz.
Quarrel, v. : igwi, E. ; iagwe, Ij. ; igworholo, Agb. ; inoirholo,
Agv. ; inova, Es. ; iwuo, Uz.
Eain : aine, amerho, E. ; osio, Sobo.
Rainbow : ikpiame, E. ; anukwekwe, Uz. ; arokiyeme, Aj. ;
alie, Iy.
Rattle : ukase, ise, E. ; ekba, Agb. ; aze, Uz. ; ekieki^ge,
Sap.
Rattle (cane) Qlggign, E. ; isagogo, Agv.
Read, v. : iz(», Agb., Agv., Es. ; idze, Uz. ; ine, (divine),
Agenegbode.
Reap, v. : ifie (oka), E. ; ib§, Agb., Agv. ; ibi^ka (com), Es. ;
ikokore (corn), Uz.
Reckon, v. : iluigo, E. ; ilolikpigo, Agb. ; iloligo, Agb.
Reduce a joint, v. : ikweli, E. ; ikpenio, Agb. ; ikpQgi^li,
Agvr. ; izixQre, Es.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 175
Remember, v. : iyele, E. ; iyelere, Agb. ; iyeqre, Es. ; iyere
(I think to me (?)), Agv., Uz. ; mekaiholo, Aj. ; mekarole,
Ov.
Respect, v. : imuyiyuegbe, E. ; imwegbqne, Agb. ; imweg-
be,nale, Agv. ; imwqgbenoiya, Es. (I take my body for a
man).
Rib : ifamagbe, E. ; akpokakpefue, Sa. ; ugwiyeke, Agb. ;
ukpumeke, Agv. ; ife, Es. ; ugwuzike, Uz. ; ugbegwefe,
lb. ; ugbakunie, Ko. ; iguefe, So. ; ibiefe, Ew. ; ibiedada,
Sap. ; ibiekaka, Iy. ; ibienede, Ag.
Ride : ihigzi, E. ; irele, Agb. ; ihele, Agv. ; ihelakasi (I
mount horse), Es. ; iseli, Uz. ; miesije, meluejigele,
Aj.
Ring : oloka, E. ; ukbelomi, Agb. ; ukpelomi, Agv.
River : eze, E. ; eda, Agb. ; ede, Agv., Es. ; urhie, Sap.,
Ewu.
Road : ode, E. ; ugye, Agb. ; (fork of) ada, E., Uz. ; aderha,
Sap.
Roast, v. : ito, E. ; itelamito (I take meat roast), Agb. ;
irhQlamito, Agv. ; itqli, Es.
Roof : erurumowa, E. ; utotolowa, Agb. ; okumuwa, Es. ;
ukululoloa (what protects house), usomemwe, Uz. ; oko,
Sap. ; ebo, Ew.
Room : uguga, E. ; ugwale, Agb. ; ekeloa, Agv. ; egua (men's)
Qmoa (women's), Uz. ; obevu, Sap.
Rule, v. : imqlela, Agb. ; imenyaili, Agv.
Run, v. : irhule, E. ; irhiule, Ij. ; iyerune, Ar. ; mizeravala, Ok. ;
mila, Ot. ; memealexia (? I go well), Sa. ; ina, Agb. ;
ianole, Agv. ; itule, Irua ; miana, lb. ; miana, Ko. ;
migwe, So. ; amiasila, Is. ; mejiele, Em. ; mejubole, Ag.,
Ug. ; mejoneo, Ew. ; medione, Iy.
Run away, v. : ilele, E. ; inara, Agb. ; inekia, Agv. ; ilegbe,
Ir. ; inakpalio, Uz. ; mejohele, Aj.
Sacrifice, v. : iluelimi, E. ; igbiminelimi, ialuobo, igbelimini-
xumi, Agb. ; igbeminikule, Agv. ; igbemireluobo, Es. ;
iluQbo, Uz.
176 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Salute a max, v. ; ituoma, E. ; ituoia. Acta, Asrv., Es. :
ituele, Uz.
Sand : exai, E. ; ikbeke, Agb. ; ekade, Agv. ; owuri, Sap.
Sandal (wood) : ikarakbo Agb. ; ikatakbq, Agv. ; akbakaci,
Uz.
Scatter (throw away), v. : iviokwa, E. ; ifikaka, Agb. ;.
ikwolikwa, Agv. ; izagalokwa, Es.
Scorpion : akpakugumaga, E. ; akbi, Agb. ; akme, Agv. :
akpakpasimaga, Es.
Scraper : ahia, E. ; a via, Agb., Agv. ; akbema, Uz.
Second : nokenokalo, nogieva, E. ; onizeva, Agb. ; nozeva,
Es. : egeva, uzeva, Uz. ; orive, Aj. ; esiava, esive, Uz. ;
osiava, Ew.
See, v. : idegele, E. ; idagoi, Ij. ; imie, Agb. ; imiqli, Agv., Es. ;
imio, Uz. ; memelele, Aj., Em.
Seize, v. : lmwe, E. ; isumo, Ar. ; mimuoni, Ok. ; imulo, Agb. ;
iniwoli, Agv. ; imwoli, Es. : imwo, Uz.
Sell, v. : ikieno, Ar. ; meduoni, Ok. ; ixie, E., Agb. ; irhedQ
(I take sell), Agv. ; ikie, Uz. ; mesie, Aj., Ew. ; misie, Iy.
Send back, v. : igiumuwerigbe, E. ; igelaiugieke, Agb. ;
igeleyeke, Agv. ; igiesodekeke (I send one road back),
Es. ; izoiaesike, Uz.
Send message, v. : igiuhumu, E. ; igiurumi. Agb. ; iguhomo,
Agv. ; igiowoxahomo, Es. ; igioiogo, Uz.
Send on, v. : igeyariodalo, E. ; iyolarhieugialo (I say them,
take road ahead), Agb. ; iyereyudalo (I say them go
ahead), Agv. ; igiesokalo, Es. ; izoiaialualo (I let him go
ahead), Uz.
Set fire to (house) v. : iyerhe fyowa], E. ; iyera [owa], Agb. ;
iyemiwa, Agv. : iwerbaiawgri, Es. : itetaemina, Uz.
Seven: ihino, E., Agv., Es., Ij., Sa. : ihinia, Ar. ; isiowa,
Ok. ; izinia, Ot. ; izilo, Agb. ; iselua, Uz. : isila, lb. : isilua,
Ivo. : ifuina, So. ; izonua, lb. ; isiene, Is. : iwuli. Em., Sap..
Aj., Ug., Ew., Iy., Ag.
Seventeen : ehadawugye, E. ; ikehasue, Ij., Sa. ; kaiairasue,
Ar. ; karesuye, Ok. ; azesasowigye, Ot. ; Lgbezilo, Agb. ;
igbehino, Agv. ; erajgbehebe, Es. ; igbeselua, Uz. ;
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 177
ixwigbigwere, Em. ; ixwegbegwule, Aj., Ew. ; ixwiolig-
bive, Sap., Iy.
Sew, v. : idoloi, is§, Agb. ; ise, Agv. ; iasuimi, Agv. ; itsoi,
ibukbu, Uz.
Shake head, v. : ifiiguhumu, E. ; iyegozoinia, Agb. ;
ideguhumu, Agv. ; iluegoliQmwa, Es. ; iyegozomia, Uz.
Shooting, go out, v.: ibati, E. ; iyakele,lamifi, Agb.; irarh-
ueramifi, Agv. ; iderugiafiemi, Es. ; iyafiQlaini, Uz.
Shoulder : izQbq, E. ; ifwabQ, Ok. ; ikpabq, Ot. ; igidiabQ,
Agb. ; ogijabQ, Agv. ; igiabo, Es. ; ugwidiabQ, Sa. ; ike, lb. ;
adike, Ko. ; igamabo, So. ; elehani, Is. ; are, Aj. ;
akparobQ, Ew.
Shout, v. : izoka, E. ; ivano, ikuilukoko, Agb. ; ikpqlukoko (I
take high voice), Agv. ; isolo, Es. ; iva, Uz. ; misele, Aj. ;
meselie, Iy.
Show, v. : imumale, E. ; irhenoxano, Ar. ; midoxaroni. Ok. ;
mirhokare, Ot. ; iterue, Agb. ; irhemali, Agv. ; itemioi,
Uz. ; meliele, Em.
Shut (box), v. : igwe, E. ; ibioigbe, Ij. ; mevaroni, Ok. ; miwero,
Ot. ; ivwe, Agb. ; iwole, Agv. ; ixwekpeti, Es. ; ivwe, Uz. ;
meliugbe, Aj. ; mekailo, Ov ; mekalie, Iy. ; mililagbe
Ag.
Shut (door), v. : iliegbe, E. ; iguxumede, Ar. ; misioku, Ok. ;
mikwoso, Ot. ; izelogba, Agb. ; izolekina, Agv. ; ibi^-
kugbe, Es. ; ikunopjie, Uz.
Silent, am, v. : imunuyigbe, E. ; ivunovoegbe, Agb. ;
irhunuoegbe, Agv. ; (stop speaking) : ihunwa, E. ;
igiegia, Agb. ; ihweia, Agv. ; ihweia, Es. ; igiegia, Uz.
Sing, v. : isiuha, E. ; imiemie (sing chorus), Agb. ; imiemie,
Agv. ; isiololo, Es. ; imiraiokai (answer to song), Uz. ;
mesuole, Aj., Em.
Sit : itota, E. ; igeto, Agb. ; igiaoto, Agv. ; idiuta, Ir. ; ideto
Uz. ; icelia, Aj. ; micelia, Ug. ; mecedia, Em. ; mqkeria,
Iy. ; mekedia, Ag. ; mikedia, Ov. ; mikedia, Sap.
Sit down (on gr.) : itotasoto, E. ; inetooto, Agb. ; idiawoto,
Agv. ; idiutasoto, Ir.
Six : eha, E., Ij., Sa., Agv., Es. ; isesa, Ar., Ok., Ot. ; eza,
II. N
178 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Agb. ; esa, Uz., Em., Sap. : Qsa, Aj., Ew., Iy., Ag. ;
Qsesa, lb. ; Eseesa, Ko. ; ezesa, So. ; isasa, lb. ; Qsesai,
Is.
Sixteen : enelawugye, E. ; ikenesue, Ij. ; kainerasue, Ar. ;
karenuye, Ok. ; azenezowige, Ot. ; ikenesue, Sa. ; igbeleza,
Agb. ; igbeleha, Agv. ; okpaiigbehele, Es. ; ixwggbesa,
Em. ; igbelesa, Uz. ; ixwebesa, Ew. ; ixwioligbqvo, Sap. :
ixwigbesa, Agb.
Skin : ikpakpa, E. ; ohiigbe, Es. ; inyamegbe, Sa. ; ekwesiegbe,
lb. ; ekwegbe, Ko. ; isi, So. ; ifafa, Is. ; ohoroma, Sobo.
Skin (made) : ohia, E. ; ovia, Agb. ; ohia, Agv.; ohie, Sap.
Sky : iso, oxumu, E. ; oxuli, Agb. ; oxumu, Es. ; okwi, Uz. ;
ehieme, Aj. ; okesasali, Ew. ; oke, Iy., Ag., Ovu.
Slave : ovie, E., Ar. ; elogo, Ij. ; owumu, Ok. ; ogumu, Ot. ;
ovie, Sa. ; oguma. Agb., Agv., Uz., lb., Ko. ; igmo, Es. ;
oviQ, Sobo.
Sleep, v. : ivie, E. ; imehe, Ij. ; ivee, Ar. : mewezela, Ok. ;
miwize, Ot. ; imeheli, Sa. ; igwe, Agb. ; ive, Es. ; memere,
Em. ; meverele, Sap. ; mekiere, Iy. ; misyelere, Ag. ;
misiewere, Ovu.
Sleeping-room (man's) : Qgwa, E. ; ebagwe, Agb. ; egiagwe,
Agv. ; ekowa, Qgwa, Es. ; egwa (men's), emoa (women's),
Uz. ; obevu, Sap.
Smoke : igogo, E. ; ukbeleyo, Agb. ; §hq, Agv.: igego,Es. ; QnQ,
Uz. ; oiiwiri, Sap.
Soap : qvaxwe, E. ; osa, Agb. ; ebaxo, Agv. ; QbakQ, Es. ; otza,
Uz. ; ogia, Sap.
Song : ihua, E. ; ilolo, Agb. ; iyolo, Agv. : okai, Uz.
Soup : umwome, unye, E. ; oomi, Agb. ; ooiuq, Agv.
South : atatu, Ageneg.
Speak, v. : igwale, E. ; iateta, Ij. ; ita, Agb. ; ita, Agv. ;
izurolo, Es. ; igwemoi, Uz. ; metota, Aj. ; metotao, Em. ;
meteme, Iy.
Spear : asolo, E. ; umasi, Agb. ; Qkwg, Agv. : oga, Es. ; ogbqdo,
Uz. ; ubili, Sap.
Spend, v. : iriaigwa, izagigwa, E. ; ifwekpigwa, Agb. ; ifw^kpigo,
Agv. ; ifiganeia (I give money to them), Es.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 179
Spider : akpakpa, E., Agb., Agv., Uz., Ok. ; axwixwa, Ij.
axwaxwa, Ar. ; ale, Es. ; ekpikpa, Sa. ; avele, Em. ; ohere
Aj.
Spin cotton, v. visiolulu, E., Agb. ; isiogu, Agv. ; irholulu, Es.
itsolu, Uz.
Spine : ukokodiyeke, E. ; ugogihimi, Ij. ; ugogomuxoxo, Ar.
okouxoxo, Ok. ; otozi, Ot. ; ugogelimi, Sa. ; ogogliyeke
Agb. ; uguiki, Agv. ; ugogiki, Es. ; ugore,gbe, Uz.
osoasugbuko, Aj., Ew. ; ogogubuko, Em.
Split, v. : isoli, E., Agv. ; ivaloi, Ij. ; mifwirori, Ok.: isegielo
Agb. ; isololi, ivalqli, Es. ; itzoloi, Uz.
Spoon (native) : ekokohie, E. ; isokeH, Agb., Agv. ; ooi, Es.
oqla, Uz. ; oyilala, Sap.
Spread, v. : iwalewa (mat), Es. ; iwaihioto, Ij. ; mitama
Ok.
Squirrel : qtan, olele, uxqrq, ukpobie, E. ; qta, qkQtq, qriebe
Agb. ; okoto, osebe, Agv. ; ota, Es. ; okoto, Uz. ; aja, evvue
Aj.
Stand, v. : imudia,E., Es. ; imiza, Agb. ; imugia, Agv. : imuza
Uz. ; mexoga, Aj. ; mefoga, memudia, Ug. ; medikie, Iy.
memudia, Ag., Ov., Sap.
Stand up : ikparemudia, E. ; ikparemiza, Agb. ; ikpanomugia
Agv. ; ikpanomudia, Ir. ; ikpatemiza, Uz. ; mivle, Aj.
mivlehoga, Ew.
Star : grhomi, Qgezu, E. ; ize, Agb. ; ikpahi, Agv. ; ekbaihia
Es. ; atata, Uz. ; usio, Aj. ; esio, Ewu.
Steal, act, v. : iduqrhie, E. ; iidobi, Agb. ; idologi, Avg.
irbale, Es. ; itue, Uz.
Stick : Qroxwa, E. ; usakpurha, Agb.
Stomach : erhe, ekpokuru, E. ; uduewe, Ar. ; awiewie, Agb
qkpere, Es. ; ukomele, lb. ; ele, Ko. ; ivu, So.
Stone : okuta, E. ; udo, Agb., Ewu.
Stool : uxwire, E. ; ukeri, Agb. ; akpete, Agv. ; agbala, Es.
utekwi, Uz.
Stop, rest, v. : idoboii, (I hold hand) ; E. ; iketi, E. ; ivumia
ifiatia, Agb. ; imaiyela, ikwaho, Agv. ; ihea, Es. ; lfuma
Uz. ; mefo, meiiwe, Aj.
180 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Stop,^. : stand, imudia, E. ; imuze, Ij., Ar. ; midie, Ok. ; midige,
Ot. ; imiza, Agb. ; imiijia, Agv. ; imudia, Es. ; imuza, Uz. ;
miamuga, lb. ; miga, Ko. ; migija, So. ; amizie, Is. ; imuzele,
Em. ; mexoga, Aj. ; memudia, me toga, Ug., Ew. ; memudia,
Sap., Ag., Ovu ; medikie, ly.
Strike, slap, v. : ifielimi, E. ; ifilavvosa, Ar. ; itegbo, Agb. ;
irhemigboli, Agv. : inialqle (? I make a quick movement
with hand), Es. ; iremenagbo (I take strike), Uz.
Suckle, v. : iriwe, E. ; itenyenenye, Agb. : itainyenainye, Agv. ;
irhimelainye, Es.
Sun : ovih, E. ; qle, ele, Agb. ; oele, Agv. ; ele, Uz. ; uvo,
Sobo.
Sunlight : avah, E. ; udala, Agb. ; udami, Agv., Es. ; atuadala,
Uz.
Sunrise : ovinyare, E. ; elegiere, Agb. ; ogogbeli, Agv. ;
ubqlezatsede, Uz.
Sunset : oriwota, E.: eledefia, Agb. ; ibilolo, Agv. ; ubeledefio,
Uz.
Sweat, v. : afofomi, E. ; itogia (I am warm), Agb.; itogia,
Agv. ; ewowagbemi, Es. ; aiwiemegwa (?), Uz.
Swim, wash, v. : ixwe [weze], E. ; igwe[da], Agb. ; iagvvede,
Agv. ; igwamekamni, Ir. ; igweda, Uz. ; amerero, Aj. ;
merherame, Ug., Ov. ; mehiame, ly. ; merere, Ag.
Sword : a^ada, E. ; atakobe, Agb., Agv., Es., Uz.
Tail: eiLurhumu, E. ; uwa, Agb.; urhumu, Aj.
Take away, v. imwekpa, E. ; irbilora, Agb. ; idokpano, Agv.
imwolofia, Ir. ; ituekpako, Uz. ; misiononatmitine, Aj.
Take down, v. : irhieyoto, E. ; irhiew.aioto, Agb. : itiowoto,
Agv. ; imwQl^soto, Es. ; iruawoto, Uz.
Take medicine, v. : iriuxumu, E. ; itiukumi, Agb. ; itiukumu,
Agv. ; iniuxumu, Es. ; iriyukumi, Uz.
Take off, v. : imwekpa, E. ; niQwiiaxeme, Ok. ; itielownri,
Agb. ; itioeware, Agv. ; ireukukponre, Es. : misiorhulumu,
Aj.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 181
Tell the truth, v. : ematitai, E. ; igiemoiita, Agb. ; itgmwara,
Es. ; igwemoitso, Uz.
Tell to call, v. : itamatiQlere, E. ; itamenotiore, Agb. ;
itamaedatioqre, Agv. ; igienamanatiglo, Es.
Ten : igbe, Edo ; ixwe, Sobo ; ikwe, Iy.
Testicles : iviekue, E., Ok., Ot. ; ekpivievara, Ij. ; inudo,
Ar. ; ukpevarha, Sa. ; iyata, Agb. ; ikpene, Agv. ;
ikpekepa, Agv. ; ivlite, Em., Sap.
Thank you, v. : uluQsi, E. ; qmena, Agb. ; axwemini (?), Agv.;
akwQmeli, Es. ; iruele, Uz. ; (I salute, I thank).
Thank (for it), v. : ikpomoi, E. ; obilu, Agb. ; obilue, Agv.
Thigh : ekwawe, E. ; isakole, Ij. ; ukqsQ, Ar. ; eogori, Ok. ;
QkQlowe, Agb. ; ekola, Agv. ; ekola, Es. ; ecici, lb. 5
ukiowe, Ko. ; irevo, So. ; abobo, Is. ; ekpogowo, Em.
Aj. ; ekbowo, Ew.
Think, v. : iluele, E. ; itekeku, Agb. ; irikeyele, Agv. ; iloli,
Es. ; iwaimoi, Uz. ; milolo, Aj.
Third : nogiha, nowelugiha, E. ; onizea, Agb. ; egea, Uz.
orerlia, Aj. ; esiarha, Ug. ; osierha, Ov.
Thirteen : iwera (iwela), E. ; igbeha, Ij., Ar., Sa. ; ogbesa,
Ok. ; igbelea, Agb., Agv., Uz. ; ixwera, Em., Sap. ; iwera,
iy-> Ag.
Thirty : Qgma, E., Ij. ; ogba, Ar., Ok., Ot., Sa., Is., Em., Ew.,
Sap., Iy. ; uwekpainigbe, Agb., Uz. ; uwebigbe, Agv. ;
ogmigu, Es. ; uyaligbe, lb., Ko. ; owolotigbe, So. ;
oboletigbe, Ibl.
Thread : olu, E. ; olulu, Agb. ; ogu, Agv. ; owu, Es.
Three: eha, E., Ij., Ar., Sa. ; esa, Ok., Ot., So., lb., Is.;
ese, lb., Ko. ; ea, Agb., Agv., Es., Uz. ; erha, Em. ; era,
Sap., Aj., Ug., Ew., Iy. (or esa), Ag.
Throw, v. : irhielefi, E. ; ifiegioi, Ij. ; ifinoii, Ar. ; mifuro-
dora, Ok. ; itielofia, Agb. ; itiefia, Agv. ; irhelofia, Es. ;
ifoi, Uz. ; mirhuilo, Aj.
Throw away, v. ; imufwa, E. ; ifilofia, Agb. ; ifietia, Ij. ;
ifinofia, Ar. ; mifiodoaroi, Ok. ; mefiobili, Ot., Agv. ;
ibirQlia, Es. ; ifiojfia, Uz. ; mikulofia, Aj.
Throat : urbu, E., Agv., Es. ; ufe, Ar., Ok. ; uvi, Ot. ; utu,
182 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Agb., Uz. ; urho, Ew. ; ufo, Sap. ; ubiwo, Ug. ; uxwo,
Ag.
Thunder : avanoxumu, E. ; osisioxumu, Ij. ; oknlitaze, Agb. ;
okuinuwaihia, Agv. ; avanvan, Es. ; ovano, Uz. ; ufe,
Aj. ; albfo, Ew. ; agblana, Sap. ; oglibo, Ag.
Time : ekbo, E. ; egege, Agb.
Tongs : ariwa, E. ; akboluka, Agb. ; akwa, Agv. ; akboka,
Uz.
Tokgue: alame, E. ; ole, Ij., Agb., Agv., Uz., lb., Ko., Aj. ;
oele, Ar. ; ore,, Ok. ; ire, Ot. ; ola, Es. ; idede, So. ; ode,
Is. ; ele, Ew., Sap., Ag. ; eb, Iy.
Tooth : ako(n), Edo, Sobo, Ekoe, lb., Ko. ; molar tooth :
igehe, E. ; ilili, Agb., Uz. ; iliaha, Agv. ; iziziako, Es. ;
ihihie, Aj.
Tortoise : egwi, E. ; Qgi, Agb., Uz. ; ogbe, Es. ; ugbewi, Aj.
Town, Place, Country : ewo, Edo.
Trap (big) : ifi, E., Agv., Es. : ufi, Agb., Uz. ; (small) :
exoxo, E.
Tree : erha, E. ; orha, Ij., Ar. ; ota, Ok., Ot., Agb., Es., Uz. ;
ora, Agv. ; urhe, Em. ; uwaro, Sap.
Trunk : qzirha, E. ; okenegburha, Agb. ; ekiegburha, Uz.
Turn Back, v. : iwqregbe, E. ; ifie.gbedelegbe, Agb. ;
ifiegbedenegbe, Agv. ; ikievawodekeke, Es. ; idonoretsike,
Uz.
Twelve : iweva, E. ; igbeva, Ij., Ar., Ot., Sa., Es.,Uz. ; ggbeva,
Ok ; ugbeleva, Agb. ; ugble\a, Agv. ; igbaleva, lb. ;
igbaiva, Ko. ; igbaneva, So. : ogbava, Ibl. : bebeleva, Is. ;
ixwere, Sobo ; iwive, Iy., Ag.
Twenty : Ugye, E. ; uwe, Ij. ; we, Ar., Ok., Sa., Agb., Agv.,
Es., Uz. (and Ogbo) ; owige, Ot. ; uye, lb., Ko., So. ;
qI)q1o, Ibl. ; Qgbgro, Is. : uje, Em. : uge, Aj. ; uze, Sap.,
Twenty-one : gkpainyogye, E. : uwebigkpa, Ij., Sa., Es. ;
uwaiokpa, Ar. : uwengkpa, Ok. ; owigearQkpa, Ot. ;
uwekpcjkpa, Agb., Agv. ; uwekpamukpa, Uz. (from a
form ogbo); ujegbgvo, Em.; ugegbqvo, Aj. ; uzegbovo,
Ew., Sap., Iy., Ag.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 183
Twice : igbava, E. ; iseva, Agb., Agv. ; egeva, Uz.
Two : eva, Edo ; ive, Sobo.
Understand : ingle, ihoi (I hear), E. ; ile, Agb. ; inete,
Agv. ; inele, Es. ; ile (I know), iso (I hear), Uz. ;
miniekewolao, Aj. ; miniobowotale, Ov. ; miniubawota,
Iy. ; miniubowotale, Ag.
Unlock, v. : ikigle, E. ; ikielo, Agb. ; ikieloi, Agv. ; iyalugiola
Es. ; iawewo, Uz.
Vein : inia, E. ; inie, Ar., Es., Sa. ; ilia, Agb., lb. ; enia,
Agv. ; ulie, Em. ; ilie, Aj., Ew. ; ulia, Ko. ; igbali,
Ok.
Village : igwe, E.
Vulva : oheuhe, E. ; ukoko, Ij. ; ikata, Ok. ; ieko, Ot. ; aba, Sa.,
Ar. ; igbQkozo, Agb. ; udeli, Agv. ; edi, Es. ; oxolo, Em.,
Sap. ; ukbuvio, Ew.
Waist ornament : emeku, E ; ilQge, Agb.
Wait, v. ; ixe, E. ; imiza, ike, Agb. ; ike, Agv. ; idiaxelQii, Es. ;
imuzakeo, Uz. ; eherelio, Iy.
Wait for, v. ; ixqli, E. ; ikeo, Agb. ; ikeqli, Agv. ; idiaxeloiya,
Es. ; imuzakeoiai, ikeo, Uz. ; mebqrowe, Aj.
Wake up, v. : irhiole (irhioi), E. ; ikiow;ogwi (break sleep) ikio
act, Agb. ; itiogwe (itioi), Agv. ; iwerhiore (irhioowe),
Es. ; ikioogwe, Uz. ; mivle, Aj. ; mekbama, Iy. ; mivlQni,
Ag. ; mivleni, Ov.
Walk, v. : ixia, E. ; ikia, Agb. ; ikia, Agv. ; ihielomo ? Ir. ;
ikia, Uz. ; miliemo, Aj. ; miluiluo, Ug. ; mikbitluo, Em. ;
mevliolo, Iy. ; mililuo, Ag. ; miluluo, Ov. ; mqluloo, Sap.
Wall : egb^ke, E. ; igbeke, Agb. ; e,gbokia, Agv. ; igbegboa,
Es. ; igbefodi, Uz. ; igbe, Sap. ; igbehe, Ew.
Want, v. : iho, E. ; iaho, Ij. ; iyo, Ar. ; mekoro, Ok. ; niesomifia,
Ot. ; ikili, Agb. ; mianono ( = 1 ask it), lb. ; mikero, So. ;
metorai, Is. ; megwono, Aj.
184 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Warm, make, v. ; iviewioi, E. ; iyoyolo, itelorhagia, Agb. ;
iwQwio, Agv. ; imwolgvigvie, Es. ; idoiitogia, Uz.
Wash, bath, v. : ixwgli, E. ; ixweya (take a bath), Agb. ;
ikowa, Agv. ; ikoa, Es. ; ikweya, Uz.
Waste money, v. : izigo, E. ; igwemoli, Agv. ; irhigolugnii,
Es. ; ifweekpigola, Uz.
Water : ame, Edo, Sobo.
Weaned, he is, v. : ofiiriwe, E. ; ofunoenie, Agb. ; Qtiunu-
wenya, Agv.
Weave, v. : idukmgn, E., Es. ; idukbo, Agb., Uz. ; mirh-
uarima, Aj.
Weaver : odukmqn, E., Ij., Agb., Es. ; qngpuwhare, Ok.
Week : edeki, use, E. ; uze (five), Agb. ; uhele, Agv. ; adaki,
Es. ; uze, Uz.
Well : uhai, E. ; omi, Uz. ; orale, Sap.
Weep, v. : ivie, E., Agv., Es. ; iaxwuli, Ij. ; igo, Agb., Uz. ;
mevie, Aj., Iy. ; mevielio, Em.
Wind : ehoho, E. ; avovo, Agb. ; aiihi, Agv. ; aho, Es. ; afofo
Uz.
West : olokun, unwota, E. ; ebeledefio. Agb. ; egionenedadolo,
Agv. ; elogode, Uz. ; ogre, Aj.
When ; dekbo, E. : gege, Agb. ; gegile, Agv. ; egela, Es.
eregenobe, Uz. ; devo, Ew.
Where : deke, E. ; ebe, Agb. ; giera, Es. ; oboi, Uz. ; itiro,
Ew.
Whisper, v. : idogwa (say in secret), E. ; idolotame, Agb. ;
idotamale, Agv. ; idofgketa, Es. ; idogwo, Uz. ; metoleme-
merha, Iy.
Whistle : elele, ufele, E. ; ulele, Agb. ; alele, Agv. ; uke,
Uz. ; oviolo, Sap. ; (mouth) efiewo, E. ; uvievie, Agb. ;
wehiemi, Agv. ; uduke, Uz.
White man : qbo, E., Ij. ; oibo, Ar., Ok., Ot., Agv., Es., Aj.
Sa., Iy. ; gvomi, Uz.
Why : bgze, Es. ; e,meze, Agb., Uz. ; ^bezgle, Agv. ; osgmi-
bela, Es.
Widow : Qgbg, grhgn, E. ; gtgn, Agb. ; azuku, Ew. ; aiyuku,
Sap. ; ose, Ag., Ov.
COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY. 185
Wing : ifwe, E. ; abiwe, Ij. ; abiwo, Ar. ; ifwawoni, Ok. ;
gifwa, Ot. ; ivwa, Agb., Uz. ; ukpokpo, Agv. ; ibekpe,
Em., Aj.
Woman : oxwo, E. ; oxwoho, Ij., Sa. ; okposo pi. ikposo, Ar.,
Ot., Uz. ; gniQxami, Ok. ; okwozo, Agb. ; Qkwo, Agv. ;
oxwo, Es. ; aiye, Em., Sa., Iy. ; aje, Aj. ; aze, eya, Ew.
Wonder (am surprised), v. : irhiene, Qkpamudi, E. ; onyamalua,
Agb., Agv. ; gdqgbemalugbe (he beats our face too
much), Es. ; imialua, Uz.
Word : Qme, E. ; emo, Agb., Agv., Es. ; emoi, Uz.
Work, v. : iwina, E. ; ikbokbo, Agb. ; ikwaho, Agv. ; iwinqlo,
Es. ; igbakainia, Uz. ; mililuo, Aj.
Wound, v. : ikwalosi, Agb. ; igiokwei, Agv. ; ikwaloli, Es. ;
ikwalotsi, Uz. ; miblo laho, Aj. ; menyalie, Iy. ; men-
yamelo, Ag. ; mesakio, Em.
World : agbqn, agmon, Edo, Sobo,
Wrist : axwobo, E. ; okwambo, Ij. ; akakusobo, Ar. ; uke-
kerha, Ok. ; ahegegobQ, Ot. ; axabo, Sa. ; akpakamobo,
Agb. ; oxumbQ, Agv. ; okw^gbe, Es.
Write, Carve, v. : igmoi, E. ; ikqke, Agb. ; ikekali, Agv. ;
igme, Es.
Yam Stick (for climbing) ; ikbesi, E. ; isakbe, Agb. ; isesele,
Agv. ; agwe, Uz.
Year : ukpo, E. ; ukbe, Agb., Agv., Es.
186 COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY.
Yam : inya.
Cassava : bobozi, E. ; ikeripia, Agb. ; medaka, Ewu.
Cocopalm : - ivi, E. ; iviobo, Agb. ; uviebo, Agv. ; ukokodia,
Ewu.
Corn : oka.
Cotton Tree : Qxa, E. ; Qka, Agb.
Fungus : otu, E. ; itu, Agb.
Koko Yam : iyoko.
Kola : ewe.
Oilpalm : udi.
Pepper : ehie, E. ; isie, Agb. ; asie, Agv. ; irhibo, Ewu.
Plantain : Qgede.
Sugar Cane : uxw^re, E. ; itekbe, Agb. ; irie,xwe, Agv. ; akele,
Ewu.
White Yam : emowe, E. ; emalofwa, Agb., Agv.
SECTION V
EDO DICTIONARY
SECTION V.
EDO DICTIONARY.
A, indefinite personal pronoun. Agbirabiyue, may some
one kill your father and mother. Awedo, greeting!
Amegwi, catch the tortoise.
Aba, anklets of beans.
Aba, iron staple for making medicine.
Abekwe, small knife for killing cattle.
Abeiiwali, herring bone pattern.
Abere, stomach marks.
Aberha, branch of tree.
Abiba, eaves.
x
Abode, an Ebo; keep watch on the road.
Abokpaii, they are both the same.
Abolokpo, loom sword.
Abomote, loin cloth (man's); triangular.
Ax a, weaver bird.
Axara, fork (of legs).
Axoxwa, bush fowl.
Axowa, house slave (cannot be sold).
Axwaxwa, crow; promise.
Axwagaxwaga, dassia, dendro hylax.
Axwaramunu, lip.
Axwe, a climbing plant ; joint ; wash !
Ax we,, to-morrow.
190 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ax wo bo, joint (upper limb).
Axworamohe, labia majora.
Ada, Ihogbwe who attended burials as representative of Ihama.
Ada, fork of road ; sword.
A dan eh a, where three roads meet.
Adanine, four cross roads.
Adese, middle ; adesowa, middle of house.
Adeseneva, middle.
Adesqnevirha, between two trees.
Ade.su kpafofi, uncovered open space in middle of room.
Adiye, fowl.
Afe, albino.
Afia, chisel.
Afiama, nervous, afraid.
Afiame, pulse.
Afiuhe, syphilis.
AfofQmi, I sweat.
Aga, stool, chair.
Aga. woman.
Agada, sword.
Agba, four-legged seat.
Agba, chin.
Agba, together.
Agbaguda, woman's cheek mark.
Agbaka, crocodile.
Agba km a, bald.
Agbena. battle.
Agbo, ram.
Agboxoxo, hornet.
Agboxu, ant.
Agboxumu, day for pregnant woman.
Agbodoviii, shade.
Agbwa, basket in which food is put when Olokuni is
worshipped.
Agma, man's basket.
Agme, bamboo, or cord to make patterns on pots ; decorative
marks.
EDO DICTIONARY. 191
AgmQfi, world.
Ago, strong.
Ago bo, left hand.
Agogo, shadow.
Agogo, bell; Hyades.
AgukisQmogye, evening star ; star that tries to take king-
ship from the moon.
Ahg, strainer.
Ahiame, bird.
Ahiamolo, bird on Osungmaton.
Ahiamosa, wagtail ; bird of Osa.
Ahove, armpit.
Ahuonawona, no moon,
aigyeke, corner of the house,
aihe, gonorrhea or gleet.
aihio, urine,
aile, I don't know,
ainyeho, deaf.
ainyo, rubber ; latex ; palm wine,
ainyoka, corn wine,
aisse, a form of salutation.
aiuboiilalua, early morning ( = take hand rub eyes).
aivona, no one.
aiyaluomanukbo, sacrifice to the year,
aiyawomame, sacrifice to rain,
aiye, still ; yet.
aiyomanovin, sacrifice to sun.
Akaba, dog bell.
A k aihe, fish spear.
Akasa, agidi.
Akbasiko, musical sticks.
Akbolu, black girdle.
Ake, burning ashes of wood.
Akia, three months.
Akiase, five months.
Akiane, four months.
Akj,nele, there.
192 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ako, a fruit.
Ako, a figurine used in Ihama's family for Oton
Akon, tooth.
Akoneto, toothache.
Akota, dog.
Akpa, if.
Akpakpa, butterfly, spider.
Akpakpwava, street where dead were exposed.
Akpakugumaga, scorpion.
Akpalakpala, kind of fish.
Ak pal ode, medicine girdle.
Akpanowiwi, a fool.
Akpata, musical instrument (of any sort).
Akpionpion, hornbill.
Akwe, feathers (for arrow).
Akwe, akwomo, uterus.
Alaito, shrub used in medicine.
A la me, tongue; animal; meat.
AlaniQze, river animal.
Alamezi, kind of bird.
Alamo ha, bush animal.
Ale, run !
Ale, cooked.
Alebu, a white yam.
Alele, rope.
Alemolegwa, orange.
Alimoi, orange or lime.
Alo, blue.
Aloi, cripple unable to walk.
Aloi, kind of fish.
Alonosozi, eyes open; not blind.
Alowa, master or mistress.
Alu, face ; eye ; shrine of an Ebo.
Alugbo, shrine.
Aluefai, idion of hunter.
Aluewu, hearth.
Alu n of wa, cornea (white eye).
EDO DICTIONARY. 193
Aluomai, scar (?).
Am a, wound ; bronze plaque.
AmainQkbolonQkbolggo, early morning (never sweep in
morning yet).
Amavaliwowa, virgin.
Ame, water ; amemake, there is no water left ; ameke,
water remains ; there is some water left.
Ame,, wife.
Arngbi, dark cloud.
Am Qb 2, mistress; lover.
Am^bosa, wife of Osa ; woman with atresia vaginw.
Amegbalo, cap (rain does not beat face).
Amen we, milk (of a woman).
Amenorho, rain (water which falls).
Ame, r ha, stepmother (wife of father).
Amerhiehie, drizzle (rain eats pepper).
AmQti, water boils.
Amenafof^le, the water is all finished.
Ame we we, drizzle.
AmQvi, tears.
Amqba, king's mother's "wife."
Amogewaise, chief of the Ewaise.
Amogye, prince's wife.
Ane, passing faeces.
Anwa, tongs.
Animiglo, salamander.
ApQle, chessboard pattern.
Ara, tinsel.
Arexwe, don't drive (it) away.
Arhie, man. Arhieva, two men. Arhigkpa, one man.
Arhualo, blind.
ArhuQ, circumcision.
Asa, shield, whip of elephant's tail.
Asa, wand of iluerie.
Asai, take water.
Asaka, stink ant, road ant.
Asamotg, driver ant.
li. o
194 EDO DICTIONARY.
As§, saliva.
As^kme, a white yam.
Asoko, a white yam.
Asolo, throwing spear ; small cuts made to cure a boiL
Asqn, night.
Asu, black paint (for body).
Atalakpa, leopard.
Atatabo, palm of the hand.
A tat a we, sole of the foot ; footprint.
Atehe, caterpillar.
A tele, (?) one said.
Ate tug we, basket for hair.
A to, grass land.
A t o r h i, gonorrhea.
Aw a, dog.
Aw a, prohibition ; ban ; prohibited food.
Awaigbe, family prohibition, totem.
Awailimi, prohibition imposed by priest.
Awalokpa, as soon as.
Awase, medicine.
Awavanoxumu, stone axe (lit. thunder dog).
Awq, plantain eater, African pheasant.
Awehame, instep (?).
AwQkia, impotent man.
Awe,se, thank you.
Awowo, hot.
Awoxa, boy.
Awoxoxu, g;irl.
Avalaka, a pattern (No. 10 in iV. and Q.), (lit. hammer).
A van, flying squirrel.
Avanoxumu, thunder.
Avi'q, pus.
A vie,, clitoris.
AviQli, idle, asleep.
Avihue, vein near anus.
Aza, store room.
Aze, witch.
EDO DICTIONARY. 195
Azua, man who asks (? sponges).
Azuwa, hair pin.
Azuzu, fan.
Ba, now ; with.
Ba, suffix meaning upright; onarhieba, he stood it up.
Ba, call for dog.
Bab a, father.
Bab a, just now.
Bame, with me.
Be, we, as.
Be, who, what, where ; batjruwe, what is your name ? Boxi,
what is it? Bodqsehe, how far? Bogbe, who killed
(him)? Baiailu, what is it for? Bozenunalwona,
why do you do this ? Bozonolunye, why do you do
thus ? Bwalu, what do you do ? Bwayeyi, where do
you live ?
Be, in, of ; begbema, in our family.
Bemata, true.
Bizo, big.
Boto, down.
Bugbehia, all the time.
De, ever.
Dq, what.
Dgde^nelgxi, what is to-day ?
Dedengxia, when is he going?
Dedenoxia, when are you going ?
De,kbo, when.
D^kbonuki, how long ?
Deke, where.
Dgnoxi, which.
Dewenoho, which goat do you want ?
Dewonuyi, where do you live ?
Dewonurie, where are you going ?
Dia, wait.
o 2
196 EDO DICTIONARY.
Diobobirha, go to the right.
Diobagobo, go to the left.
Do, a salutation.
Domanoxi, whose man are you ?
Dose,nia, till now.
Dosi, come and ask.
Dosowame, come, reach my house.
E, negative prefix; qxiame, it hurts me; Qxiame, it does
not hurt me.
Ebaxwe, parrots' feathers.
Ebale, sides of forecourt.
Ebaluedimi, Ebaluerha, raised platform at side of father's
room,
^baluiye, raised platform in mother's room.
iEbate, round bundle of fern in ome.
IJbe, ceremonial sword.
Ebe, leaf ; book.
Ebeli, agidi leaf.
Ebe wan a, palm leaf pattern.
Ebi, prevention (?).
Ebiebie,, darkness.
Ebisugu, leaf used to make black pigment.
ljbo, bag.
EbQ, minor "power," demi-god.
Ebo, white man ; doctors.
EbobQzi, cassava.
Ebogun, red.
Ebo me, bag of salt.
^bowa, woman's latrine.
Exai, sand.
Exqxq, trap (small).
ExQre, small.
|xu, door.
Exwai, Ebo for taking oath.
Ex we,, tomato.
IJxwi, black.
EDO DICTIONARY. 197
Exwgmume,, I am ashamed; exwemue, thou art ashamed;
exwemwe, he is ashamed.
Exwia, bull.
Exukxu, sweatfly.
Ed a, hail.
E dag be, every day.
SdQ, white hairs.
Ede, crown (?) of head.
Ede, day.
Ede, manatee (?).
Ede, duiker.
Edexiota, evening, twilight.
EdQgbedggbe, every day.
Edegigbe, at dawn.
Edegimu, at nightfall.
Edehaele, in five days.
Edehinoele, in six days.
Edeki, week ; market day.
Edelqnimirie, Eho, the day when the dead go away.
Edeluyiyi, early morning.
Edenwamoto, early morning.
Edeni, then.
Edqnokele, next day.
E die bo, pineapple.
Edi, civet cat (?).
!gdi, uncooked palm oil.
Edogbota, afternoon.
Edoyi, do you live in Edo ?
Edoikede, I come from Edo.
Ed qui a, various, different.
EdomadQgoi, each man.
Efa, priest of Ehinoha.
Ef e, rib, front.
Ef e\ property.
E fie wo, whistle (sound made by mouth).
Efu, flesh.
Efu, buckshot.
198 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ega = oiega, there.
Ega b ion a, son's son's son's son's son.
Egaiwo, council of notables.
Egba, bangle ; iron coiled round arm.
Egbaxia, widow "friend," mistress.
Egbanaka, ladder.
Egbe, family.
Egbe, bright; Qdegigbe, at dawn.
Egbe, ready.
Egbe, the same; egbomana, the same person.
"ggbe = back (of place).
EgbQ, body (human).
]Jgbe, widow.
Egbe (?); silent.
Egbegwelu, miscarriage.
Egbeke, wall of a house.
Egbe ma, house of wattles and mud.
EgbemawQmi, we are fresh, not tired.
Egbo, forest.
Egbu, roller.
Egbuwuga, part of house between door and corner.
Egiasegbgli, hereditary post.
Egiawoxo, rigid.
Egiro, it's finished all gone, not there.
Eg mo, fence.
Eg§, dinner, feast.
Egoderie, long court of the Oderie.
Egodi, hawk.
Egwa, I make heaps (for yams).
Egwai, king's house.
Eg we, bat.
EgwQ, hoe.
Egwi, tortoise.
EgwobQ, bead armlets.
Eg wo we, bead anklets.
Egufi, bath room.
Egute, a kind of dance.
EDO DICTIONAKY. 199
Eh a, six ; bush cow.
Eh a, three.
Ehadawugye, seventeen.
Ehai, forehead.
Ehairawugie, seventeen (lit. three is not in twenty).
Ehako, gums.
Ehasa, day.
Ehe, fish.
Ehe, away.
Ehe, yes, all right.
Ehexwi, green pigeon ( Vinago calvus).
Ehenanowa, market stall for silent trade.
Ehenokai, dried fish.
Ehi, soul.
fihia, all.
Ehie, nail; claw.
^ hie, pepper.
^hihi, soldier ant.
Ehinaxwoi, back of head.
Ehinehi, good genius {ehi which is ehi).
Eh 6, he breathes.
Ehogai, spirit of childless person.
Eh oho, wind.
Eho;ziza, whirlwind.
Eholi, end.
Eye,, son's son.
Eyeye, person with many children.
Ey^me, I hate ; don't love.
E^ko, reply to salutation ; " I hear."
Eka, four-cornered beads.
Eka, Agbor language.
Ekahiame, egg.
Ekbaihioli, bladder.
Ekbeho, loud.
Ekbekia, pubes (male).
Ekbeloxwe, glossy starling.
Ekbikolo, uncircumcised boy.
200 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ekbiku, dry leaves.
Ekbo, time.
Ekbo, bag; 10 ropes of yams (uga).
Ekbo, Ekbo (boy's society).
Ekbo, few.
Ekbofi, sufferer from yaws.
Ekbohe, pubes (female).
Ekboki, round box.
Eke, mud, clay for making houses ; wall.
Eke, place.
Ekeliye, place where I live.
Ekete, king's throne.
Eki, market.
Ekia, penis.
Ekianokwame, penis from which no semen issues.
Ekigbesia, fifty.
Ekigbesiene, seventy.
Ekigbesise, ninety.
Ekita, dog.
Eko, abdomen above navel (see Eku).
Eko, soon.
Ekoxome, I am vexed.
Ekogbwe, wall round king's house.
Ekohihieme,, I have diarrhoea.
Ekohiyoi, dysentery.
Ekokodu, heart.
iEkokohie, spoon.
Ekovome, I am content; qkomavome, I am not content.
Ekpafe, courtyard.
Ekpahpeyi, loaf of fufu.
Ekpe,ku, small.
Ekpo, bag (see ekbo).
Ekpokuru, stomach.
Ekpona, while.
Ekpuru, windpipe.
Ekre, toad.
Eku, semen.
EDO DICTIONARY. 201
Eku, hip, waist (see eko).
Ekwabo, upper arm.
Ekwawe, thigh.
EkwQ, cross belt (of beads).
Ekw§, bellows.
!Ekwexami, door.
Ekwiye, spoon (from Portuguese ?).
Ekwoxwo, woman's waist.
Ekwoli, feathers.
Elagbode, last child (of man or woman).
Ele, to-day.
Elele, flute.
EIqIq, eight.
Elimi, heaven.
Elimia, I beg.
Elimidu, king's ancestors.
Elo, knife, bell.
£lo, it is not finished.
Eloxi, chameleon.
Elogisi, cruel.
Elomebo, bronze.
El^rno, brass; bracelet.
Elohogeta, I don't lie.
Eloze, lawful.
Elu, sand heap on threshold.
Elu, nor.
Elulima, knife.
Elu we, edumq, neither you nor me.
Em a, brain (?).
Ema, fufu.
Emata, true.
Ematitai, I tell the truth.
Ematon, iron.
Em aw a, stepfather.
Emk, monkey.
Eme\ word.
Erne do, man's drum.
202 EDO DICTIONARY.
EmQku, waist ornament.
Ernqsakpaide, woman's drum.
Emi, something.
Emiuga, dowry.
Emi a me, easy.
Emi a me da, disease.
Emila, cow; cattle.
Emilogiso, caterpillar (?)
Emilovia, bullr oarer.
Emilokpa, nothing.
Emiowo, meat.
Emiri, animal that is tied with rope.
Emivame, I wound (?I am wounded, thim* hitshne).
Emo, son.
Emogo, man's drum.
Emo we, white yam ; morning fufu.
Emu, dark (day).
Eniwe,, ashes.
Emunamune, firefly.
Ene, four.
Enelawugie, sixteen.
Eii we, breast (woman's) ; milk.
Eni, elephant.
Eni, name.
Enia, now.
Eniame, hippopotamus.
Eniele, his name.
Enyai, neck.
Enyai, Enyai, market on Jeduma road.
Enixuxu, house pigeon.
Enyq, albino.
En ye, snake.
EnyQ, marrow.
EnyenQxiunu, snakebite.
Epapunwa, wax.
Era, hartebeest.
Erere, crown of the head.
EDO DICTIONARY. 203
Erha, wood ; tree.
Erha, father.
Erhai, his, her father.
Erhame, ant.
Erhamenagrnqn, lover (woman speaking) ; (lit. father in this
world).
Erhamodede, my father's father.
Erhanowu, dead wood.
Erh£, fire.
Erhe, abdomen.
Erhiye, mother's father.
Erhirha, cramp.
Erhggmo, live wood.
Erhomo, hermaphrodite (?).
Erhu, hat.
Erhue, bush buck.
Erhuivie, neckbeads.
Erhumoyi, crow pheasant.
Erhumudiadia, butterfly.
Erhumunie, stranger.
Erhurhumu, tail.
Erialue, once upon a time (lit. so they did).
Erfaria, sandfly (?).
Erie, house.
ErQxe, yellow.
Erowabiriowa, you were not at home, when I came.
Erii, yam stack (foundation).
Eruhan, king's cloth skirt.
Erurunowa, roof.
Esagye, blood.
E sale bo, plant from which seeds are taken to make a rattle.
Ese, property.
Esi, pig; e^n, horse.
Esioha, bush pig.
Eso, some.
Esofi, poor, poverty.
Esu su, owl,
204 EDO DICTIONARY.
Etekia, pubic hair (male).
Etason, hair standing straight up.
Eti, strong.
Etif ome, I tire.
Etio, brother.
Eto, breath.
Eto, fire for cooking food.
Eton;mo, straight hair.
Etonok^ri, frizzly hair.
Etu, hair; beard; moustache.
Etualu, eyebrows.
Etuhe, pubic hair (female).
Eva, these.
Evaxwe, soap.
Evase, finis ! that's the end.
Eve, elephantiasis of scrotum.
Eve, tears.
Evq, what; evilu, what I do; evomalu, what a man does.
Evi, cooked palm oil.
E vie, anvil.
Evisoka, dog.
Evwato, badger.
Evwe, badger.
Evwon, scarcity.
Ewa, sleeping mat.
Ewadiselo, chest mark.
Ewai, a tree.
Ewai, family.
Ewale, food.
Ewame, she-goat.
Ewe,, kola.
Ew£, chest; breasts.
Ewe, goat.
Ewi, kind of fish.
Ewifi, small pox.
Ewi vie, bead coat.
E w o, place ; town ; district.
EDO DICTIONARY. 205
Ewogiewqlo, twentieth.
Ewgro, swamp.
Ewowu, bush crocodile.
Ewu, funnel.
!gwu, he is not dying.
Ewugbgfe, side mark.
Eze, river.
Ezenawale, bridge.
Ezikg, calabash flute.
Ezirha, trunk of tree.
Ezo, case (law) ; palaver.
Fe,ko, careful.
Fgle f^le, thin.
Fi, and.
Ei, inside; fioha, inside the bush.
Eiaxwe, game of marbles (?)
FialametQ, roast meat.
Fiirha, into the tree.
Fumuda, but.
Fwa, suffix meaning away; mufwa, throw (it) away.
Gaxia, go; go on.
Graf ekoxia, walk slowly.
Galue, go on.
Garhao, salutation for a chief.
Gade, who is coming?
Gainyale, whose is it?
Gano, who.
Gba, correct ; ikodogba, the assembly was complete.
Gbe, very.
Ge, neg. prefix; gege, don't look; g§yo, don't go; gere,
don't come; giahaime, silence ! (don't let me hear word.)
Gi, if; wagixia, if you go.
Givo, full.
Giaheme, speak.
206 EDO DICTIONARY.
Gu, for; gume, for me.
Gume, let me.
Gwedia, wait (with him, her).
He, no.
1,1
lb a, I put, I loose.
lb a, mud seat.
Ibafi, I go hunting.
Ibaiku, I miss (something).
Ibairie, seat under eaves in oderie.
IbekbQ, middle, bekwiyeke, in the middle of the back.
Ibi, charcoal.
Ibiaxe, soot.
Ibi bi, dark (°f day)-
Ibie, I bear (a child).
Ibie,, intestines.
Ibie do, son of a slave (may be sold).
Ibiegbe, I shut (a door).
Ibieka, boy; ibiekeha, ibiekaneha, three boys. Ibigkada
enaxi, these are bad boys.
Ibiluha, I lose myself.
Ibiroga, an Ibiwe, Iwegwa or Iwebo, who attended the
palace daily.
I biro, I guess.
I bo, I divine.
Ibobehe, scale (fish).
Ibohie, I settle a case.
I bow a, I build a house.
Ibigle, I prick, pierce.
Ibu, I break.
Ibue, I put.
Ibuluku, small cloth reaching to the knees,
lb we, I cut.
Ibwe, I go.
lb we, I break.
EDO DICTIONARY. 207
Ibwefe, I break a bone.
Ixa, I say.
I x a i m e, I curse, abuse.
Ixaimi, I help (in a caso).
Ixale, I say it.
Txalo, man's forehead marks.
Ixamale, I tell ; Iyaxamale, I [go] tell.
Ixariesoyema, I am waiting for some one here.
Ixq, I wait.
Ixi, I am.
Ixia, I go.
Txialele, I go with him, her.
Ixie, I wash ; rub.
Txie, I sell.
Ixiegbe, I dry myself.
Ixiele, I twist.
Ixienowale, I am a big man.
Iximi, Ichimi tree.
Ixiomi, half.
Ixo, forehead marks, man's.
Ixgde, I lie in ambush.
Ixole, I wait for.
Ixo,n, I fight.
Ixu, farmer's knife.
Ixwe, I wash ; I swim.
Ixwe, I drive.
Ixwexwe, palm wine (from tree cut down).
Ixwefwa, I drive away.
Ixweime, I answer.
Ixwerie, king's women's house.
Ixwewowa, I bath ; wash at home.
Ixwigle, I lock.
Ixwoi, I pick.
Ixworo, mud.
Ida, bad.
Ida, hour glass drum with strings.
Idai, I drink (wine) ; Idainyo, I drink palm wine.
208 EDO DICTIONARY.
IdaihQ, I listen ; give ear.
Idamiho, I understand.
Idamo, 1 taste.
I da tie, I shout for ; call.
Ide, I tie ; Imade, I don't tie.
Id(j, I fall; Imade, I don't fall.
Ide, I bivy; Imad§, I don't buy.
Ide\ I come ; ide, I am not coming.
Idegele, I see.
Idgnwe, I come for you; I buy for you.
Idi, grave (for corpse).
Idia, I stay.
Idia, I menstruate.
Idyogbo, idion of the farm.
Idigie, I squat.
Idinai, I reach.
I do, riddle.
I do, flying ant.
Idoboii, I rest ; I hold my hand.
Idoxwai, I make baskets.
Idogwa, I whisper.
Idoi, I get a dry skin.
Idoii, I buy (it).
Idoleyi, I make better ; I mend.
Idolegbelue, I do it again.
Idolo, I sew ; I rub.
Idolo, I sacrifice (to Oto).
Idoloi, I look after.
Idu, brown dove.
Iduakpakpa, spider's web.
I due, bo. ringdove.
Idu mo, quarter.
Idumo, 1 make.
Idzo, I send.
iQrio, I turn (yams on the fire).
Ifamagbe, ribs.
Ife, J am safe.
EDO DICTIONARY. 209
Ife, I reach.
Ife, me, arrow.
If i, trap (big).
Ifiai, I cut.
Ifiaile, I bite.
Ifiamoi, I knock.
Ifie, I flog.
Ifie, do, I mistake.
Ifiglimi, I flog, I strike.
I fie to, hair in thrums.
Ifiezera, I cross a river.
Ifiha, I foretell, I throw ifa.
Ifiiguhumu, I shake my head.
Ifiyo, I swear.
Ifioka, I reap (cut) corn.
Ifiokoko, I hop.
Ifwalu, eyelashes.
If we, wing.
Ifwihe, fin.
Iga, prison.
Iga, feather.
Iga, I divide; I gale, I divide it.
Igagygfuri, I cool.
Io-adio, I bite.
Igayi, I send (my daughter to her husband).
Igaiyo, I am going.
I gale, I am going to eat.
Iganome, I marry; inome, I don't marry.
Igariemi, I want food; iriemi, I don't want food.
Iga we, I shall say.
Igba, authority to speak to king's wives.
Igba, I bandage, tie.
Igbaimwe, I attach.
Igbaha, thrice.
Igbane, four times.
Igbava, twice.
Igbe, I kill, I beat, I dance.
n. p
210 EDO DICTIONARY
Igbe, ten.
Igbehe, fish spine.
Igbehioli, I take and rub it.
IgbglozQlo, sickness.
Igbelua, I kill.
Igbera, I pass.
Igberha, I tie wood.
IgbiminQlimi, I sacrifice.
Igbina, I fight.
Igbo, top (toy).
Igbo, igbukmQn, cover cloth (man's).
Igbo, I cut.
Igbu, piece of cloth.
Ig$, igie, I laugh.
Ige, I look.
Ige, I send.
Ige,de, doctor's drum.
Ige, da, mahogany.
IgQga, bell worn by pregnant woman.
Igegosun, branches of Osun.
IgQfe, property.
Ige he, molar tooth.
Igele, grown men ; second of the three divisions of men.
Igele, young ones.
Ige wale, chop money.
Igenowa, I devastate.
Igeyareodalu, I send on (a person).
Igia, I cut.
I gi do, I am dry.
Igie, I send. Igigiowe, heel. Igilaso, I am near.
Ig^mi^ko, bell worn by pregnant woman. Igioma-
buele, I sent a man to him.
Igivigko, cord worn round the neck4in pregnancy.
Ig^zQlue, I keep on doing.
Igma, small bone, fish bone.
Igmo, parts round the knee.
Igmo, I mark.
EDO DICTIONARY. 211
Igmoi, I clean, I carve, I write.
I go, horn, cowries, money.
I go, I give food.
Igogo, smoke.
Tgogo, I am pleased.
Igogofi, white feathers.
Igue, I permit.
Igwa, T plant.
Iinvabo, elbow.
Tgwaxa, I don't know how to say.
Igw|laxa, T know how to give a message.
Igwaloi, I find.
Igwame, I ferry across.
Igwe, I shut.
Igwe, I help.
Igwe, I follow.
Igwe, village.
Igwe, I sing.
Igwe, month for sacrifice.
Igwe, I sacrifice (to my head).
Igw^dQ, I buy from you.
Igwegbina, I fight.
Igwe ho, I help find.
Igwe we, long leaf used in making pots.
Igwi, I make palaver, quarrel.
IgwomQri, king's servants.
Igwovoi, I break.
Igye, corner; igyowa, corner of the house; igyeme, posterior
border of armpit.
Igye, I laugh,
Igye\ ankle.
IgyokQ, king's trader with Europeans.
Igyolowa, water yam.
Igyuhumu, I send a message.
Igyumuyerigbe, I send back.
I ha, divination.
Iha, pit for criminal.
P 2
212 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ihage,, dried meat in mats.
Ihai, I bore.
Ihame, I become pregnant.
Ihasa, I pay ; ihale, I pay for it.
I he, load.
I he, road " juju."
I he*, I refuse.
I he, I carry.
Ihegilue, I have done it, (gone on) till I am tiro<
Iheyo, I put.
Ihede, a bean.
Ihelini, I give name.
Iheme.ku, kidney (?).
Ihewe, I inhale.
Ihewerioto, I exhale.
I hi, forbidden thing.
I hi, from.
Ihie, I climb.
I hie, I cover.
Ihiehie, son's son's son.
Ihiehie, black bean.
Ihiezi, I ride.
Ihini, nine.
Ihino, seven.
Ihio, I come.
Ihio, loofah.
Ihioke, I climb a hill.
Ihiulu, worm.
Ihiuhumirha, I climb a tree.
I ho, I find.
Ihp, I hear.
I ho, I want.
I ho, company ; people of same age#
I hoi, I hear it ; I understand.
Ihonimioi, I don't want to die.
Ihrame, I touch.
Ihwa, song.
EDO DICTIONARY. 213
I hue, nose.
Ihume, I wake.
Ihumu, millipede, centipede.
Ihuriwa, I am silent.
I h wale, I clean.
Ihwe, I take you, I copulate.
Ikunogole, father's room.
Jile, I don't eat.
lio, I am not going.
Iise, one hundred.
Ik a, tie- tie, bush rope.
Ik I, I fill.
Ik a, I feel.
Ikai, I count.
Ikalo, lower part of forehead.
Ikba, I come out, rise, go.
Ikbaihiagbede, I leave Agbede ; Ikbaihiedo, I leave
Benin city.
Ikba, I vomit.
Ikbaigbe, I get up.
Ikbame, hail.
Ik be, I stay (in a house).
Ik be, I wash.
Ik be, si, stick for training yams.
Ikboge, I shake water (in a vessel).
Ikbokbo, I trouble.
Ikboleki, I sweep the market.
Ikboto, I sweep the ground.
Ikbuko, calabash seed.
Ike, I remain.
Ikgbe, buttocks.
Ike/le, day reckoner.
Ik^dode, I come from Edo.
Ikgdore, I come from Edo ; I come out from there.
IkesQgma, twenty-five (not used in counting).
Ikesugye, fifteen.
Ikenawie, sleeping place (on march).
214 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ike,ni, elephant hairs for stringing beads.
Ikewu, pot rest.
IkQvare, I come from there.
Ikie, I open, unlock.
Ikiere, I bring (otu).
Ikimualuhumu, master's room (room of shrine of head).
Ikire, I lean my head on his hands.
I km ale fu, I cause abortion.
Iko, brass armlet.
Iko, I plant.
Iko, meeting.
Iko, head band.
Iko bo, copper.
Ikodalo, I precede.
Ik odor e, I come out from there.
Ikoko, pipe (tobacco).
Ikole, I aim.
Ikole, I wait.
Ikolo, I gather fruit.
Ikoye, I hop.
Ikpogi, or isegegwe, a bean.
Ikpako, obstacle.
Ikpakpa, skin.
Ikpakpalo, a bean.
Ikpakpwegbe, skin (human). «
Ikpalakala, a beetle.
Ikpale, I help (with a load).
Ikparemudia, I stand up.
Ikparuru, wasp.
Ikpawa, I come out from there.
Ik pa we, floor.
Ikpe, seed.
Ikp§, red yam.
Ikpe, I stay.
Ikpevene, four unbroken kola.
Ikpe, boa.
Ikpiame, rainbow (lit. water snake).
EDO DICTIONARY. 215
Ikpixie, a bean.
Ikpihabo, finger.
Ikpihabo logyeloka or nowaloka, first finger.
Ikpihabo, logye, thumb.
Ikpihabo nokadige, second finger.
Ikpihabqnexere, little finger.
Ikpihabg nodiake ne.xe.re,, third finger.
Ikpihe, gravel.
Ikpo, lizard (red headed).
Ikpolu, cotton seed.
Ikpomoi, I thank.
Ikpowa, gecko.
Iku, room in house.
Iku, peelings (of yams, etc.).
Iku, I dance, I play; I copulate.
Iku, Ekbo (secret society for boys) ; small dirt.
Ikugbe, I mix.
Ikulu, I dance.
Ikunaluiye, mother's room.
Ikunu, I take.
Ik wale, I kneel.
Ik we, I permit, agree ; I can.
Ik we, I can't, I don't agree.
Ik we, I make.
Ik we, body, corpse.
Ikwe.kwQ, palm wine; wrinkles.
Ikwele, ominous bird.
Ikwele, I set a bone, reduce a joint.
Ikwenie, I answer.
IkwQti, halt, rest.
Ikwixai, I play a game.
Ikwifi, I make a trap.
Ikwihi, I pack, make up loads.
Ikwobqyo, I begin.
I la, I pass, I enter.
I la, I want.
I lax we, day after to-morrow.
216 EDO DICTIONARY.
I la?, I go.
Ilai, I pass him.
Ilaiyanovie, I go to sleep.
Ilakbo, I go to bed.
Ilaloi, I lick.
Ilame, black ant (with nest in tree).
I la me bo, house ant.
I law a, I go home.
Ilawele, I stay alive.
Ilawowa, I go inside the house.
He I bury.
Il§, I know.
Hq, I run.
Il§, I eat.
He, I cook.
11$, I salute.
Ile,gi, run.
Ilqgwa, I do . . . in spite of all.
Ilele, armpit.
Ilele,, I follow.
He, mi, I cook something.
Ilexe, 1 trade.
Ilexui, I look.
II eye, I stay.
Ilo, Hie.
Ilo, I think.
116, I go.
Hole, I go round the town.
Ilolo, I remember.
Iloluye, I copulate.
Homo do, il om ox wo, I marry (husband or wife).
Ilorio, I think so.
Ilo vie, I lie down (to sleep),
[loviesoto, I lie down.
Hue, I make.
Hue, dirty.
HuQfo, I finish.
EDO DICTIONARY. 217
Iluele, I think.
Iluedimi, I sacrifice (to my ancestors).
Iluese, I clash you.
I lu he, I copulate.
Iluigo, I count money
Iluiguhumu, I nod my -head (backwards).
Ilukoisa, I am not Oisa's messenger.
Ilumiesi, kind (adj.).
Ilumu, grass.
Iluoli, I learn it.
Imagie, I order.
I male, I measure ; I don't know.
Imanole, I don't know,' it.
Imaiyaiyi, I disbelieve.
Imamai, I arrange.
Imasabo, I cannot.
I ma vale, I do not meet, I miss.
I me, I have (it).
Imie, I guess.
ImiQ, I take.
Imi^ze, I have money.
Imigo, I save money.
Imihenaxia, in order to go.
Imina, I dream.
Imioi, I find it ; I see it.
Imoha, tribute to king.
Imohu, I am vexed.
Imolosa, I owe money.
Imomogberaize, I ferry across.
Imudia, I stand ; I stay; I stop.
Imue, I carry (in one hand).
Imufwa, I throw away.
Imuhi, I put away.
Imuke, I cook.
Imumale, I show.
Imumwege, I show.
Imune, I (take and) give.
218 EDO DICTIONARY.
I m wale, I deny.
Imwe, I seize.
Imwexaife, I carry on my hip.
Imwefwa, I throw away; I lose.
I m w e g b e 1 e, i m w e g b e, I am ready, I prepare.
Imwegbene,, I am ready.
Imwekpa, I take away.
Imweniuhumu, I carry on my head.
Imwqmobo, I carry in my hands.
Imwe wo wo, I carry on my back.
Imwere, I bring.
ImwQvelo, idle.
Imwegbina, I make peace between people.
Imwekpa, I put off a cloth.
Imwo, I drink.
In a, they, their, them.
In a, I get ready.
Inafiai, I am ready to cut.
Inaga, I begin.
Inali, I pass.
I name, eaves.
Inatobina, themselves.
Inaneva, both, they two.
Inasie, I pull.
Inawe, they say.
In a we, I say.
Inaweva, both ; they two.
Inawole, they two.
I lib era, over.
In^le, I understand ; I know it.
In qua, I ask.
In§, I don't know.
lne, I know.
Ine, I am constipated.
In§, I pass fasces.
In(j, four.
Iriwa, I grow up. In wale, I grow.
EDO DICTIONARY. 219
In wo, I drink.
Inia,'vein.
In ni, hymen.
Inia, I open.
Iniele, I make profits.
Inimiai, I beg.
Inii, fashion, custom.
Inirha, root.
In in ye, I deliver a message.
Iniunuyigbe, I am silent.
I no, fur.
I no, I ask.
Inolota, I ask a question.
Inolemi, I ask for a thing.
I no x wo me, how many wives have you ?
I no fih a, prophet.
Inokare, I came first.
Inoi, I ask it.
Inoinyale, master.
Inole, I know it.
Inukinuki, how long?
I n w e, I catch ; I suckle.
Inwqnixi, how much is that ?
Inya, I get it.
I n yd, yam.
Inya, with.
Inya, I knock.
Inyakomohu, yam used as " pillow."
Inyamie, I forgot.
Inya to, roast yam.
Inyebo, potato.
Inyigbe, I strain (in passing faeces).
Inyogmo, raw yams.
Iredo, I go to Edo.
Irene wekere, I came before you.
Irene wo, I come back.
I r hale, I am a thief.
220
EDO DICTIONARY.
Irhalehi, I detach.
Irhalewowa, I pillage a house.
Irhiale, I spoil.
Irhialua, I destroy; I spoil.
Irhiare, I come.
Irhie, I take ; I carry (in two hands).
Irhie, proper.
Irhiegboto, I put on the ground.
Irhieyoto, I take down.
Irhielele, I hide.
Irhieli, I pick it up.
Irhiele.fi, I throw.
Irhielele, I hide.
Irhiene, I give ; irhiniyane, I give yams..
Irhiene, I am surprised.
Irhierho, I put up.
Irhiole, irhioi, I wake up (trans.).
Irho; cheek marks.
Irholi, I pick it up.
Irhue, I circumcise a boy ; I cut a girl ; I put on clothi
Irhue, I light.
Irhue, I bend ; set a trap.
Irhue, I shut.
Irhukmon, I put on a cloth.
Irhjile, I run.
Irhurejviia, I throw out water.
Irhurhuele, voice.
Iri, bush rope.
Iriaigwa, I spend.
Irie, I eat ; irinya, I eat yams.
Irinelimiri, part of Osun ; rope in which Elimi is tied..
IriQ, I take (several things).
Iriukbo, I go to bed.
Iriono, it's so.
Iriuxumu, I take medicine.
Iro, cheek marks.
Iro, I live.
EDO DICTIONARY. 221
Irigb^de, I live in Agbede ; ire, do, I live in Edo.
I ma, I knock.
Irualefwa, I push away ; I upset.
Is a, faeces.
Is a, I jump.
Isada, I give to drink.
Isahe, key and lock.
Isai, I shoot ; hit.
Isaiyo, I put (liquid).
Isai we, ground nut.
Isako, I file teeth.
Isale, I jump.
Isapamelogodi, son's son's son's son.
Isaga, I am well.
Isavaii, long stone axe.
Ise, flat musical stick.
Ise, mancala, a game.
Ise, rattle (calabash).
Ise, five.
Ise, amen.
Is£, I am ; I get ; I reach.
Isegegwe, see Ikpogi.
Iselai, I permit, allow.
Isemie, I save.
Isenyogie, twenty-five (in counting).
IsQrio, I bless ; take off curse.
Iseti, I can't.
Iseti, I can.
I si, I ask.
Isie, I pull.
Isie, I put down.
Isie, I dry.
Isiekotp, I extinguish.
Isie, k we, I lend.
Isielaiodyeke, I leave behind.
Isigmi, things collected one by one.
Isili, silver.
222 EDO DICTIONARY.
Isimi, I quarrel.
Isimi, I save.
Isiolulu, I spin cotton.
Isiwa, I sing; dosiwame, come and sing for me.
I so, I sing.
I so, I reach.
I so, I break.
I so, sky.
Isoboio, I begin ;JI catch him.
Isohumu, I butt.
Isolai, I leave.
I soli, I split.
I some,, I pierce (with wood).
Isonoro, ? cloud; sky in the I wet season.
Isu, I work bronze.
Isuali, I push.
Iswasefe, sides.
Is lie, I lead.
I sue, I begin.
I sue, I sing.
Isuoi, I prick, I pierce (with a spear)-
Isusu, evil thing, ? spirit.
Isalo, syphilis.
It a, I look.
It a, I guess ; riddle.
Ita, feather ordeal.
I tab a, tobacco.
Itai, I speak, I say it.
Itegamwe, I try to catch.
Itepe, a kind of snake.
Iterhagboto, I fell a tree.
Iti, I fly.
I tie, I call.
Itiele, I read.
ItihQ, I curse, I abuse.
Itiko, I call a meeting.
Itoge, I lie.
EDO DICTIONARY, 223-
Itoi, I roast; gnorigto, she gives to roast ; Qnorigtoi, she
takes and roasts.
Itoi, I am alive.
ItQlo, I scratch.
Itono, I dig.
Itonoii, I dig it.
It ota, I sit.
Itotaia, buttocks.
Itotasoto, I sit down.
Itoto, I dig the ground.
Itu, I dress my hair.
Itue, I salute.
ItuQgboto, I fell.
Ituesagie, I bleed.
Itwi, smoother for inside of pot.
Itulgmu, I run.
Itume, I have connection with.
Itu oma, I salute a man.
Iture, I descend.
It ure woke, I go down the hill.
Iva, I hit.
Ivai, I please.
Ivaila, I turn off the road.
I vale, I catch up ; I break.
Ivale, I cut up.
I vale, food.
Ivarawugie, eighteen.
Iv§, I wrestle.
Ive, I can.
Ivi, iviebo, cocopalm ; palm kernel.
Ivi, scrotum.
Iviawaneha, belt of Orion.
I via we, part of foot above heel.
I vie, I sleep.
Ivie\ beads.
I vie, I draw.
Ivi ekbo, snake.
224 EDO DICTION AEY.
Iviekwe, testicle.
I vie r ha, shrub.
I vie wi cj, I warm.
Ivio, I keep.
Iviokwa, I scatter ; throw away (things).
Ivioi, I put it.
Ivioludo, short marks on cheek.
Iviove, butterfly.
Ivirha, I cut wood.
Ivirunu, toothache.
Ivwe, I dig up.
Iwa, I don't eat ; I forbid.
I wale, I meet.
Iwaimi, I divide.
Iwele, fish poison.
Iwele, I answer (a shout).
I we, I open.
I we, I order.
I we, I plant.
I we, I say.
I we, I stay.
Iwedo, I summon ; Iwedorierinia, I call to turn
yams.
Iwela, thirteen.
Iwele, I roll.
Iwene, fourteen.
Iwer^gbe, I turn back.
I we tie, I shout.
Iweva, twins.
Iwie, I take.
Iwili, baboon.
I wili, I am lost.
Iwina, I work.
Iwofiagbe, woman's mark above navel.
Iwoi, I take sticks from the ground.
Iwoi, I jump.
Iwoloi, I pluck.
EDO DICTIONARY. 225
Iwgmado, I compliment, say "do " to a man.
Iwu, loins, abdomen (of man).
Iwu, chest marks.
Iwu, I die.
Iya, ditch.
I yd, I take ; maiya, we take.
Iya, I go.
Iyad§, I go to buy.
Iyaiyi, I believe.
Iyai gmo, I adopt a child.
Iyaka, I touch.
Iyalema, I (go) cook fufu.
Iy ale ma, go and cook fufu.
Iyaluegbe, the servant of Ovia.
Iyamale, I forgive.
Iyamwere, I fetch.
Iyane,, I go to stool.
Iyane, I give.
Iyanexweli, I forgive.
Iyatua, I salute,
lye, he lives, he is.
lye, mother.
I y 'e* I make ; I go to it.
lye, I remember.
I ye, do, I live in Edo.
Iygdo, in Edo.
Iyeha, sixty.
Iyeha, one hundred and twenty.
IyQke, back, beyond.
IyQkikpoba, beyond the Ikpoba.
lygkobq, back of the hand,
lyekogbe, young men's quarter of house.
Iyekowa, back of the house.
Iygkowe, top of the foot.
Iyele, I remember (it).
Iyemodede, mother's mother.
Iyenagmofi, mother for this world; i.e., female " friend,"
mistress,
ii. a
226 EDO DICTIONARY.
Iyenobiye, mother's mother.
I ye, re, I set fire to.
Iyer ha, father's mother.
Iyene, eighty.
Iyigbenaise, one hundred and ten.
Iyeva, forty.
Iyiye, mother's mother.
I yob a, king's mother.
Iyobqtiede, I beckon, call with the hand.
Iyoxo, koko yam.
Iyode, assistance in childbirth.
Iyomone, I give in marriage.
Iyolobo, I help, assist.
Iyoha, pawn, pledge.
Iyoboiyo, I obey, put hand.
Iyowa, mother of the house, mother of the owner of a
house.
Iyowe, I take a broom.
Iyowokpamudia, I stand on one leg.
Iyudewo, I oil myself.
Iyuhi, I make a law.
Izaba, hair dressing in fifth month of pregnancy.
Izaduma, chief's drum.
Izagigwa, 1 spend, waste money.
Izake, kind of fish.
Izakpqide, dance.
Ize, I take.
Ize,, native rice.
Ize, I speak (a language).
Izeyo, I care for, mind.
IzQdizQdi, abscess, fistula.
Izie, I hold.
Iziga, murderer.
Izigala, I fly (of butterfly).
Izigo, I spend, waste money.
Izo, I grow (trees).
Izobo,, shoulder.
EDO DICTIONARY. 227
Iz$bo, I let fall.
Izoi', I share (pair).
Izoi, I send; inakegioma, inakezoma, they send a man,
person.
Izgka, I shout.
Izoligo, I fine.
Izuno, I spoil the edge.
Kalaka, glass.
K e, particle meaning then, or indicating past time ;
egwikere, the tortoise came.
Ke, particle meaning with; itotake, I sit down with;
diake, stay with me, him, etc.
Keti, stop.
Kewime, with me ; kedo, from Edo.
Kevagalai, from that time on.
K;no kino kino, chevron pattern.
Koikoi, sound of beating fufu.
Koiyo, the ordinary salutation (lit. luck (?)).
KQmaikoma, no one.
KQlmaikoimanQ(reeiro, no one came.
KpqkpQ, duck.
Kwegbi, together.
La, or.
Lagalogo, bell.
Laho, lit. go, hear; I beg you.
Lamogu, the royal salutation.
Lare, come !
Le, q, him, his, it, its; ilegbe, I killed it; igbe, I killed (it).
Le, if ; lematu e hie, if he does not draw breath for pepper.
Lege lege, loud.
Lokpa, alone.
Loliie, he doesn't mind.
Mm, no.
Q 2
228 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ma, Qina, good; ewo nama, the town is good = ewoiama;
qmase, better.
Ma, we, us, our.
Ma, not; gmabie, she bore no children.
Mala = maiia, we go; maladotoi (for madotoi), we go
and salute him.
Matoboma, ourselves.
Mav eva, we two.
Metobome, myself.
Me, I, me, my.
Memo, I.
Moxwome, who is sick ?
Na, before.
Na, now.
Nakunere, calabash on forked stick.
Nalo olesozi, exophthalmos.
Nq, suffix indicating completion; inagileline,, when they
finish burial ; iluene, I have made it.
Ne,, not; one,bie, she bore no children.
Ne, particle meaning give ; irhiene, I take and give.
Ne, 'prefix meaning let; newole, let the town know;
nihasa, let him, us, etc., pay.
Ke, for him.
Ne, who (rel. pronoun); omanogbe, the man whom he
killed ; omanogbe, the man who killed him.
Ngxere, small.
Ne.de, so, last time.
NQg^dea, two days ago.
N§gQdene, three days ago.
Ngkozuwu, stomach ache.
Netobgli, himself.
N^vedeha, five days ago.
Ngvedehino, six days ago.
N^vedelwane, seven days ago.
Nevuse, four days ago.
EDO DICTIONARY. 229
Ni, prefix meaning let; nunalue, let us do it.
Nia, now, with.
Nima, for us.
Nina, for them.
Nime, for me.
Noa loa, suffix indie, death ; igboma, I kill a man ; Igboma-
noa, I kill a man dead.
Nobalegelege, brown.
Nobgri, landholder.
Noxoneri, anyone.
Node, yesterday.
NodQkisori, name for a stone axe.
Nogbese, one who gives big dashes.
Nogbete, sore.
Nogbigbelua, a suicide.
NogiQne, fourth.
Nogise, fifth.
Nogihino, seventh.
Nogiyelele, eighth.
Nogyeha, sixth.
Nogihini, ninth.
Nohamu, coward.
Noiadigbe, substitute for pawn or condemned man.
Noiyeme, it is good for me.
Noyiiiwele, narrow.
NolQmi, intelligent man.
NoniQti, a strong, industrious man.
Norhuele, recently circumcised boy (?).
Noriaisi, innocent.
Nor^digaxi, any one.
Noriri, whoever.
Nor§, of them (lit., who was); nodionorQ, the eldest of
them.
Nosivieva, triplets.
NobiewezQ, defendant.
Notiezq, plaintiff.
Nowise, broad.
230 EDO DICTION AEY.
Nozelele nozelele, in order.
Nozoxialo, brave man (strong for eye).
Nukpona, this year.
Nuna, you.
Nuniie, do you see ?
Nuwa, for you.
0,or.
Ob a, a pattern (No. 27 in Notes and Queries),
Ob a, red ; light ; flame ; he hides.
Ob a, king.
Obakota, it is towards evening, it becomes evening.
Obalo, sharp, hot.
Obalomi, it hurts me.
Obanuli, 200 figure (ornament).
Obawe, man who walks on his toes.
Obboruokao, early morning, first cock crows.
Obele, half moon.
Obqle,, new road; paddle.
Obele, he stays.
Oberomo, right hand.
Obi, poison.
Obi aruana, six fingered child.
ObiQxu, hinge.
Obiedo, house slave.
Obit a, diviner who tries ita ordeal.
Obo, hand; arm; ariobiyoma, go to the left; ariobQr-
homa, go to the right.
Obo, doctor ; pi. e,bo, doctors.
Qbobo, flour, mashed yam ; mahogany (?).
Obo do, pirouet in dancing.
Obokpa, one way (place), one hand.
Qbii, plenty, much.
Qbugbi, plenty, too much.
Ob we, funnel (for bellows).
Ob we, potter's clay.
EDO DICTIONARY. 231
Ox a, story.
Ox a, white ant.
Ox a, cotton tree.
Qxadioi, worm eaten, ant eaten.
Oxaimi, pi. ixaimi, chief.
Oxame, I tire; qxale,, he, she tires; emaxame, I am
tired of fufu.
Qxe, a small fish.
Oxi, circle.
Oxia, road ant.
Oxia, march.
Oxiame, it hurts me.
Oxiqli, end.
Oxiqmekia, boy with healed circumcision wound.
Oxiuxi, circular.
Oxo (its) bad.
Oxoxo, fowl.
Oxoxovibie, Pleiades.
Oxqgbo, farm hut.
Oxoi, parasitic worm.
Oxqfi, war.
Oxorion, not nice.
Oxumu, sky.
Oxumwiainye, lightning.
Oxwaxwa, harmattan.
Oxwai, basket.
Ox wale ma, woman's basket.
Ox we, a fruit.
Ox we, parrot.
Ox we, knot.
Oxwixwi, dark, black.
Ox wo, pi. ix wo, woman.
Oxwome, I am sick.
Oxwonodafenonyawa, head wife, second husband of
house.
Oxwuhami, pregnant woman.
O da feme, my husband.
232 EDO DICTIONARY.
•0 da five, stepfather.
i0 da fori, husband.
Odaihai, beads in line round forehead.
O da Iowa, in front of the house.
Odalowe, shin.
Odalu, forwards ; road in front ; in front.
Odame, I am sorry for.
Odengre, a short way.
Odgrie, woman's quarter of house.
Odesuhumu, crown of head.
Ode, wo, path.
Ode noma, right road.
OdenQma, wrong road.
Odi, gate.
Odi, he is brave.
Odi, dumb.
Odiai, straight.
Odibo, servant.
Odiegbe, head of the family.
Od^eke, back ; backwards ; at the back.
Odiekowa, behind the house.
OdiQwonaigwa, he is dead (of big man).
Odigba, bead collar.
Odig^gQ, door leading to oderie.
Odima, we are sorry for.
Qdign, eldest.
Qdo, husband.
Odo, mortar (for pounding).
Odoxumu, palm wine (from oil palm).
Qdodo, red cloth.
Qdggo, caul.
Odqlp, back, again.
Oduduowa, doors leading to women's quarters in big chiefs
house.
OdueleiiQko, liver.
Oduelenohoga, lungs.
Qdukmo, weaver.
EDO DICTIONAKY. 233
Odumha, fabulous animal ; bullroarer.
Oduowa, spare room.
Ofianpapapa, disagreeable (of taste).
Qfe, well ; rich man ; it has run away (of a dog).
Of^, rat.
Ofi, yaws.
Ofi, (is) plenty.
Ofioto, bush rat ; grass cutter.
Qfiiriwe, he is weaned.
Ofo, sweat.
Ofo, it's finished.
Oforio, suffocation.
Ofwa, white.
Qfwegbe, better for me.
Qga, net
Qga, headman.
Qga, throwing spear.
OgaJ, is it a present ?
Qga i, it is done.
Ovale, dear.
Ogano, whose is it ?
Qgawu, he is dying.
Ogawiila, will he die ?
Ogba, digging stick.
Ogba, line, row.
Qgbaigbe, trap (it ties body).
Ogbaliha, he tied it wrong.
Ogbe, next year.
Ogbe, he broke the egg.
OgbehQ, fisherman.
Ogbodg, war knife.
Ogbodu, plover.
Ogbofo, wet.
Ogbole, forecourt of house.
Oge.de, plantain.
OgQd^bo, banana.
Ogele,^/. igele, children, young ones.
234 EDO DICTION ARY.
Ogeye, crooked.
Ogezu, star.
Ogia, pi. jgia, enemy.
Ogyame, leopard.
Ogia son, midnight,
OgiasQnpa, midnight.
Ogiava, noon.
Ogida, a kind of drum.
Ogye, pi. egie, prince.
Ogie, he laughs.
Ogieva, mate (one wife of another).
Ogyevioto, platform; table (lit. king cannot sleep on the
floor).
0 gig be, tenth.
Ogina, theirs.
Ogma, thirty.
0 giu k bo, mud platform for king's throne.
Ogyuzo, uzato, blackfronted duiker.
Ogmebe, pencil.
Ogmo, young, new.
Ogm or hue, it is marked with chalk.
Ogo, bamboo ; palm wine (from bamboo).
Ogo, farm in its second year, or deserted farm.
Ogo, ram.
Oggdo, waterhole, pond.
Ogogmo, (it is) new.
Ogoi, his.
Ogoi, crooked.
Ogoyi, swastika.
Ogglo, tail.
Ogolo, grasshopper.
OgQma, ours.
Oggma, plenty of men.
Ogome, my own; iyaviggome, I take my own.
Qgomena, mine.
Qgewo, his.
Ogowa, yours.
EDO DICTIONARY. 235
Q go we, wo, thine.
Ogukbo, farm in second year.
Ognmu, prisoner of war.
Ogun, blacksmith ; planet Jupiter.
Oguname, hippopotamus.
Oyewe, herd of small goats.
Oguzuma, =Yoruba edu.
Ogwa, woman's room in oderie ; man's sleeping room.
Ogwago, mahogany (?).
Ogweme, I get.
Ogwenayawa, small room in oduowa.
Ogwi, mango.
Ogwixi, I am a blacksmith.
Ogwogun, forge.
Oh a, bush.
Ohabo, bow (archer's).
OhaQku, small of back.
Ohaiso, swallow.
OhamQgbeme, I am hungry.
Qhe,, red ant.
O hen bo, priest.
Ohia, part of a door.
Ohia, dressed skin.
Ohia, scraper.
Ohimi, the Niger ; East.
Oho, line.
Qhoa, a suicide (by hanging).
Ohogeta, I lie; tell falsehoods ; elohogeta, I don't lie.
Ohoga, empty.
Ohogo, false.
OhQkbo, priest.
Ohua, sheep.
Qhwale, clean.
OhuQxi, I am a hunter.
Ohukpa, once.
Ohumokuta, top of the rock.
Ohumuda, a bad character.
236 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ohumume, I am angry.
oi^ga, there.
oiekwekwe, small.
oiQme, I love.
oii, store house.
oiiya, comb.
Oiyorhuewo, it is marked with chalk.
oiyara, poor man.
oiyo, comrade (in same Otu).
oiyolo, which.
Oka, corn, maize.
Oka, nokalo, first.
Okahiame, nest.
Qkai, (its) dry.
Okako, warrior.
Okakwo, pi. ekakwo ; captain, officer.
Okama, short; small.
Okaminahu, corn grows.
Okba, rope for dripping water from palm trees into a pot.
Ok be, flute (calabash).
Ok be, maker of palm wine.
Okbelue, it is hard for him.
Ok bo, tail.
Oke, mountain, hill ; Okgdo, the hill above the Ikpoba.
Oke,ke, rotten.
Oke,ke, drum stick.
Okele, uterus.
Okibaba, green.
Okieki, last.
Okilame, ants' nest.
Okgri, a pattern (concentric circles).
Okma, calabash plate.
Okm a, so km a, tokma, without ; except.
Oko, canoe.
Oko, leaf for wrapping; ivory horn.
Oko, " old fellow " ; olele oko, welcome, my friend.
Okobizo, bush fowl.
EDO DICTIONARY. 237
Okoki, pad for silencing door.
Okoro, prince.
Okpa, one (in composition); arhigkpa, one man.
Okpadewugie, nineteen.
Okpainyogye, twenty-one.
Qkpamudi, I wonder.
Okpalo, big; okpalgse, bigger.
Okpatele, bubo.
Okpele, old.
Okpeme, big words ; plenty of words.
OkpQse, love gift.
Okpigo, plenty of money.
Okwevaxwe, soap balls.
Okwia,^/. ^kwia, man ; male.
Okukweha, a style of hair dressing.
Okum§, without salt.
Ok wo, war.
Okwole, fainting.
Okusuebo, chiefs steward.
Okuta, stone.
Ole, street.
Ole, verandah.
Olgdohia, all Benin City.
Olegwi, dark side of a cloud.
OlQla, passage.
Ol^le, a bean.
Olele, ground squirrel.
0 lei erne, he tickles me.
Olema, son.
Oligbime, I am cold.
Oligi, it cannot.
Olikomeho, windpipe.
Oljma, file.
01 i m i, pi. e 1 i m i, corpse.
016, pus ; cheap.
Olo, bead hat.
Oloxo, soft.
238 EDO DICTIONARY.
Oluxwalaxwala, rough.
Olodionogwa, eunuch.
Olodo, socket for lock.
Olo gai,^/. ilogai, youths ; third division of adult males.
Ologbo, cat.
Ologion, rattle (cane).
Ologiso, bright side of a cloud.
01 ok a, ring.
OlQkQmeho, Adam's apple.
Olokun, sea ; the god Olokun ; west.
Olo lame, water pipe.
Oluqde, day reckoner.
Olueme, my mate (one wife of another).
Olugbulubu, stone in bladder (of animal).
Olulikpede, day reckoner.
Olulu, cotton.
Olumosa, creditor.
Oluzqgezqge, flexible.
Oma, (its) good.
Oma,j)/. ema, man, person.
Omaxe, potter.
Omada, a bad man ; ada bearer.
Omai, old man.
Omoiho, women's ebQ {lit., I want a son).
Omaikoma, everyone.
Omairo, nobody.
Omai si, a good man.
OmalemirQkpa, ignorant.
Omamai, thick.
Omarhuale, unhappy.
Omase, not enough.
Omanodeni, that man who is coming.
Oman qui a, a good man.
Omawu, he is not dead.
Ome, fringe of palm leaf before shrine.
Omeme, madman.
Ometo, hair in plaits.
EDO DICTIONARY. 239
'Qm^to, hairy.
Omiamezi, iguana,
Oinigmie, sweet (like sugar).
•Omiogo, rough.
Omirha, fruit.
Omiwu, son.
(Omo, king ; son.
O in o b e r h a, father's step child.
Omgbp, baby (lit. arm-child); step child.
Omoerai, warm.
Omoge, whose.
OniQmp, iron.
Omomoi, he borrows.
Omgnoxerai, child that favours the father.
Omose, fine, handsome.
■Omosexqla, handsome.
OmQsegbe, fine body.
OmotQn, rusty.
Omotome, it burns me.
Omu, mahogany (?).
Omu, sour.
Omwada, ada bearer.
Omubobu, moist.
Omwe, sun.
Omwihi, carrier.
On a, decorative marks.
Ona, pi. ena, this.
One, crocodile.
Oriwa, bee.
Qriwale, adult male.
On wale, light (colour).
Onwame, adultery.
On wo, honey.
Oni, pi. eni, that.
Onia, bright (of fire).
Oniga, prisoner
On;sa, anus.
240 EDO DICTIONARY.
Qno, heaven, future world.
O noli wo, harsh.
On wot a, sunset.
Onurhieyekowa, door leading to back of the house,
Onurhogbole, door leading from ogbole to house.
Onurhole, door from second forecourt to house.
Onurhole, gate of the town.
Onurhu, doorway, gate.
Onurocle,rie, door leading to oderie.
Onuse, a white yam.
Onuta, slow.
Onyeme, I am glad.
Onyomokpa, in one place, direction.
Onyomokpa, square.
Ope, k ere, palm oil chop.
Opia, machet.
Oranikbili, a fool.
Ore, entrance to house (from street).
Ore, far.
Ore, he is here.
Ore, do, he is in Edo.
Oredola, is he in Edo ?
Orhierhie, sweet like banana.
Or ho, mud.
OrhQ, wet season.
Q r horn i, guinea fowl; star.
Or ho, n, widow.
Orhu, yam heap.
Orhuale, happy.
Orhuawe, obstacle, stone, etc., in the way.
Orhuawe, ankle.
Or hue, chalk.
Orhumoto, snake.
Oriala, gall; bitter.
Orialale, gall bladder.
Oriasolome, lance.
Qrie, (its) flat.
EDO DICTIONARY. 241
Origma, crocus.
Origve, kola dish.
Oriosa, debtor.
Oroxwa, stick.
Orua, relative by marriage.
Osa, gorilla (?).
Osama, bronzeworker.
Ose\ enough. Osenagaxia, it is time to go.
Osq, witness.
0 s e, friend ; mistress.
Osgba, loin cloth (woman's).
Osgle, beetle.
Osiele, it's black.
Osie leg be, suitor for a widow.
Osikpalo, lizard.
Osiloka, corn stack.
Osiotu, comet (?).
Osirhurhu, mould (parasitic).
Osisi, gun.
Oso, (its) dark.
Oso, he should.
Osole, I am sorry for.
Osu, slow.
Osue, tooth pick.
Osukoko, comet.
Osumai, red stone said to be vomited by the rainbow ; used
for Exwai.
Osunu, it has come true ; it has happened.
Osuruwe, porcupine.
Osusu, round patch of hair.
Ota, evening.
Otai, tall, long.
Otawa, jealous (?).
Oteriuruhe, he is dead (of king).
Oti, it boils ; it flies.
Otihi, sneeze.
Otiriberowa, it flew over the house.
II. K
242 EDO DICTIONAKY.
Oto, sharp like pepper.
Oto, earth ; ground ; bottom of river ; under,
Otoli, difficult.
Otolime, dregs.
Qtqfi, burial shrine.
Oton, burning hot.
Qtan, squirrel.
Ototqrha, under the tree.
OtptQze, down stream.
Ototoli, bottom; dregs.
Otowa, floor.
Otu, fungus.
Otu, company.
0 1 u w e, pi. etuwe, your brother, relative.
Ovai, sick.
Ovaima, it pleases us.
Ovegbe, broad.
Ovewaima, it will please us.
x
Ovia, small.
Ovia, Ovia.
Oviabe, knife.
Oviaxe, mould; small pot.
Oviakota, dog.
Ovialu, pupil of the eye.
Oviaxowe, calf (of leg).
Ovie, small.
Ovie, he sleeps.
Ovie, slave ; ripe.
Ovie, he cries, weeps.
Ovie.de.xere, a short time.
Oviqgboxere, a short way.
Ovie, mi la, calf (animal).
Oviewu, side mark.
Ovin, sunlight.
Ovifidelu, sun behind cloud.
Ovihyare, sunrise.
Oviodo, pestle.
EDO DICTIONARY. 243
Oviogoiamoto, middle of foot.
0 v i o k o k u g u g a w e, patella.
Ovi-oma, free man ; small man (not chief).
Oviugwe, poor man.
Oviukmofi, loin cloth (man's).
Ov;vie, grass snake.
Oviia, full.
Qvwon, plenty.
Owa, yours.
Owa, house.
Owa, castrated animal (goat or ox).
Owa, booth.
Qwaise, pi. iwaise, learned men.
Owala, straight.
Owalame, track, spoor of an animal.
Owamegbime, I am thirsty.
0 wane do, people of Edo.
Owe, your own.
0 w 6, farmer.
Owe, he says.
Owe, broom.
Owe, sleep.
Owe, leg.
Owe, shape.
Owgbo, temple.
Owexi, I am a farmer.
Owegbi, hard, strong.
Owehe, menstruation room.
Oweke, mud house.
Owemwami, house of palm leaves.
Owerioto, peeled rods on shrine of Ebo.
Qwewo, thine.
Qwia, putrid.
Qwia, bottom of a hole.
Qwiaixa, it's sour.
Owialame, fraenum of the tongue.
Owiamwemwe, an unusual smell.
244 EDO DICTIONARY.
Owie, morning; owiena, this morning.
Owiewiemokpa, morning twilight.
Owiewiliwili, morning mist.
Owigo, safe (for money).
Owili, old man ; elder.
Owiolue, stepson (woman speaking).
Owirha, brother by same father.
Owirhowiye, brother by same father and mother.
Owiwowo, log hut.
Owiwu, left armpit.
Owiye, brother by same mother.
Owo, one (in counting).
Owoxia, ant's nest.
Owoxo, flexible.
Owohe, a kind of wood.
Owoiiperepere, flat-footed person.
Oworo, eleven.
Owu, death.
Owuxo, hegoat.
Owula, is he dead ?
Owuresa, mahogany (?).
Qyaiyumomi, square.
Oyegidigbii, very big.
Qyelero, man appointed to cook or provide food for strangers.
Oyi, theft.
Oyo, bamboo.
Oyuo, loose.
Oze, lead.
Oze, hard.
OzQdo, interpreter (for Bini).
Ozigo, milk teeth.
Ozila, wind (in the farm).
Oziohami, a fasting man.
Q z i w i r h u, small, soft voice.
Ozi, crab : mantis.
EDO DICTIONARY. 24 o
Ke, neg. particle ; aixue, drive it ; arexue, do not drive it.
Ehiai, bad, spoilt.
Eh ili, still, yet.
Eh i oka to, roast corn.
Sa, shoo.
Sa, give, of liquids ; s a me me, give me water ; samenerha,
give water to your father; soviamexer erne, give me
a little water.
Sekeniye, come to my place.
Sele, on, on, on.
SQluwe, more than you (past you).
Sike, near; sike mi, near me ; sikoli, near him, it.
Sikeygki, go further back.
Sikyomo, go further away.
Sikodo, go further away.
Sokma, except.
Sokwo, unless; sokwoiya, unless you go.
Ta, they.
Ta, shut up.
Ta, guess !
Ti, I.
Twabevai, twafia, walk fast.
U, you; especially used before g; ugbe, you killed him;
ugama, you are good; ugare, will, shall, you come?
lima, you are no good: uwoxa. you speak.
Ubele, sand.
Ubidofi, bush cat, hyena (?).
U b o, rubber vine.
Ubozo, fish poison.
Uxiuxi, round.
Uxon, navel.
Uxqro, squirrel (large).
Uxu, property.
246 EDO DICTIONARY.
X
Uxwire, sugar cane.
Uxwire, chair.
Uxumufi, famine.
Uxure, carved pole representing ancestors or Ebo.
Uxuroxo, uncarved uxure.
Ude, nut oil.
Udi, oil palm.
Udia, fly.
Udini, big fly.
Udonehogogo, lungs (?).
Udu, liver.
Ufgko, careless.
Ufile, whistle.
Uga, a rope of yams (22 or 23).
Ugana, axe.
Ugbadi, sword.
Ugbe, syphilitic eruption round the waist.
Ugbena, when.
Ugbo, farm.
Ugbodoko, bone.
Ugbogielimi, the black hat of Ovia's mother; a fabulous
beast.
Uge, broad road leading into a village or quarter.
Ugh a v a, stone axe.
Ugia, five shillings.
Ugiwonaise, one hundred and twenty.
Ugme.so, seldom.
Ugo, bush yam.
Ugoga, woman's bedroom in odcric.
Ugolo, satirical verses.
Ugu, vulture.
Uguga, room in a house.
Uguga, different.
Uguga bo, elbow.
Ugyama, present to king from his children.
Ugye, worship of king's father.
Ugye, twenty.
EDO DICTIONARY. 21'
Ugygki, next market.
Uhai, well.
Uhalu, forehead.
Uhe, vulva.
Uhe.le.kugbe, junction.
Uhi, law.
Uholu, pawpaw.
UhuniQle, top {lit, its head).
UhumQze, up stream.
Uhumilau, mask.
Uhumoke, up hill.
Uhumoljmi, skull.
U hum ova, fever.
Uhumu, head.
Ukade, hook.
Ukase, rattle (calabash).
Ukata, hat.
Ukbo, road.
Ukbo, bed.
Uke, small drum.
Uke,, foundation for hair; lame.
Uke, frizzly.
Uke,gbe, tortoise shell ornament.
Ukggbo, calabash with open mouth, fowl calabash.
Uk^ke, peg.
Uki, moon ; month.
Ukidelu, moon behind clouds.
UkihQmota, ukiota, ukiogmo, ovi agbgde, new moon.
Uki huyi, moon comes out.
Uki maihi, no moon.
Ukinobeluane, half moon.
Ukiogmo, new (lit. raw) moon.
Ukinoba, moonlight.
Uki v ewe, full moon.
Uki, before ; ukigaxia, before you go.
Uko, calabash.
Uko, messenger.
248 EDO DICTIONARY.
Ukoba, king's messenger.
UkShumu, pillow.
Ukoki, pad (for load).
Ukokodieke, spine.
Ukokowe, malleolus.
Ukokowo, calabash for medicine.
Ukoni, kitchen.
Ukoti, pin for dressing hair.
Ukpa, tip ; uk pal a me, tip of the tongue.
Ukpafogbole, second forecourt.
Ukpaihiame, beak.
Ukpe, mouth, beak.
Ukpehp, lobe.
UkpQWQ, left nipple.
Ukpo, year.
Ukpobie, squirrel.
Ukpogieva, second in age.
Ukpoguzo, foreign body in the eye.
Ukpoguzo, lozenge pattern (?).
UkwebQ, ebe holder.
Ukwomobie, kind of small kingfisher.
Ulakpa, red earth.
Uleha, hair dressing in eighth month of pregnancy.
Ulqko, medicine worn by pregnant woman.
UIqiuo, basin.
Uli, two hundred.
Ulo, in a straight line (?).
Uloka, balls of corn mixed with oil.
Ulgmia, rope barring road during Ovia ceremonies.
Uma, conference of parties to palaver.
UmalaiQkpe, all the people of a country.
Umalemedewu, finis ! (story falls down dead).
Ume,, salt.
UmQmwQgbi, salty.
Umobo, illegitimate.
Umgdia, straight (road).
UmQinQngmegbehia, cube.
EDO DICTIONARY. 249
Umonii, the same person.
(J mo, mo, hammer.
Umozo, hroad sword.
Umu, heavy.
Umwadiye, serval.
Umwerioto, small stick, peeled wands.
Umwqme, soup.
Unwe, for thee.
Uiiwe, cow.
Uniqle, in three days
Unu, month.
Unwe, mosquito.
UnwewokQke, idle.
Unuya, gate of city.
Unye, soup.
UnyQge, rat (? striped).
Unyumu, dry season.
Urhowa, street in market.
iJrhu, neck; voice, language.
UrhuQdg, Bini language; — i gab ale, Hausa; — is a, Ishan ;
— obo, Sobo ; — ora, Ora ; — sekri, Jekri.
Urhuabo, wrist.
Urob o, gate.
Use, week.
Use, I am poor.
Usekinode, next market.
Usie, marks on house.
Usigle, in four days.
Usugbe, mortar (for fufu).
Usume, line of workers ; suite.
Us use, every week.
Uteya, till.
U t o, arrow point.
Utn, fern ; long stick ; agricultural eby.
Uvalame, upper chest.
Uvinyeke, depression in middle of back.
Uvii, hole.
ii. s
250 EDO DICTIONARY.
Uvun, burial shrine.
Uvugegbe, place of the mirror.
Uvwehg, earhole.
Uv wih we, nostril.
Uwawa, cooking pot.
Uwawe, knee.
Uwele, inside it.
Uwerhie, whip.
Uyi, tank or pool in centre of room.
Uzarua, king's council.
Uzebi, guilty.
Uzo, Maxwell's duiker.
Ve, and; together; ekita ve egwi, dog and tortoise ; vedialu,
may we stay and do (it).
Vedio, so.
Wa, brown.
Wa, why ? what ? where ?
Waiyi, where do you live ? Wame,, what did you get ?
Wamie,, what did you see ? Wariei, where are you
going ?
Wa, you ; your ; Wale, know (ye) ; War hie, take all !
Wabodoko, bone, skeleton.
Watobuwa, yourselves.
We, thou, thee, thy ; Wele, dost thou know ?
We, in.
We-elume, you not me.
Welaime, you or I.
W^le, welcome !
Wenia, so.
Wqtobowe, thyself.
Wiasra, what.
Wo, where.
EDO DICTIONARY. 251
Wuwowa, in the house.
Wuvu, in a hole.
Wo, what.
Xire xire, very small.
/alio, quick.
ZqIq bo, leave it!
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